Cultivation techniques of asexual reproduction and pest control of tricolor privet

Cultivation techniques of asexual reproduction and pest control of tricolor privet

Ear picking nursery

The nursery selects slightly acidic, neutral and slightly alkaline soil, with good drainage and convenient transportation, and sets up a sunshade net with a shading rate of 65%. Ploughing, trenching, making bed, opening deep ditch around the field, leveling the nursery bed, the height difference between the center and the edge of the bed is less than 2cm, the width of the seedbed is 100cm, the length is generally 30 ~ 40m, the footpath is wide 40cm, deep 25cm, the footpath is low at both ends and slightly higher in the middle, forming a slope to ensure smooth drainage.

Transplanting 1-year-old dwarf seedlings, transplanting in early April, planting plant spacing 30cm, row spacing 30cm, about 5000 plants per mu, fixed-point burrow digging, cutting off excessive lateral roots, transplanting depth consistent with the depth of the original plant, compacting the roots with fine soil, watering the roots in time, and laying a layer of rice straw on the bed to keep moisture and prevent the growth of weeds.

Management in the slow seedling period to timely watering, in case of continuous sunny days to timely watering, in case of continuous rainy days to timely drainage. Full light was given to promote the Lignification of panicles. Fertilizer was applied 15 days after transplanting, and from March to August, urea or compound fertilizer was applied every half a month (N: P: Kraft 20: 20: 20), each time 15kg per mu. Urea or compound fertilizer was applied in combination with loosening soil and weeding, and applied between rows, whichever did not hurt the stems, branches and leaves of seedlings. The quick-acting fertilizer was applied immediately after ear harvesting in late June, 20kg per mu. Stop applying fast-acting fertilizer after September. From November to December, once rotten organic fertilizer was applied, 1500kg per mu, ditching and burying. Loosen the soil and weed in time to prevent the soil from hardening.

Multiplication

Dwarf grafting uses 1-year-old wax seedlings (seedling height 50 ~ 60cm, ground diameter 0.6 ~ 1cm) as rootstock, 'tricolor' privet branches as scion, grafting method in early April, rootstock root system is well developed, disease and insect pest-free, rootstock retention height 15 ~ 20cm, ear length 5 ~ 8cm, retention of 2 buds (opposite), ear cut cambium and rootstock incision cambium should be aligned, tight, bandaged, planted and maintained until the end of the year. Form 1-year-old dwarf seedlings.

High grafting uses 6 ~ 8-year-old privet seedlings (plant height 300 ~ 350cm, rice diameter 5 ~ 7cm) as rootstock, and the rootstock retains 200 ~ 220cm in height. 'tricolor' privet branches are used as scions and grafted in early April. Each grafted spike has more than 8 panicles, 5 ~ 8cm in length and 2 buds (opposite). The cambium of the spike incision should be aligned with the cambium of the rootstock incision, tight, bandaged and maintained for 2 years. Form high inoculation.

The cutting time of cutting ear is twice a year in Hangzhou area: from the first ten days to the middle of May and from the first ten days to the middle of October, the length of the ear is 4cm, and two buds are retained at the top of the ear (opposite). The matrix formula is vermiculite: peat: perlite: river sand = 5: 3: 1: 1. Acupoint plates, mesh bags and substrates were disinfected with 800 times potassium permanganate solution. Small arch shed material: bamboo sheet length 2m, width 2cm, film width 2m. Sensheng No. 1 (indoleacetic acid: naphthylacetic acid: ABT6 rooting powder = 2: 6: 2) plant rooting agent 1g was used and dissolved in 50ml alcohol for half an hour. Then pour 250g of water. The base of the spike was quickly dipped for 2 seconds. With cutting, with treatment, with cutting, try to shorten the time from cutting to cutting, and the cutting depth is about 2cm. The cuttings of hole plate and net bag were used, and one spike was cut in each hole and each net bag.

The seedling bed cutting spacing 4cm and row spacing 6cm were used, and the cutting density was based on the fact that the leaves did not cover each other after cutting. The cuttings were watered thoroughly. Foliar spray 1000 times carbendazim and anthrax Fumei mixture. Set up a small arch shed, cover it with plastic film and seal it around. One week after cutting, in the morning or evening on rainy or sunny days, the seedbed should be checked. The water content of the substrate is 60% ~ 70% of the saturated water content, and the air relative humidity is more than 95%. After 15 days of cutting, some panicles took root. When most panicle strips begin to root, the water content of the substrate should be appropriately reduced and kept at about 40% of the saturated water content. In sunny days, especially in summer and autumn, the temperature in the small arch shed should be controlled below 38 ℃, and the height above the small arch shed should be covered with sunshade net and spray cooling at the same time. About 50 days after cutting, when more than 80% of the panicles send out new roots, the film of the small arch shed can be completely removed. Under the condition of full light, combined with watering, water-soluble chemical fertilizer (1000 times of urea) was sprayed every 7 days and carefully maintained for 8 months to form hole plate seedlings, net bag seedlings and seedling bed seedlings [Jishan Huayao].

The common diseases for disease control are root rot and brown spot. Root rot harms the root system, making the root system brown and rotten, but also harming the branches, the light ones make the half branches sick, the serious ones the whole branches sick, and the leaves wither and wilt.

Prevention and treatment methods: remove diseased tips and diseased plants and burn them centrally. Control density, proper ventilation and light transmission. Strengthen management and increase phosphorus and potash fertilizer. At the initial stage of the disease, 50% carbendazim 500 times or 70% methyl topiramate 700-800 times, once a week, 2-3 times continuously. Brown spot harms leaves and branches and forms irregular brown spots. Brown mildew layer can be seen in the disease department when the humidity is high. Prevention and treatment: remove diseased branches and leaves and burn them centrally. Control the density and keep the room moderately ventilated and transparent. Properly increase the amount of fertilizer application to enhance plant disease resistance. At the initial stage of the disease, 50% acetaminophen 500 times, or 65% Dysen zinc 500 ~ 600 times, or 30% polyketone wettable powder 300 ~ 400 times, once a week, 2 ~ 3 times in a row.

Ear picking nursery

Dwarf rootstock

Dwarf joint

High scion

Dwarf grafted finished seedling

High grafting and budding in May

Panicle strips

Soft small container seedling