Five shaping and pruning techniques of Waxberry

A Study on the Technique of Pruning Myrica rubra

Myrica rubra is a perennial, multi-branched plant. Adult trees due to natural growth, extensive management, resulting in unscientific tree structure, growth and fruit imbalance, high quality fruit rate is not high. The technology fully utilizes light energy and space by adopting measures such as thinning, shortening, retracting, wiping shoots, girdling, cutting roots and the like, so that the crown of the bayberry plant is dwarfed and opened, and the fruit is produced vertically, internally and externally.

1 "Five Look" plastic pruning method steps

1.1 Look at the tree height.

Crown height limit. The canopy height of flat land shall be controlled within 3.5m, and that of mountain shall be controlled within 2.5m. The part of shoot exceeding height or height lower than 0.3m above ground shall be pruned and removed annually.

1.2 Look at the branches.

Myrica rubra tree crown consists of trunk (individual tree does not have), main branch, auxiliary main branch, lateral branch and fruiting branch group. Drill into the lower part of the canopy and look up at the whole tree. According to the tree shape requirements of natural open heart shape or low trunk scattered layering shape, 3~4 large branches with appropriate orientation are selected from the large branches branched from the trunk as main branches; then 2~3 auxiliary main branches are equipped on both sides of each main branch; lateral branches and fruiting branches are reserved on the auxiliary main branches. Cultivate the "branches" into an orderly arrangement, clearly subordinate, extending around and above.

1.3 Look at the tree.

Compared with high quality trees such as low trunk natural open heart shape or low trunk scattered layered shape, the outer wave shape with open lower part, concave and convex middle part and sufficient light at upper part was created, and the branches affecting light path irradiation were thinned or truncated to make the whole tree leaves see light.

1.4 Look at the tree.

Cultivation of moderate tree vigor, using thinning, cutting, retraction, root cutting, ring cutting and other methods to deal with strong branches, vigorous branches, upright branches and thin weak branches, aging branches.

1.5 Look at "Time".

Sophisticated choice of pruning time. Saw big branches in summer, cut twigs in spring and autumn. In summer (mid-June ~ early July), saw erect large branches and disturb strong branches of tree shape; in spring (mid-late March and mid-April), retract branches moving outward from fruiting position, thinning dead branches in bore, dense branches, thinning or truncating branches with too many fruits; in autumn (November), thinning and truncating short erect twigs, strong branches and strong flowers above 30cm, as well as excessive and strong vegetative branches and late autumn shoots. The upper part of the tree crown is "strong and weak", and the lower part is "weak and strong".

2 "Five Look" plastic pruning precautions

2.1 Tree transformation completed annually

In summer, only 1~3 main branch-like branches and 2~4 auxiliary main branch-like thick branches are sawn every year. If the branch angle is not enough, adjust it by supporting, pulling and hanging.

2.2 The amount of pruning depends on the tree

The pruning amount of annual trees and weak trees is 1/4~1/3 of the whole tree leaves, and that of young trees and dominant trees is 1/6~1/5. 2.3 When sawing big branches, it is not appropriate to leave piles. When sawing big branches, it is necessary to saw or cut off from the base of big branches, leaving no pile head and reducing new shoots. Sawn surface should be slightly downward slope, and coated wound healing agent to protect the wound. First saw a small circle under the branch with a hand saw, and then saw it down slightly from the upper part of the bifurcation point [Jishan Huayao].

2.4 strict tip control

After sawn big branches in summer, shoot out near sawn and cut, select 2~3 strong shoots by using space and cultivate fruiting mother branches. Remove excess shoots in time.

2.5 Strengthen cultivation management

Timely do a good job in soil fertilizer and water, flower and fruit protection, pest control and other management work to ensure that "shaping pruning" to achieve the expected effect. After pruning, the overall requirements are that the crown spacing between trees is ≥20cm, there is a light path of more than 50cm between rows, the crown height is controlled within 2.5 m ~ 3.5 m, the trunk height is 30cm~40cm, the tree body has 3~4 main branches evenly arranged, each main branch has 2~3 auxiliary main branches staggered with each other, the branch angle of the main branch and the auxiliary main branch is ≥45°, the tree body is dwarfed, the crown is opened, and a natural open shape or a low trunk scattered layered shape is formed.