Growth and fruiting habits and High-yielding cultivation techniques of Allen Yulik Lemon

Growth and fruiting habits and High-yielding cultivation techniques of Allen Yulik Lemon

1 biological habits

1.1 morphological characteristics Allen Yurik lemon belongs to the citrus genus of Rutaceae, the tree is strong, and the tree shape is irregular round head; the germination rate and branch formation rate are strong, and strong long branches are often formed on the periphery of the crown, and the branches are spiny and long; the new shoots, tender leaves and buds are all purple, and the branches and leaves turn green and the petals turn white with the growth and maturity. Blossom and bear fruit three times a year, mainly spring and summer flowers and fruits, autumn flowers and fruits are often removed because of fruit drop and growth hindrance in winter, the fruit is long oval, the top of the pedicel is prominent, lemon yellow when ripe, with a pleasant fragrance.

1.2 the phenological phase of Ellen Yulik lemon began to sprout in the first and middle of March in Zigui County, and spring shoots appeared in early April. The early flowering stage of spring flowers is late April and the full blooming period is early May. Due to the early summer shoots and summer shoots, summer flowers are irregular, most of them are concentrated in the middle of June, and autumn flowers are mainly in the first and middle of September. Spring flowers and fruits mature in mid-late November, while summer flowers and fruits mature in late December.

1.3 experiments on agronomic and yield characters to cultivate Allen Yulike lemon on Fructus Aurantii rootstock for 3 years, the 667m2 yield reached 750 kg in 4 years, the crown was restored in 2 years, the 667m2 yield reached 1200 kg in 3 years, and the 667m2 yield was more than 2000kg after high yield.

1.4 quality traits Alan Yulik lemon peel is thick and hard, golden yellow and resistant to storage. The average single fruit weight is 118g, the fruit shape index is 1.41, the pericarp thickness is 0.54mm, the titratable acid content per 100mL juice is 5.99g, the soluble solids content is 8.5%, and the juice rate (juice / single fruit weight) is 27.1%.

1.5 the resistance character of Allen Yulik lemon is poor in disease resistance and cold tolerance, and it is best to plant in the area with no frost or very short frost period below 350m above sea level in the three Gorges Reservoir area. There are no special requirements for soil fertilizer and water, but meeting the demand of fertilizer and water and increasing the application of organic matter such as organic fertilizer can improve the disease resistance and cold resistance of trees.

2 key points of high-yield cultivation techniques

2.1 planting of virus-free strong seedlings is the prerequisite for high yield. as Allen Yulik lemon has poor disease resistance, it is particularly important to select virus-free container seedlings. At the same time, seedlings are required to have well-developed roots, strong branches, full bud eyes, and good interface between rootstock and scion.

2.2 the promotion of soil organic matter is the basis for high yield. there are common problems of poor soil fertility, poor permeability and insufficient fertility in the three Gorges reservoir area. in order to ensure the high and stable yield of Allen Yulik lemon, it is necessary to increase the application of organic fertilizer in winter and grow grass in the orchard. Tree plate mowing cover and other organic matter promotion technical measures.

2.3 when the reasonable tree shape structure is the key to high yield, the yield of the overgrown trees is very low, which is mainly manifested in that the trees with scattered trees have more fruiting branches, more terminal buds and more fruit in the middle and lower part of the crown. In the fixed dry height, the fruit appearance quality of the fruit trees with slightly higher fixed drying was better, and the fruit surface finish and fruit surface insect spots were significantly lower than those of the trees with lower fixed drying, which mainly avoided the splashing of the middle and lower fruits and soil in rainy days, and reduced the frequency of diseases and insect pests.

2.4 Disease and pest control is the guarantee of high yield and high quality Alan Yulik lemon is easy to be harmed by red spider and yellow spider, serious leaves lose green or the whole tree leaves fall, resulting in tree potential decline and yield decline. therefore, we must attach great importance to garden cleaning and biological control in winter, and increase the release of predatory mites in the key phenological period.

3 discussion

The observation of introduction experiment shows that the mature period of Allen Yulik lemon is one month later than that of Yulik lemon in Guangdong and about 15 days later than that in Sichuan. Bagging measures can be tried to promote early picking during cultivation. Lemon has the medical effects of clearing heat, sterilization, appetizer, resolving phlegm and relieving cough, as well as the cosmetic effect of moisturizing, beautifying and eliminating peculiar smell [3]. It has high market recognition and broad market prospect, and has good adaptability in Zigui County. In the future, Allen Yulik lemon will be developed on an appropriate scale in Zigui County as a characteristic variety.