Cutting Seedling technique of Young shoot of Forsythia suspensa

Cutting Seedling technique of Young shoot of Forsythia suspensa

Forsythia suspensa is a deciduous shrub, up to 2 meters high, with clustered branches, spreading branches, yellow branchlets, opposite leaves, ovate, 3 ~ 9 cm long, and the leaves gradually turn from light green to golden yellow. In Shenyang area, it blossoms in the first and middle of April, the flowers are yellow, and 3 flowers are born in leaf axils. The capsule is ovoid and ripe from late July to early September. The yellow flowers in the first and middle of April and the golden leaves from May to September are very beautiful, which are planted in the side of the house, courtyard, scenic spot and green space as landscaping.

I. Hardwood cutting propagation

1. Insert preparation

In the first and middle of April, select a high and flat land and make a low bed with a length of 10 to 15 meters and a width of 1. 0 to 1. 2 meters in the north-south direction or other bed directions. 2 meters, 5 centimeters deep. The matrix in the bed is coarse river sand or sandy loam of the original bed, with a thickness of 8cm and 10cm, with solid ridges at both ends. The width of the operating track is 30cm to 35cm.

two。 Selection and storage of cuttings

From January to February, combined with shaping and pruning, the annual branches with a base thickness of more than 3 mm and no frost damage were cut from 4-year-old 6-year-old plants, and the cuttings were stored in shady places such as caves and vegetable cellars at a suitable temperature of-10 ~ 5 ℃. At the same time, the cuttings were sealed with wet sand.

3. Cutting and rooting treatment of cuttings

In the first and middle of April, the cuttings were taken out and cut according to the length of 8 cm to 10 cm. The apical bud is 1. 0 cm away from the upper cut. 0-1.2 cm, the terminal bud should be full, whether there are buds in the middle and lower ends. Indolebutyric acid solution with a concentration of 50 mg / L was prepared and placed in a flat-bottomed plastic basin with a depth of 3 cm to 5 cm. The base of the cuttings was extended to 2 cm in length and dipped in the solution for 48 hours. Forsythia suspensa is easy to root and can be treated without rooting element, but the rooting time, number and length are not as good as those treated with rooting element.

4. Covered with agricultural film

When the black agricultural film is pressed on the bed substrate, its function is to rapidly increase and maintain the substrate temperature after cutting, but also to maintain humidity, which is more conducive to the rooting of the base of the cuttings; in addition, the black film can also reduce the number of bed weeds in the growing season.

5. Cuttage

In the middle of April, a sharpened hard bamboo stick was used to insert holes upright on the agricultural film substrate at a distance of 8 cm to 10 cm. The treated cuttings were inserted into the holes, and the substrate was compacted by hand to prevent the cuttings from askew, the plant spacing was 5 cm 6 cm, and the cutting depth was 2 cm higher than that of plastic film.

6. Plug-in management

Immediately after cutting, water the bed surface to keep the substrate moist. From June to July, if you encounter excessive dry weather, you should water the bed. Pull out weeds in time during the growing season. In the middle and late July, the concentration of spraying on the seedlings for 1 time and 2 times was 0. 5%. 4% urea, foliar spraying 0. 5% from late August to early September. 5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution.

In the first ten days of November, if you are not ready to plant or transplant seedlings, you should pour overwintering drought-proof water into the bed once, and the depth of the soaking matrix is more than 10 cm. The survival rate of hardwood cuttings can generally reach about 85%, the root length is 8 cm, the root quantity is 6 cm, the average height of aboveground stem is 40 cm, and the ground diameter is 2 mm.

2. Cultivation of large seedlings

Young shoot cuttings can not be directly used for landscaping because the seedlings are small, so they should be transplanted and managed in the nursery for about 3 years before they can be used for landscaping.

1. Transplant site selection

As a transplanting site, it can be flat land or gentle slope land. The soil texture is required to be sandy loam to heavy loam, the growth of seedlings in over-sticky or sandy land is poor, and the thickness of soil layer is more than 30 cm. If the slope, the south slope and east-west slope is better, the north slope should be a gentle slope. The content of soil organic matter should reach 0. 5%. More than 5%. Forsythia is not suitable for continuous cropping.

two。 Soil preparation and fertilization

Remove sundries, spread humus soil or semi-rotten farm manure evenly on the surface, apply not less than 3 cubic meters per mu, rotary ploughing with tractors at a depth of 20 centimeters, and ridge at a distance of 70 centimeters and a ridge of 20 centimeters. The time of land preparation is from the end of October to mid-November or from the end of March to mid-April.

3. Excavation and treatment of seedlings

The seedlings were started 2-3 days before transplanting, and were divided into 2-3 grades according to the size of seedlings, so that they could be planted according to the size of seedlings. The length of the root system is about 10 cm. Soak the roots or whole seedlings in 10-20 ℃ cold water for 20 hours.

4. Transplant

For the first transplant, according to the 40 cm × 70 cm plant and row spacing, dig a hole 15 cm deep and 20 cm wide, and put the seedling root into the hole. 4 × 6 seedlings should be placed in each hole, and more seedlings can be put into the pier quickly (1 × 2 seedlings can also be placed in each hole, but the pier is slow). After releasing the seedlings, the soil should be filled and the seedling depth should be 5 ~ 10 cm lower than that of the long table. After 2-3 years of seedling growth, the seedlings were retained and replanted according to 80 cm × 70 cm, that is, the newly planted seedlings were retained at one stump, and the other seedlings were dug out and planted according to the row spacing of 70 cm × 80 cm. The suitable period for seedling transplantation is April or October to November.

5. Watering

After the first transplanting or the second transplanting, the seedlings should be filled with enough water into the pits or trenches within 3 days after planting, soaking the topsoil 20cm to 30cm deep.

6. Topdressing

In the third to fifth year of seedling planting, in the middle of April, 8 cm from the root neck of the seedling, a hole 3 cm deep was planed on the surface of the tree, and fertilizers such as urea or diammonium were applied inward, applying 50 grams per plant.

7. Pruning and killing insects

After 3 ~ 5 years of seedling planting, the seedlings have grown to a certain height and crown width. in order to promote the multiple branches to obtain a more satisfactory plant type, the upper branch should be cut off in a spherical or other shape 2 ~ 3 months before the bud germination, and the length of the pruning is 3 cm to 6 cm.

From May to August, if leaf-eating or juice-sucking pests, such as caterpillars and aphids, are found, 40% oxycyanide 1500 × 2000 liquid can be sprayed to kill.

When the growth height and crown width of the seedlings reach more than 70 cm, they can be used for landscaping. [Jishan Huayao]