Ecological cultivation techniques of Cardamine Waxberry in Nanlian Village

Ecological cultivation techniques of Waxberry "Cardamine" in Nanlian Village

A large number of water chestnut species of red bayberry have been selected and bred in Nanlian rural areas, which are locally named "Chinese chestnut" (meaning of water chestnut species of Cicheng, harmony with the sound of "Cixi"). And in 2008, it was recognized by the Forestry Department of Zhejiang Province (valid for 3 years). According to the investigation, the large "water chestnut" species of red bayberry is purplish black, and the most prominent feature is that the fruit shape is larger, with a single fruit weight and fruit diameter of 14. 5% respectively. 25 grams and 3 centimeters, which are significantly larger than the single fruit weight of common chestnut species in the same orchard (9. 05 grams) and fruit diameter (2. 55 cm). Through the detection of the fruit of Chinese chestnut and common water chestnut, except for the content of catalpol citric acid, there was no significant difference in fruit weight, fruit diameter, total anthocyanin, fruit juice, pH value, soluble solids (SS C 13.31%) and soluble sugar (125.97 mg / ml). Organic acids (10.04 mg / ml) are significantly larger than or higher than the common water chestnut species of red bayberry, more obvious in appearance, higher hardness, more resistant to transportation and storage.

Southern Union can not produce such an excellent bayberry, can not do without the unique local microclimate, but also can not do without the careful cultivation of M.G.K. Menon. According to Fu Mingliang, chairman of the Jiangbei District Cody Waxberry Professional Cooperative, the "Mingliang" brand big "water chestnut" species of red bayberry cultivated by the club has successfully applied for green food and won the "Ten famous fruits" Gold Award of Ningbo Forestry Bureau and the biggest Fruit Award in the Waxberry Competition. In Nanlian Village, villagers are generally able to cultivate such a big bayberry. Generally speaking, the selling price of red bayberry is 20 ~ 25 yuan per 500 grams, and the highest can be up to 200 yuan. M.G.K. Menon generally earns more than 50,000 yuan a year, which is a magic weapon for local farmers to get rich. Through the summary of the local M.G.K. Menon cultivation techniques, it is summarized into five key points:

1. Ploughing and weeding

For adult fruit trees, the soil was loosened by shallow ploughing for 2 or 3 times a year, and the soil was turned over with soil improvement before the middle of March. Miscellaneous shrubs were removed within 2 meters in diameter before fruit picking, and the loose soil remained weed-free after harvest. The sloping land should use the "natural grass method", that is, after removing miscellaneous shrubs and perennial grass accessories when turning the soil in winter, annual grass accessories should be allowed to grow naturally, and only trees and grass should be cut off before harvest to harvest in the county. Soil grass protects against drought before summer drought. Weeds, vines and shrubs under the forest are removed by hand, such as pulling, weeding, cutting, cutting and other manual methods, without the use of herbicides such as glyphosate.

2. Timely pruning

It can be trimmed except for the hanging fruit period. It is suitable for pruning from late October to March of the following year, the overgrown branches are all deleted in the dense parts of the branches, and the empty parts can be cut short to culture the fruiting branches. Overdense branches, cross branches and diseased branches should be cut off from the base. The growth of the central trunk is exuberant, and the strong and weak can be used to "change the head" to make the central trunk zigzag. If there are too many thick and strong branches in the upper part of the crown, 2 ~ 3 strong branches can be removed and the crown "open skylight" can be carried out to evenly distribute the branches of bayberry trees, so as to achieve the effect of wind energy, sun and dew blowing dry.

3. Attach importance to flower thinning

In the full bloom of red bayberry, more than 1 / 3 of the flowers are withered, and the flower thinning agent is used to reduce the flowers. Generally, each packet of 40 grams of bayberry flower thinning agent, first stir well with a small amount of warm water, and then dilute it with 1.2 kilograms of clear water. Special attention should be paid to the spraying time, the general flowering period needs to go up the mountain every day to observe, when the flower color is bright red, it is not sprayed, and when the female flower color changes color, it is sprayed to get rid of 6/10 of the inflorescence.

4. A small amount of fruit thinning

After spraying flower thinning agent, if the fruit setting rate is still very smelling, the fruit must be thinned manually. If the fruit is sparse early and hook, the fruit will be of good quality.

Generally speaking, there are 4 ~ 5 long fruit branches with more than 1.5 cm, 3 ~ 4 middle fruit branches with 15 cm and 2 short fruit branches with less than 5 cm. At the same time, remove small fruit, disease and insect fruit, Kawasaki fruit.

5. Scientific fertilization

Fertilizing 2 ~ 3 times in a year, the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in general fruit tree is 4: 1:5, compound fertilizer can be applied when plants begin to grow in March or when bayberry and soybean are big in early June. 5 kg for adult trees and 0. 5 kg for small trees. 5 kg, the use of chlorine-containing fertilizer is prohibited. The basic fertilizer of autumn and winter was applied in October and 25kg of coke mud ash and soil fertilizer was used in December.