Main diseases and insect pests of Camellia oleifera and their control measures

Main diseases and insect pests of Camellia oleifera and their control measures

1 main diseases and insect pests of Camellia oleifera

In the process of planting Camellia oleifera, there are many kinds of diseases and insect pests, the main diseases include anthrax, oil pollution, soft rot, wilt and other diseases, the main insect pests include: tea silkworm, blue-winged longicorn beetles and so on. At present, the phenomenon of diseases and insect pests of Camellia oleifera is more common. If the development of diseases and insect pests is allowed, it will adversely affect the production of Camellia oleifera, and even cause plant death, resulting in the loss of economic benefits of Camellia oleifera industry. After Camellia oleifera plants are infected with diseases and insect pests, the problems of withered buds, fallen leaves or immature fruits will occur, which will reduce the yield of Camellia oleifera by about 10%, which will restrict the production of Camellia oleifera to a certain extent and reduce its economic benefits. seriously affect the development of Camellia oleifera planting industry.

2 Technical measures for the control of diseases and insect pests of Camellia oleifera

In the process of prevention and control of diseases and insect pests of Camellia oleifera, attention should be paid to comprehensive control measures, which can be based on tree cultivation techniques, and then cultivate new varieties of Camellia oleifera to make them have certain anti-virus ability. under the combination of chemical, biological and various control techniques, create an environment conducive to the prevention and control of Camellia oleifera diseases and insect pests, enhance the control ability of Camellia oleifera diseases and insect pests, enhance the growth of trees and reduce the emergence of diseases and insect pests. And inhibit the spread of diseases and insect pests, so that Camellia oleifera diseases and insect pests can be effectively controlled.

1.1 rational application of planting techniques

Camellia oleifera plants like light, suitable for growing in a warm and humid environment, must ensure that the precipitation is above 1000mm, the degree of sunshine is about 1500h, and the humidity should be controlled at 77%, in order to ensure the healthy growth of Camellia oleifera. For the soil environment, we should choose deeper, fertile land, and good drainage, preferably acidic soil.

In the construction of Camellia oleifera forest, the relevant technicians should avoid wet and shady places and reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests. For Camellia oleifera forest with high density, we should pay attention to branch pruning so as to improve the ventilation of Camellia oleifera. In winter, to clean up the diseased fruits in the garden to remove the pathogens in the Camellia oleifera forest, especially the major diseases and insect pests, it is necessary to introduce varieties with high disease resistance and actively promote new varieties in the process of cultivation and breeding. to lay a good foundation for its development.

2.2 Chemical control techniques for diseases and insect pests of Camellia oleifera

At present, chemical control technology is the most widely used means to control diseases and insect pests of Camellia oleifera, which has the characteristics of convenient operation and remarkable effect. Therefore, in a large number of applications, we should pay attention to the following measures:

2.2.1 soft rot of Camellia oleifera. In order to improve the control effect, 1 ∶ 1 ∶ 120 Bordeaux solution or carbendazide should be sprayed at the initial stage of the disease.

2.2.2 Tea bag disease. Bordeaux solution or stone-sulfur mixture must be sprayed on Camellia oleifera plants to achieve the purpose of control.

2.2.3 anthracnose of Camellia oleifera. 0.2% bacillus should be used for seed dressing in the early stage of storage or sowing, and then 1 ∶ 1 ∶ Bordeaux solution + 1.5% low water of tea should be sprayed to effectively control the occurrence of anthracnose of Camellia oleifera.

2.2.4 Coal pollution disease. In summer, 0.5 ~ 1 °be stone sulfur mixture can be sprayed, and in winter, 3 ~ 5 °be stone sulfur mixture can be sprayed for prevention and control.

2.2.5 White silk disease of Camellia oleifera. At the beginning of the disease, it was irrigated with copper sulfate solution to prevent the spread of the disease and to control it effectively.

2.2.6 Tea silkworm. When the hatching rate of Camellia oleifera silkworm reaches 17%, it can be controlled by 10 billion / g 0.5kg / g Chrysobacterium spore powder mixed with water 100kg.

2.2.7 Spodoptera litura. With skimmed cotton dipped in dichlorvos, it was stuffed into the wormhole and sealed with mud to achieve the purpose of poisoning the larvae.

2.2.8 Tea longicorn beetles. Technicians can inject imidacloprid into trees with insects, and then use clay to seal the hole in order to better improve the quality of control.