Causes of cracking of watermelon cultivated in greenhouse cracking melon in field production period and harvest period

Causes of cracking of watermelon cultivated in greenhouse cracking melon in field production period and harvest period

The cracking problem of watermelon in greenhouse is also caused by abnormal development. in addition, abnormal development also includes deformity, hollow and hot ladle, if there is abnormal temperature, or poor pollination or uneven pollination, and so on, it will have a certain impact on the production of watermelon, so it is necessary to put forward a reasonable solution to solve the problems in the growth process and improve the yield and economic benefits of watermelon. Bring objective income to fruit growers.

First, the cause analysis of watermelon in greenhouse.

First of all, the reasons for cracking watermelons in greenhouse are as follows: varieties, among the varieties of cracked melons, as long as they include varieties of crisp, thin skin and small fruit, and because of the climate, the most suitable temperature for watermelon growth is 20 ~ 35 ℃, and the highest temperature is 43 ℃, which is within the suitable range. If the temperature continues to rise, the growth rate of watermelon will continue to accelerate, if the time process is too long, it will cause the phenomenon of cracking, and the low temperature for a long time will cause the slow growth of watermelon, which will cause certain cork in the pericarp. In case of sudden weather, the growth of watermelon will be too fierce or too slow. Therefore, the temperature for planting watermelon must be suitable and stable. Otherwise, it will cause adverse effects, either rapid expansion or abnormal slow development of low temperature.

The second is the control of moisture. In the process of water control, because we can not reasonably grasp the water demand of each stage, we should pay attention to the water demand in the process of vine extension, ensure sufficient water, control the water demand in the fruit period, and increase fertilization in the production period. if the unscientific water management is easy to produce the phenomenon of cracking melon, the economy of fruit growers will suffer serious losses. It is very important to keep the soil moist properly.

Finally, the fertilization period is unreasonable. The uneven proportion of fertilization or excessive amount of fertilizer will cause cracking, if the amount of fertilizer is too large, the root of watermelon will be damaged to a certain extent, and if the amount of fertilizer is too small, it will cause malnutrition in the process of watermelon production. The necessary water must be added in the process of fertilization, so that a certain concentration of soil solution can be maintained, otherwise the phenomenon of cracking melon will be caused by the inconsistent growth rate.

2. preventive measures for cracking in watermelon cultivation

(1) choose good varieties

In the process of planting watermelon, we must choose good varieties, so as to solve the problem of cracking melon from the root, and it is also the most important step to select varieties with strong disease resistance and crack resistance. Among these varieties, the mainstream varieties of small fruit melons include Xiaolan, early spring Hongyu, etc., and the varieties of medium fruit melons mainly include Jingxin, Zaojia, disease-resistant sumi and so on. After the investigation of the local soil conditions, Select the varieties suitable for local planting from a dazzling variety, so as to ensure the high yield of watermelon.

(2) Scientific pruning and retaining melons

In the process of pruning, if it is a small watermelon variety, it is necessary to leave a few more vines appropriately, reduce the transport of nutrients to the fruit, and effectively prevent the phenomenon of cracking melons. If cracking occurs, for better growing plants, you can leave 3 or 4 leaves in front of the melon. If necessary, leave a short section along the vines to evacuate the centralized transport of nutrients. In the fruiting part where the growth is more exuberant, part of the leaves need to be removed to avoid the accumulation of nutrients and effectively avoid the problem of cracked melons due to excessive growth. In the process of determining melons, young melons with small navel shape must be selected, otherwise it is easy to produce cracked melons from the navel.

(3) Scientific management and rational fertilization

In the process of management, the management method suitable for watermelon must be selected, reasonable fertilization must be carried out when necessary, and the base fertilizer must be of high quality, mainly ternary compound fertilizer, and more potash fertilizer can effectively improve the toughness of pericarp. At the same time, avoid that the soil is too dry during the expansion period, so watering must be balanced, avoid the sudden increase or sudden increase of water, stop the water supply one week before harvest, and prevent root damage from causing unnecessary effects on watermelons. in the process of management, necessary prevention of diseases and insect pests must be carried out to effectively ensure the quality of watermelons. It is best to choose the time of harvest in the afternoon to avoid vibration or beating, including in the process of harvesting and packaging, be sure to handle it gently to ensure the stability of the shelving position, and the ventilation of the storage space to avoid watermelon decay.