Effect of Trace element Water-soluble Fertilizer on yield and quality of Citrus

Effect of Trace element Water-soluble Fertilizer on yield and quality of Citrus

A large amount of element water-soluble fertilizer refers to a liquid or solid water-soluble fertilizer made of a large number of elements nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and adding an appropriate amount of medium elements or trace elements. The person who adds at least one kind of trace elements in boron, iron, manganese, zinc, molybdenum and copper is called trace element water-soluble fertilizer. A large number of element water-soluble fertilizers have many effects, such as promoting crop growth and development, enhancing leaf photosynthesis, increasing yield and improving quality. In order to verify the application effect of this fertilizer, the foliar spraying experiment of trace element water-soluble fertilizer was carried out on citrus trees in Longhui County, Hunan Province in 2015 and 2016.

I. Materials and methods

The tested trace element water-soluble fertilizer (hereinafter referred to as large-element water-soluble fertilizer) is produced by Shaoyang Liuchuang Agro-Chemical Co., Ltd., solid products, the content of large amount of elements (N+P2O5+K2O) ≥ 50.0% (10-10-30), trace elements (boron) 1.0% ≥. In 2015, a field plot experiment was conducted to explore the effect of spraying a large amount of element water-soluble fertilizer on the yield and quality of citrus. The citrus tested was Wenzhou mandarin "Longyuanzao" in Zihe Village, Sangesi Town, Longhui County, planted in 1982, with a row spacing of 3.0 m × 3.5 m (about 63 plants / mu). The tree size, tree potential and fruit setting were basically the same. The soil is red soil, the terrain is flat, the fertility is medium and uniform, and the conditions of drainage, irrigation and light are good. In the treatment of citrus fruit, 300 times of water-soluble fertilizer was sprayed once on July 8 and 15, the same amount of water was sprayed in control 1, and no spraying was done in control 2. Random block arrangement, 6 plants per repeat (plot), with an area of 63 meters, repeated 3 times. The amount of liquid spraying is to spray wet branches, leaves and fruits evenly without dripping water (the same below). The treatment and the control are completely the same in other cultivation and management measures, such as soil fertilization, pest control, weeding and so on. On September 16, 50 spring leaves were randomly picked, the thickness of leaves was measured by Vernier caliper, and the weight of leaves was weighed by tray drug balance. On September 29th, the fruit yield was counted, the representative fruit quality was determined, and the soluble solids content of fruit was determined by hand-held sugar meter. The effect of increasing yield was analyzed by variance analysis to compare the significant difference.

In 2016, demonstration and comparative experiments were carried out in two physiological fruit drop periods and strong fruit stages of citrus to further study the effects of this fertilizer on fruit setting, yield and quality of citrus. The citrus tested is Wenzhou mandarin "Longyuanzao" from Shaping Village, Sangesi Town, Longhui County. It was planted in 2002 with a row spacing of 3 meters × 3 meters (about 74 plants / mu), medium flower quantity, tree size and tree potential. The soil is red soil, the terrain is flat, the fertility is medium and uniform, and the conditions of drainage, irrigation and light are good. Select the mound block with an area of about 420m 2, and divide it into two parts, each 210m 2 (20 plants). The treatments were as follows: citrus Xiehua 2gam3 (April 23), before the second physiological fruit drop (May 31) and strong fruit stage (July 9), each sprayed 300 times of water-soluble fertilizer. The same amount of water was sprayed in each period as the control. On April 23, three observation trees were selected to investigate the number of young fruits, based on which the fruit setting rate was calculated. On July 9, the thickness and weight of leaves were investigated. The fruit was harvested on October 1, and the fruit yield and quality were investigated.

