Horticultural value and cultivation techniques of courtyard fruit trees

Horticultural value and cultivation techniques of courtyard fruit trees

1 the value of gardening of courtyard fruit trees

1.1 increase economic income

Economic benefit is the most direct value embodiment of courtyard fruit tree horticulture. The fruit produced by courtyard fruit trees is healthy and pollution-free, and its quality can be fully guaranteed and has high commodity value. If it is used for sale, it can increase a certain amount of economic income. The survey shows that after the development of courtyard fruit tree horticulture in Puyang area of Henan Province, the annual economic income of each household is generally between 300,000 yuan and 400 yuan. With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, many families will often buy fruit, and the development of courtyard fruit tree horticulture can achieve self-feeding, which can save a lot of expenses in the long run.

1.2 optimize the living environment

The development of courtyard fruit tree horticulture is beneficial to the improvement of people's living environment. First of all, plants can absorb waste gas and purify the air. Planting fruit trees in the courtyard can absorb the exhaust gas produced by people's breathing and harmful substances in the air, thus greatly improving the air quality. Secondly, planting fruit trees in the courtyard can also regulate the microclimate, play a role in regulating temperature and air humidity, and also have a certain impact on regional precipitation. In addition, the development of courtyard fruit tree horticulture not only includes the planting of fruit trees, but also involves the construction of fruit trees and other horticultural work, so it can better enhance the appreciation of the courtyard and further optimize the living environment.

1.3 improve the rationality of resource utilization

The rational use of resources in courtyard fruit tree horticulture is reflected in many aspects. First, at present, the development of courtyard fruit tree horticulture is mainly concentrated in rural areas, while the planting and pruning of fruit trees are usually carried out by the elderly at home or other idle personnel, which is conducive to the effective use of surplus labor in rural areas [1]. Second, although the planting area of fruit trees in the courtyard is small, but once it is popularized, it can effectively alleviate the pressure of cultivated land, avoid the planting of fruit trees occupying a lot of cultivated land, and make better use of the remaining space in the courtyard. Third, the role of urban courtyard fruit tree horticulture in climate regulation and air purification can better replace air purifier, humidifier and other equipment, and indirectly play the effect of energy saving.

1.4 promote rural development

The development of courtyard fruit tree horticulture is beneficial to rural development. On the one hand, courtyard fruit tree planting in rural areas reduces the large-scale planting of fruit trees to a certain extent, which not only reduces the environmental pollution caused by pesticides, pesticides and chemical fertilizers, but also plays a better role in protecting the cultivated soil. this is very beneficial to the overall improvement of the rural environment. On the other hand, the development of courtyard fruit tree horticulture increases the appreciation and improves the leisure, tourism and cultural value in rural areas, which can not only promote the development of tourism in rural areas, but also promote the development of farm music and other related industries, increase rural economic income and achieve the rapid development of rural economy.

2 cultivation techniques

2.1 Fruit tree variety selection

China has a vast territory, and there are some differences in climatic conditions, soil conditions and ecological conditions in different regions, which have a direct impact on the planting of fruit trees. Therefore, in the development of courtyard fruit tree horticulture, we should first select suitable fruit tree varieties according to the local actual planting situation, so as to give full play to the value of courtyard fruit tree horticulture. For example, the climate in southern China is mostly humid and the temperature is relatively high, so we can choose varieties of fruit trees that are resistant to moisture and heat, such as sugar cane and bananas, while in western regions such as Shanxi and Shaanxi, because the climate is relatively dry, the soil is mainly loess, so we can choose dried fruit trees, such as jujube, pistachio, chestnut, walnut and so on.

2.2 fertilization techniques

The fertilization technology of courtyard fruit trees is very different from that of large-scale fruit tree planting. Courtyards belong to residential areas and have higher requirements for the environment than orchards and other land planting areas. Therefore, artificial fertilizer and organic fertilizer should be used in fertilization, and chemical fertilizer should not be used as far as possible to avoid pollution to the living environment. Artificial fertilizer can choose human and animal feces, while organic fertilizer can be made from expired food, rotten vegetables, fruits and other materials rich in organic matter, which can not only improve the quality of fruits, but also reduce the cost of fertilization. to achieve the effective use of resources.

2.3 Disease and pest control

Pest control is an important link in the cultivation of fruit trees. therefore, great attention must be paid to pest control in the development of courtyard fruit tree horticulture. The work of pest control needs to consider the living environment, in order to avoid pollution, chemicals should not be used as far as possible, biological control method and physical control method should be selected. Because of the small size of the fruit trees in the courtyard, the physical prevention and control method does not consume too much manpower.

2.4 Fruit tree pruning

In order to improve the appreciation of fruit trees in the courtyard, reasonable pruning should be carried out according to the actual demand. If we pay attention to the shading function of fruit trees, we can retain the branches and leaves of fruit trees during pruning; if we pursue economic benefits, we can prune off the excess branches to ensure the nutrition of fruit trees; and for courtyard fruit trees dominated by ornamental value, it should be pruned combined with courtyard space and fruit tree varieties [3-4]. For example, in a courtyard with less space, the branches and leaves at the bottom of the fruit tree need to be cut off to promote the fruit tree to grow tall, so as to save space.

2.5 Courtyard cleaning

Soil condition is the key factor affecting the cultivation and growth of fruit trees, and courtyard cleaning is the main way to improve soil conditions in courtyard fruit tree planting [5]. The soil quality of the courtyard needs to be examined before planting fruit trees. If the soil quality of the courtyard is better, the courtyard soil can be manually cleaned directly to remove sand, gravel or other impurities; if the soil quality of the courtyard is poor, the soil in the planting area can be changed, combined with the specific varieties of fruit trees to change the high-quality soil suitable for the growth of fruit trees. In addition, after cleaning the courtyard, a certain amount of fertilizer should be applied to improve soil fertility.

3 conclusion

The value of courtyard fruit tree horticulture is reflected in many aspects, such as environmental optimization, resource utilization, economic benefit and so on. In the future urban and rural construction, it is necessary to develop courtyard fruit tree horticulture, but in actual development, it is also necessary to popularize the planting and cultivation techniques of courtyard fruit trees.