What are the common ornamental species of Cymbidium in Orchidaceae? The original species and varieties of dipper orchid are

What are the common ornamental species of Cymbidium in Orchidaceae? The original species and varieties of dipper orchid are

▲ 'yellow flower' dipper orchid Cypripedium 'Multiflower Yellow'

▼ big flower ladle orchid Cypripedium macranthos

The genus Cymbidium of Orchidaceae are all terrestrial herbs with transverse rhizomes and many thicker fibrous roots. Stems erect, leaves 2 to several, alternate, subopposite or opposite, sometimes near ground; leaves mostly elliptic to ovate, less cordate or fan-shaped, with folded veins, radial veins or 3 main veins, sometimes with black-purple spots. Inflorescences terminal, mostly simple, a few with 2-3 flowers, rarely 5-7-flowered; floral bracts usually leaflike, significantly smaller than leaves; flowers large, mostly beautiful; middle sepals erect or oblique above lip; 2 lateral sepals usually connate into sepals, separated only below apex, rarely completely free; petals spreading, drooping or embracing lip, sometimes twisted The labellum is deep saccular, spherical, oval or other shape, and generally has a broad orifice. The fruit is a capsule.

All of them belong to about 50 species, which mainly produce temperate regions such as East Asia, North America, Europe and subtropical mountains, reaching to the Himalayas and Guatemala in Central America to the south. There are 36 species in China, of which 25 species are endemic. China is one of the distribution centers of ladle orchids.

The flower of dipper orchid is very peculiar, the color of the pocket-shaped lip varies greatly, it is the most ornamental species, and it is cultivated more in Europe and Japan. The introduction of the genus Cymbidium in China dates back to the early 18th century, when Wilson, a British plant hunter, collected Cymbidium in Songpan and Pingwu, Sichuan Province. since then, Britain began to domesticate and cultivate a large number of varieties. Britain has a temperate maritime climate, controlled by westerly winds, warm and humid throughout the year, with little change in the four seasons. Usually, the maximum temperature is no more than 28 ℃, the minimum temperature is not lower than-8 ℃, and the average annual precipitation is about 1000 mm. But the weather in Britain is changeable, sometimes sunny and sometimes rainy within a day. Because of its unique geographical location and climatic environment, it is suitable for the growth of most dipper orchids. There is only one kind of native wild Cypripedium calceolus, and the wild ones are on the verge of extinction at present. The plants of the genus Cymbidium are commonly cultivated in parks and botanical gardens, and occasionally in the courtyard, which are mostly used in rock gardens or forest edges, roadsides or walls to match with other flowering plants.

The habitat of each dipper orchid is different, and the soil selected for cultivation is different, but most of them like to grow under the forest or alpine meadow rich in humus soil, and the soil is mainly mixed with a small amount of bark, and the soil layer should be more than 15cm. Rain Water can be discharged in time; the main material for pot cultivation is humus soil with a small amount of charcoal or shell powder. Before cultivation, the dead and decaying roots should be removed, and some of the old roots with vitality should be removed properly, which is beneficial to the germination and growth of new roots. When putting on the basin, the bottom of the basin can be covered with some stones, ceramsite and other favorable drainage, and the blue bud can be covered slightly after covering the soil. During the growing period, dipper orchid likes water and should be wet rather than dry to prevent irreversible damage caused by dehydration of orchid root. During the day, the temperature should not exceed 25 ℃. If the temperature is too high, it can be cooled properly by ventilation and watering. When the temperature is low, the light can be increased as much as possible, which is beneficial to the accumulation of nutrients.

The original species and varieties of dipper orchid are mainly as follows:

1. Dipper orchid (Cypripedium calceolus), produced in Heilongjiang, Jilin, Liaoning, Inner Mongolia, Japan, Korea, Russia and Europe, is born under forest, forest edge, scrub and forest grassland.

two。 Cypripedium kentuckiense (Kentucky dipper orchid), produced in the United States, is often born in acidic soil and sandstone valleys. The cultivated varieties are 'pink lip' Kentucky dipper orchid 'Pink Blush'.

3. Cypripedium macranthos, native to northeast China, Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Shandong and Taiwan, grows under forests, forest margins or grassy slopes. There are also in Japan, North Korea and Russia.

▲ 'White Flower' Queen Dipper Orchid Cypripedium reginae'Album'

? 'Walter 'queen dipper orchid Cypripedium reginae'Walter'

4. The 'Walter' queen dipper orchid (Cypripedium reginae'Walter'), native to the northern part of America, is found in open forest swamps and can also be seen under coniferous forests. It is a widely cultivated dipper orchid at present, and the cultivated variety is' Baihua 'queen dipper orchid' Album'.

? 'Engel 'dipper Cypripedium' Inge'

? 'Bavi 'dipper orchid Cypripedium'Parville'

? 'Pueblo 'Cypripedium' Pueblo'

? 'Xiji 'dipper Cypripedium' Siggi'

? 'Saibao light yellow 'dipper Cypripedium' Sabine Pastel'

? 'Victoria 'dipper orchid Cypripedium'Victoria'

5. In addition, there are a large number of intergeneric hybrids in horticulture, which are widely cultivated in Europe and America, such as' English 'dipper orchid Cypripedium' Inge',' Pueblo 'dipper orchid Cypripedium' Pueblo',' Bavi 'dipper orchid Cypripedium'Parville',' Xiji 'dipper orchid Cypripedium' Siggi',' Saibao light yellow 'dipper orchid Cypripedium' Sabine Pastel',' Victoria 'dipper orchid Cypripedium'Victoria',' yellow flower 'dipper orchid Cypripedium' Multiflower Yellow' (title).