Cultivation techniques of Dioscorea zingiberensis with plastic film in greenhouse

Cultivation Techniques of Yellow Turmeric in Plastic Shed

Ginger cultivation in deep, loose, fertile, well-drained soil is appropriate. The growth cycle of ginger is 6 months, and the accumulated temperature of the whole growth period is 5000℃. Ginger likes warm and humid climatic conditions, does not tolerate low temperature frost, avoid continuous cropping. They like weak light, and under strong light, the leaves are easy to wither and turn yellow. They are cultivated under shade in production, but the requirements for the length of sunshine are not strict [Jishan Huayao]. Plant fleshy roots into the soil shallow, root system is not developed, fertilizer requirements are relatively large, in addition to applying sufficient base fertilizer [2], should be timely topdressing at different stages.

1 Fertilization and preparation

Before ploughing, 12 cubic meters of chicken manure and 8 cubic meters of high-quality decomposed cow dung are evenly scattered on the ground surface, and the soil and fertilizer are evenly mixed by using a rotary tiller to ensure that the soil is loose and has good ventilation, so as to facilitate the growth and development of roots.

2 Selection

Select good varieties with storage tolerance, good quality, high yield and strong resistance. Select plump, fat, shiny surface, no mechanical damage and no pests ginger block seed.

3 Ginger seed treatments

3.1 dried ginger

20~30 days before sowing, clean the mud on the ginger seeds, and avoid damaging the ginger seeds when cleaning. Select sunny days to turn ginger seeds for 1~2 days. Take it back in the afternoon to avoid frostbite ginger seeds. If the sun is strong, shade properly to prevent exposure to strong light.

3.2 Kunjiang

After the drying of the ginger seeds is finished, a layer of straw curtain is covered on the ginger seeds, the temperature is kept between 11 DEG C and 15 DEG C, and after stacking for 2 days, the shriveled, wrinkled, soft and browned inferior ginger seeds are eliminated.

3.3 germination

in that first ten day of April, the temperature is changed to germinate, the gin seeds are arranged in a basket layer by layer, put on a farmhouse kang, covered with a straw curtain, the temperature is controlled at 21 DEG C to 29 DEG C, and after more than 20 days, when the bud length grows to about 1 cm, the ginger seeds are taken out for sowing.

3.4 Cut ginger seeds

Cut the ginger seeds into 50~100 grams of ginger pieces with a knife. The weight should be uniform. Keep 1~2 strong buds on each ginger seed, and remove all the remaining buds.

3.5 Soaking disinfection

Soak seeds with plant ash solution for 30 minutes, or with 1% Bordeaux solution for 30 minutes, or with 50% carbendazim solution for 30 minutes, or with 1% lime water for 30 minutes, and then take out the disinfectant and put it on clean ground to dry for sowing.

4 sowing

4.1 sowing date

Sowing is carried out when the soil temperature of 5~7 cm is stably higher than 16℃ between the middle and late April and the first ten days of May.

4.2 sowing density

5000 plants per mu are planted in fields with high soil fertility, 5500 plants per mu in fields with medium soil fertility and 6000 plants per mu in fields with poor soil fertility. Under the same fertility, large pieces of ginger are planted sparsely and small pieces are planted densely.

4.3 sowing method

Lishu County generally adopts the ridge cultivation method, planting furrows are opened according to the row spacing of 50~60 cm, base fertilizer is evenly applied, sole water is irrigated, after water infiltration, ginger seedlings dipped in plant ash are placed upward to the west, according to the horizontal plant spacing of 16~22 cm in furrows, soil is covered with 4~6 cm, and herbicides are sprayed on the fields.

5 Field management

5.1 shading

When the emergence rate of ginger in the greenhouse reaches 50%, a layer of sunshade net should be covered on the cold shed to avoid strong light irradiation. The sunshade net must be removed in time in early August.

5.2 intertilled weeding

Cultivate 3~4 times in the growth period. Due to the lack of roots in the early stage of growth, deep ploughing should be carried out properly. In the middle and late stages of growth, shallow ploughing should be carried out to avoid root injury. Cultivate the soil once every half month.

5.3 temperature control

After cultivation to emergence, small arch shed can be built to control the ground temperature at 20℃~30℃, and the small arch shed can be removed when the seedling grows to 20 cm. During the whole growth period, the temperature in the cold shed was controlled at 20℃~39℃.

5.4 water and fertilizer management

When the emergence reaches 80%, water is poured once. When it enters the vigorous growth period, water is poured once every 4~7 days depending on the moisture content.

The first topdressing time is when the ginger seedling grows to 30 cm and small branches appear; the second topdressing time is at the three-branch stage; the third topdressing time is at the rhizome expansion stage.

6 Pest control

6.1 agricultural control

Implement rotation with cruciferae for more than 3~4 years; avoid continuous cropping or previous crops such as tomato and eggplant; select loamy soil with good terrain and no ponding.

6.2 disease Control

6.2.1 Soaking and disinfection before sowing can prevent ginger blast. If the disease occurs in later stage, spray 50% diammonium 1000 times solution for 2~3 times in time.

6.2.2 Spray 1000 times solution of 70% thiophanate-methyl WP or 500~800 times solution of 64% oxfrost·manganese zinc WP at the initial stage of ginger spot disease, spray once every 8 days for 2~3 times continuously.

6.3 pest control

6.3.1 After soil preparation, spray nematodes medicinal liquid or Di Chong Wang liquid to the field before planting to prevent nematodes.

6.3.2 Black cutworm was sprayed with 2.5% cypermethrin EC at 3000 times or 50% phoxim EC at 1000 times at 2nd instar larvae stage.

7 Harvest and seed retention

The usual harvest time is mid-October. Harvest when the plants are withered and the rhizomes are plump. Before harvest, first small water to make the soil fully wet, wait for the soil to dry slightly, pull out the plants, cut off the stems at 2 cm above the stem base, remove the fibrous roots on ginger, you can store.