A new species of the genus Rhizoma (Flower) from Yunlong, China

Yunlong Zhonglou, a new species of the genus Chimonanthus (Melilaceae)

There are about 27 species of perennial plants with rhizomes distributed in temperate Eurasia, mainly in East Asia, especially in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau of China. Most of the plants of the genus Polygonum contain steroidal saponins, flavonoid glycosides and other components, which have important medicinal value. On April 23 and September 1, 2016, the author collected a species of the same genus from the Zhonglou planting base under the mixed forest of Pinus yunnanensis and wax gourd at an altitude of 2500m in Guanping Township, Yunlong County, Yunnan Province, respectively. Flowering period (2016-4-23, Wang Yuehu, Luo Jifeng, Wang Linlin, Li Heng 009) and fruiting period [2016 Mei9Mui 1, Li Heng, Lei Ligong, Liu Yanchi 030 (young fruit), 031 (mature fruit cracking) 032 (undeveloped fruit), all collected by Mr. Liu Yanchi, the owner of the planting area, from the nearby mountain forest]. It is found that it is obviously different from other known species of the genus and is identified as a new species. Yunlong Zhonglou, new species, lateral membrane subgenus, flea group, see figure 1.

Fig. 2 Yunlong Zhonglou color plate

Note: 1. Habitat, Yunnan pine + dry wax gourd forest under the heavy building planting area; 2. A population; 3. Single-stem plants, showing leaves, flowers, rhizomes and fibrous roots; 4. Three-stem plant, foliage,

Flowers, rhizomes and fibrous roots; 5. A round of leaves; 6. A plant with five flowers, petals absent, stamens 10 (2 whorls), showing very long anther septum; 7. A six-numbered flower

Petals 4, green, stamens 12 (2 whorls), indicating pollen dispersed anthers and long anther septum; 8. A six-numbered flower with 5 petals and 12 stamens (2 whorls), indicating that the pollen has been

Dispersed anthers and long septate processes; 9. Dehiscent mature capsule, showing persistent sepals (6), petals (5), withered stamens and red seeds; 10. Peeled off

Capsule, showing seed and lateral membrane placenta; 11. Part of the peeled capsule indicates parietal placenta and some seeds have been removed; 12. Peeled capsule, seed removed, lateral membrane

Placenta and sterile ovule (white, sterile ovule showed thicker stalk, but no aril developed); 13. Seeds; 14. A species that peels off a succulent outer coat.

Son, showing white endodermis (photographed and combined by Lei Ligong, of which 2pause 4 and 6 were photographed by Li Heng).

Herbs perennial, glabrous. The rhizome is recumbent, the surface is brown, the inner surface is white and powdery, the length is 2.5 ~ 8.5cm, the diameter is 0. 2 ~ 2. 5cm, partial fibrous roots of freshmen in 3 years. Stem 1 or 3, erect, light purplish red, 12.5 ~ 40cm high, 3 ~ 4mm thick. The base was surrounded by 3 dry membranous scale leaves, which were long 1~3cm, attached to and surrounded the base of the stem, and left 3 rings on the rhizome after withering. Leaves 1 whorl, born at the top of the stem, 5 ~ 7 (9); petiole 2 ~ 8mm long, 1 ~ 2mm wide, purple; leaf blade ovate, ovate-oblong, green, light green abaxially, 4 ~ 9 5cm long and 1.5 ~ 3.5 cm wide; base attenuate and decurrent to petiole, cuneate, rounded, apex acuminate, margin with micro-eyelashes Midrib sunken above, raised abaxially, lateral veins 2-3 pairs, the first pair nearly basal, extending straight to the middle of the leaf margin, the second pair alternate near the middle of the midvein, arcuate, the third pair of lateral veins pinnate, delicate or almost invisible. Flowers solitary stem apical, pedicel length 3.5 ~ 5cm, thick 2 ~ 3mm, fruit elongation to 7~10cm, thick 3~4mm, light green or light purple. Sepals 4-6, distinct, green, abaxially light green, ovate, lanceolate, 2-5cm long and 0. 0 wide. 7-1. 5cm, apex acuminate, margin with micro-eyelashes, persistent; petals, 2-2~3cm, or less than sepals, or absent, filiform, purple, fruiting green, long 2~3cm, unequal, persistent. Stamens 2 whorls, 8 ~ 12, purple, 2.0 ~ 2. 2cm long, persistent, filaments 2 ~ 3mm long, anthers long 5~6mm, pollen grains ellipsoid, yellow, connective protruding purple, then green, long 10~15mm, filiform. Ovary ovate, green, with 4-6 purple longitudinal ribs, 2.5-4mm long, 2-4 mm in diameter, 1-loculed, parietal placenta 4-6, ovules numerous, ovate, anatropous, white, style base purple, dilated into a short pyramid, covering the top of the ovary, extending to the longitudinal ribs of ovary, style and stigma purple, 4-6, separated, erect, 3-5mm long. Capsule globose, yellowish green, 2 ~ 2. 5cm in diameter, with 5 ~ 6 longitudinal ribs of winglike eminence, irregular dehiscence between ribs; seeds subglobose, about 3mm in diameter, exocarp red and succulent, inner Testa white. Florescence: April-June, fruiting period 7murSeptember.

The leaf shape and texture of this new species are similar to those of Parismairei L é veill é of the same group (SectionEuthyra (Salisbury) Franchet), but the petals are usually absent or less than sepals, and the anther process of stamens is 1 ~ 1. 5cm. It is similar to the long septum in the same group (P. pollyphylla Smith var. PseudothibeticaH. Li) differs in that petals are usually absent, or less than sepals, sparse equaling the number of sepals, lavender, later turning green, stamens lavender or purple, lateral veins of leaf blade only 2-3 pairs, arcuate, far away. The stamens of the black seed group (Section Thibeticae H. Li) of the same subgenus (Subgenus Daiswa (Rafinesque) H. Li) also have a very long septum protruding up to 2. 7cm, but this new species is different from it in that the seed is red and without aril (the outer Testa of the black seed is black, with a red aril that surrounds the base of the seed to half of the seed). As for the leaf texture of this new species is similar to that of Maozhonglou, it is because their leaf surface is covered by similar micropapillae, which appears to be hairy, which is actually caused by the uplift of the vertical wall of leaf epidermis cells (including stomatal guard cells).

Thank you: thank Mr. Liu Yanchi, a grower of Zhonglou in Yunlong County, Yunnan Province, for providing the new kind of information collected and providing transportation and accommodation for the author's on-the-spot investigation. For this reason, the new species is named after him. At the same time, I would like to thank Ms. Wang Ling of the Herbarium of Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences for drawing the ink diagram for this article.