Study on Seedling raising technique of Cinnamomum camphora with Light substrate net bag

Study on Seedling raising technique of Cinnamomum camphora with Light substrate net bag

Cinnamomum camphora [Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Presl.] It is a large evergreen tree of Lauraceae. It is an excellent spice, valuable wood and street greening tree species. In recent years, it has gradually become one of the main afforestation tree species in Fujian Province. The seedlings of Cinnamomum camphora traditional afforestation are one-year-old bare-root seedlings, the afforestation time is restricted by the season, the slow seedling period is long, and the survival rate is relatively low. Therefore, to explore the new mode of camphor seedling cultivation and cultivate camphor container seedlings with low price and high quality has become a new topic for forestry workers [1]. The technology of camphor seedling cultivation and afforestation has been reported more and more in China, but it is rarely reported in light substrate net bag. In this paper, through a series of technical measures, such as root cutting, rooting agent treatment after root cutting and transplanting substrate ratio, the technical scheme of camphor light substrate net bag seedling cultivation was analyzed and summarized for reference.

1 materials and methods

1.1 Overview of the experimental site

The test site is located in Xichan forestry nursery, Wenfeng Town, Pinghe County, Fujian Province. it belongs to subtropical monsoon humid climate, with an average temperature of 21 ℃, an average annual relative humidity of 80%, a frost-free period of more than 330 days, an average rainfall of about 1 500 to 1 800 mm, and an average annual sunshine hours of 2025 hours. In terms of traffic in the nursery, there is sufficient water, a simple shade shed is built, the height of the simple shade shed is 2.5 m, the shading rate of the sunshade net is 75%, and the sunshade net can be retracted and put.

1.2 seed sources

The seeds come from the seedling station of Zhangzhou Forestry Bureau, and the quality is above the second grade required by GB7908. The seeds are picked in winter in 2015.

1.3 Test methods

1.3.1 Seedling cultivation

Before sowing, the seeds were soaked in 1000-fold solution of carbendazim for 10 min, then soaked in warm water of 35 ℃ for 40 min, then spread evenly on a clean sand bed and covered with a layer of river sand, which was just thicker than the seeds. After sowing, cover with straw to keep warm and moisturize. When the seedlings break the soil, remove the straw and transplant when the seedlings grow to about 8 cm.

1.3.2 Seedling transplantation

The seedlings with a height of about 8-10 cm on the sand bed were gently pulled up and placed neatly. After root-cutting treatment was carried out according to the experimental design, the roots of the seedlings were soaked in different concentrations of ABT1 rooting agent solution 1min, and then the seedlings were transplanted into a prepared light matrix mesh bag and watered thoroughly. The diameter of the net bag was 5.5 cm × height 10 cm, and the net bag material was easily degradable non-woven.

1.3.3 Post-transplanting management

Within 5 months after transplanting, shade with a shading rate of 75% to avoid sunburn, gradually increased light after 5 months of transplanting, and no shade after 6 months of transplanting. Within 2 months of transplanting, the leaves were drenched with 1000-fold solution of diammonium phosphate (N-P2O5=18-46) every 15 days, and once every 15 days with compound fertilizer (N-P2O5-K2O=15-15-15) for 7 months. After fertilization, the residual fertilizer in the leaves was washed with clean water.

1.4 Experimental design

In this paper, according to many years' seedling raising experience and related literature, three factors, such as seedling root cutting strength, substrate ratio and ABT1 rooting agent, were used as experimental factors, and L9 (34) orthogonal table was selected to arrange [5-6] experiment. Each factor and level setting are shown in Table 1. The experimental indexes were survival rate, seedling height, ground diameter and the number of first-order lateral roots longer than 5 cm. A total of 9 treatments were designed, and 200 seedlings were planted in each treatment. The transplanting time of seedlings was April 17, 2016. the survival rate was investigated after 100 days of transplanting.

Table 1 Test factors and levels

2 results and analysis

2.1 effects of different treatments on the growth of Cinnamomum camphora seedlings

It can be seen from Table 2 that the survival rate of Cinnamomum camphora seedlings in all treatments is higher than 94%, of which treatment 5 is the highest, up to 99%; the seedling height is more than 45 cm, of which treatment 4 is the highest, which is 54.5 cm, and the ground diameter is more than 5 mm. Among them, treatment 7 and treatment 9 are the largest, both are 6.0 cm, and the number of primary lateral roots longer than 5 cm is more than 14, of which treatment 4 is the most.

