Seedling cultivation and artificial afforestation of yellow pineapple

Cultivation of Pineapple Seedlings and Artificial Afforestation Methods

1 Yellow pineapple growth habits

Pineapple belongs to deciduous tree, adult tree growth up to 20 m, tree diameter can grow to 50 cm, is an important military wood raw materials in China. Common yellow pineapple bark is light gray or dark gray, the endothelium is bright yellow, the seeds are obovate, slightly flat, 1000-grain weight is about 16 g, generally flowering in May-June, mature in September. According to the long-term production practice summary, yellow pineapple growth likes sunshine and moist soil, cold resistance is strong, which is also an important biological characteristic of the main production in Northeast China. However, the young seedlings of yellow pineapple are not resistant to frost, and if effective measures are not taken, they are easily frozen to death. In the natural growing yellow pineapple forest area, seedlings mostly grow on river banks, hillsides, forest edges and other areas.

2. Seedling cultivation and artificial afforestation of Pineapple

Pineapple is one of the most frequently used tree species in Northeast China in modern forestry engineering construction. After many years of seedling cultivation research and artificial afforestation exploration, certain achievements have been made, the seedling cultivation level of yellow pineapple has been obviously improved, and the scale of artificial afforestation and forest area are increasing year by year. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the state has taken a step forward in the development and protection of forestry, not only improving the speed of seedling cultivation and artificial afforestation, but also clarifying the quality of forestry development.

2.1 Scientific selection of seedling planting base, rational soil preparation

According to the growth habit of P. amurensis, it is better to choose the forest vacant land with more natural distribution as the seedling breeding base. Through field investigation and investigation of soil, loose and fertile forest land with deep soil layer and good drainage performance shall be selected to construct greenhouse and related supporting facilities for seedling cultivation, and the area with sunny leeward shall be selected as far as possible to provide favorable natural light for seedling growth. After selecting a good nursery base, surface debris should be removed and then the soil should be deeply ploughed. If it is poor soil, it should be applied to the base fertilizer during deep ploughing, generally 4000 kg/667 m2 of farm organic fertilizer is appropriate. Finally, the tilled plot must be leveled, and the tilled plot must be kept loose until sowing.

2.2 Good use of germination techniques and sowing measures

According to the cultivation techniques and production experience of yellow pineapple seedlings, the sowing and seedling of yellow pineapple in Northeast China can be carried out in spring or autumn. Autumn sowing generally does not require special seed treatment, while spring sowing requires seed treatment. According to the related art, yellow pineapple seeds for sowing in spring should be uniformly mixed and buried with sand in autumn of the first year, the ratio of seeds to sand is preferably 1:2, uniformly mixed and then buried outdoors in pits according to the volume of the mixture, and covered with soil until it is level with the ground soil layer.

When sowing in the spring of the second year, the mixture of seeds and sand is dug out first, and germination is carried out in a greenhouse, and the seeds are turned 2 to 3 times a day, and sowing can be carried out when 1/3 of the yellow pineapple seeds sprout. When sowing, ridge forming method shall be adopted, and the width of each ridge shall be 10 cm. After sowing seeds evenly, cover a layer of fine soil of about 2 cm to suppress seeds. It is best to sprinkle appropriate amount of water to keep the soil moist until emergence [1]. Commercial yellow pineapple seedling sowing generally used spring sowing, its emergence time is short, seedling growth quality is good. Especially in the present stage of yellow pineapple artificial afforestation environment, afforestation area is large, the number of seedlings needed is large, the quality requirements are high, basically all are yellow pineapple seedlings cultivated by spring sowing. Autumn sowing method is roughly the same as spring sowing, but do not need to treat seeds, other conditions are the same.

2.3 Implement forest tending work and strengthen forest protection measures

In the artificial afforestation operation of yellow pineapple, healthy seedlings are selected when planting, and the healthy seedlings growing for 2~3 years are the best. The plant spacing is 2 m, and the row spacing can be 3 m or 4 m. The specific conditions are determined according to the forest land and the shape and size of the seedlings. It is best to select seedlings of the same specification from the same seedling base in the woodland of the same area and cultivate them in the shortest time. Within 7 days after planting, the survival of seedlings should be checked in time and seedlings should be replenished in time. In addition, the tending work of forest areas should be carried out item by item, watering and irrigating at appropriate times, adding fertilizer at appropriate times, and keeping the soil moist and nutritious. Before fertilization and irrigation, weeds and other non-target species should be removed from the woodland, and the soil around the roots of yellow pineapple seedlings should be loosened, which can not only ensure the efficiency of water use, but also reduce the input of production resources. When the seedlings of Pineapple grow stably, in addition to tending on time and ecological thinning, forest protection must be strengthened.