II. Results and analysis

1. The effects of a large amount of element water-soluble fertilizer on physiological fruit drop and yield of citrus were investigated in the field. it was found that there were no side effects when a large amount of element water-soluble fertilizer was sprayed during citrus fruit growth stage or from Xiehua 2Make3. The effect of spraying showed that the leaves were greener, heavier and thicker, the tree potential was enhanced, and the yield was significantly increased. Spraying from citrus Xiehua 2max 3 could also significantly reduce the first and second physiological fruit drop. It can be seen from tables 1 and 2 that the citrus trees sprayed with a large amount of elemental water-soluble fertilizer have an increase of 4.2-13.5 grams in leaf weight, 0.40-0.45 cm in thickness and 11.0%-15.9% in yield compared with the water control. the fruit setting rate of citrus trees sprayed from citrus Xiehua 2max 3 is 0.32 times higher than that of the water control, reaching 7.0%, and the difference is significant. In the 2016 experiment, the single fruit weight of clear water control was significantly higher than that of fertilizer spraying treatment, which was related to its less fruit setting.

two。 Effect of large amount of element Water-soluble Fertilizer on the quality of Citrus Fruit

When a large amount of element water-soluble fertilizer was sprayed on citrus trees, the fruit ripening period was advanced by 4-6 days, the sugar content increased, the pericarp became thinner and the quality improved obviously. It can be seen from tables 1 and 2 that the soluble solids content of the fruit is 0.8%-1.4% higher than that of the water control, the flavor is thickened and sweetened, and the rest of the quality does not change much.

Table 1 effects of spraying large amount of element water-soluble fertilizer on leaf growth, fruit yield and quality during citrus fruit growth (2015)

Note: in multiple comparison, different lowercase letters in the same column show significant differences (P < 0.05), and different uppercase letters indicate extremely significant differences (P < 0.05).

Table 2 effects of spraying large amount of element water-soluble fertilizer on leaf growth, fruit setting, yield and quality of citrus during physiological fruit drop and strong fruit stage (2016)

Note: the number of young fruits investigated by ① refers to the number of young fruits investigated at Xiehua 2 / 3 (including unbloomed flowers on trees and buds that have not yet opened). Compared with the difference of ② average, different lowercase letters in the same column showed significant difference, while different uppercase letters showed extremely significant difference.

3. Effect of large amount of element Water-soluble Fertilizer on Economic benefit of Citrus

Significant economic benefits can be obtained by spraying a large amount of element water-soluble fertilizer either during the citrus fruit-strengthening period or from Xiehua 2amp 3 (see Table 3). The input and output of Prida 1 is 6.5 to 8.0.

Table 3 effect of spraying large amount of element water-soluble fertilizer on economic benefit of citrus

III. Conclusion

The results showed that when the trace element water soluble fertilizer was sprayed on citrus trees after water dissolution and dilution, the leaves increased green, weight and thickness, chlorophyll content increased, photosynthesis and growth potential increased. It has a good effect on reducing physiological fruit drop and increasing the content of soluble solids in citrus fruit. The yield and quality are obviously improved, and it is easy to use, no side effects, no pollution, no pollution and low cost. Spraying combined with pest control can further reduce labor consumption, and the economic benefit is remarkable, so it is suitable to be popularized and applied as citrus foliar fertilizer.

It is suggested that a large amount of element water-soluble fertilizer should be sprayed three times a year, that is, after the end of the first physiological fruit drop and before the beginning of the second physiological fruit drop (late May), 300 times of liquid should be sprayed once in the strong fruit stage (July). Stir fully before spraying, use as you like, choose sunny days without wind (before 10:00, after 4 p.m.) or cloudy days without wind, spray liquid fertilizer evenly on both sides of the leaves, the amount of liquid spray to crown branches, leaves, flowers, fruits all wet without dripping as degrees. A large number of element water-soluble fertilizer is a kind of multi-element water-soluble fertilizer which can be completely soluble in water. It dissolves quickly in water and has comprehensive nutrition. It can be used for foliar spraying of citrus with high absorption and utilization rate, quick effect and remarkable effect, but it can not replace soil fertilization. In production, the cultivation and management of citrus trees should be strengthened to give full play to the effect of increasing production and improving quality of this fertilizer. A large number of element water-soluble fertilizers can be mixed with non-strong acid and strong alkaline pesticides and fertilizers, and should be replenished in case of rain within 6 hours after spraying; they should be sealed and stored in a cool, dry and ventilated place, paying attention to moistureproof, sun protection and packaging rupture to improve the efficacy.