Table 2 Test scheme and results

2.2 effects of different factors and levels on the growth of Cinnamomum camphora seedlings

As can be seen from Table 3, from the effect of root cutting intensity (A factor), the average survival rate, average seedling height and average ground diameter of Cinnamomum camphora seedlings are A3, and the average number of first-order lateral roots longer than 5 cm is A2. From the influence of different substrate ratio (B factor), the average survival rate B2 is the highest, the average seedling height B1 is the highest, the ground diameter B2 is the largest, and the first-order lateral root number is B1. According to the influence of different concentrations of ABT1 rooting promoter (C factor), the survival rate of Cinnamomum camphora seedlings was the highest, the average seedling height C2 was the highest, the ground diameter was C2 and C3 was 5.7 cm, and the number of primary lateral roots was 17.2.

Table 3 Analysis of orthogonal test results

In order to further analyze the effects of different factors on the growth of Cinnamomum camphora light matrix net bag seedlings, the test results in Table 3 were analyzed by variance analysis and Table 4 was obtained. It can be seen from Table 4 that factor A has a significant effect on the number of primary lateral roots of Cinnamomum camphora seedlings, has a significant effect on the ground diameter, and has no significant effect on the survival rate and seedling height, while factor B has no significant effect on the four assessment indexes of Cinnamomum camphora seedlings. Factor C has a significant effect on the number of primary lateral roots of Cinnamomum camphora seedlings, but has no significant effect on survival rate, seedling height and ground diameter, so the primary and secondary relationship between the three factors on the growth of Cinnamomum camphora seedlings is factor A → factor C → factor B, that is, root cutting strength → ABT1 concentration → matrix ratio.

Table 4 effects of different factors on the growth of Cinnamomum camphora seedlings

F0.05 (2jue 2) = 19recom F0.01 (2jue 2) = 99.

3 summary and discussion

The effects of root cutting intensity, substrate ratio and ABT1 rooting agent concentration on the growth of Cinnamomum camphora seedlings were studied. the results showed that the root cutting intensity (factor A) [Jishan Huayao] had no significant effect on the survival rate and height of camphor seedlings, but had a significant effect on the growth of ground diameter, but had a significant effect on the number of primary lateral roots and seedling height. The results showed that the root cutting treatment before transplanting could promote the ground diameter and lateral root growth of Cinnamomum camphora seedlings, in which the root cutting intensity was 1 mm, the average ground diameter of Cinnamomum camphora seedlings was 6 mm, the root cutting intensity was 1 × 3, and the average number of primary lateral roots was 18, followed by 1x2, the average number of primary lateral roots was 17.4, and the average number of primary lateral roots was only 14.7. The medium ratio (factor B) had no significant effect on survival rate, seedling height, basal diameter and lateral roots, while ABT1 rooting agent (factor B) had no significant effect on the survival rate, seedling height and basal diameter of Cinnamomum camphora seedlings, but had a significant effect on the number of lateral roots, in which the number of lateral roots of seedlings treated with 100mg.kg-1 rooting agent ABT1 was the most, up to 17.2, while the number of lateral roots of seedlings without ABT1 rooting agent was the least.

The primary and secondary relationship of the effects of various factors on the growth of camphor seedlings is as follows: the rooting intensity → ABT1 rooting agent concentration → matrix ratio, in which the best treatment combination is A2B2C2, that is, the seedling main root is removed 1 ∶ 3, the substrate ratio is peat soil ∶ sawdust = 1 ∶ 1, and the rooting agent concentration of ABT1 is 100 mg.kg-1. The effect of camphor light substrate net bag seedling is the best, the survival rate can reach 99%, and the lateral root is developed.

The seedlings of Cinnamomum camphora were cultivated with light matrix net bag, and the root system was well developed. after 6 seedlings were transplanted, more roots were distributed along the edge of the matrix net bag. after transplanting 10, the camphor root system has formed a complete root mass with the light matrix net bag. in the process of transportation, transportation and afforestation, it is light in weight and convenient for transportation and uphill afforestation.