Effect of Summer pruning on the growth and fruiting of Young Fengdan

Effect of Summer pruning on the growth and fruiting of Young Fengdan

Fund projects: Jiangsu Agricultural Independent Innovation Fund Project "Integrated Innovation of Safety production Technology of Oil Peony" (CX [14] 2135); twinning Science and Technology Service Project of Suzhou Agricultural Vocational and Technical College "Research on cultivation Technology of High quality Seedling of Oil Peony" (JD201625)

Oil peony is a kind of woody oil crop, which has the advantages of high oil content, high quality, high output and low cost. At present, the main oil peonies are Paeonia ostii and purple spot peony, of which Fengdan (Fengdan) belongs to the Jiangnan peony variety group and is suitable for growth in the Yangtze River basin. Since peony seed oil was listed as a new resource food by the National Health and Family Planning Commission in 2011, the research on the cultivation techniques of oil peony is still in its infancy, although there are some reports on the cultivation of oil peony [2-3]. But it's basically a summary of experience. In fruit trees, shaping and pruning can control the early yield, increase the growth of branches and leaves, and promote the high and stable yield of fruit trees in the later stage. As for the young oil peony, there is a lack of research on whether it can reduce the early yield by removing flowers and fruits to increase the late yield of the tree. Taking 3-year-old Fengdan (oil peony) as the experimental material, the effects of different pruning methods on the vegetative growth and yield of oil peony in summer were studied, and the summer pruning techniques of young oil peony were explored. the aim is to provide basis for high-yield cultivation of oil peony.

1 materials and methods

1.1 Materials

The experimental site is located in the oil peony production base of Changshu Jiasheng Agricultural Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd., which is located in the middle latitudes and belongs to the subtropical monsoon climate with four distinct seasons, mild climate and abundant rainfall. The average annual total sunshine hours is 2 130.2 hours, accounting for 48% of the available hours; the annual average temperature is 15.4 ℃; and the average annual precipitation is 1,054 mm. The soil is sandy clay loam, which is deep and fertile. The tested material is a 3-year-old Fengdan plant planted in 2014, with a ground diameter of 0.8 cm and a height of 50 cm.

The row spacing is 0.6 m × 0.8 m, and the management level is the same.

1.2 method

1.2.1 in May 2015, 360 plants with basically the same growth potential were selected as test materials and divided into 4 groups with 90 plants in each group. As shown in Table 1, the statistical results of the four groups of oil peonies showed that the growth conditions of plant height and dry diameter were the same. The fruiting branches were pruned in four different degrees: (1) removal of the apical fruit, (2) removal of the terminal fruit + 3 branches and leaves in the upper part of the fruiting branch, (3) removal of the terminal fruit + 3 branches and leaves in the upper part of the fruiting branch, and (4) the fruiting branch without any pruning treatment (i.e. slow release treatment) as the control.

Table 1 growth basis cm of peony population for oil test

The data is mean ±standard error, and the same lowercase letters indicate that there is no significant difference (P > 0.05).

1.2.2 investigation methods in January 2016, the plant height, dry diameter, dry height, leaf bud number and flower bud number of each treatment were investigated. In May 2016, the crown width (east-west width × north-south width), tip length and thickness were investigated. At the beginning of August 2016, the fruit number, pod number / follicle number, seed yield / follicle number and other indexes of each treated branch were investigated when the peony fruit matured.

2 results and analysis

2.1 effects of different pruning treatments on vegetative growth of Fengdan Young trees in Summer

The results (see Table 2) showed that there was no significant difference in plant height, dry diameter and dry height between the plant and the control in the second year after removing the top fruit, indicating that the removal of fruit could not promote the vegetative growth of the tree. However, with the increase of the amount of branches removed, the plant height, dry diameter and dry height decreased accordingly.

Table 2 effect of summer pruning on plant growth of Fengdan in the same year cm

The data is mean ±standard error, and there are significant differences among different lowercase letters (P