A disease-free tree species with multiple functions.

A disease-free tree species with multiple functions.

Sapindus saponaria, a tree species of the disease-free subfamily, is distributed in most provinces and regions of China in the south of the Yellow River basin, and in Japan, Korea and South Asia. Large deciduous trees, up to 25 m tall, bark grayish brown, usually indehiscent. Pinnately compound leaves even, leaflets often subopposite or alternate, leaflets entire, base oblique, glabrous or minutely pilose. Panicles borne at the top of branches, pubescent on pedicels, flowers small, 5-numbered, actinomorphic, petals long-clawed, stamens 8, protruding Corolla. The fruit is nearly spherical and changes from orange to black after ripening. The flowering period is early June and the fruiting period is from August to November.

I. Landscape application

1. Solitary planting tree

The disease-free son grows rapidly, the crown shape is huge, the branches and leaves are relatively dense, and can be planted alone on the lawn, such as a giant umbrella dotted on the lawn, the leaves turn golden in autumn, the color is extremely magnificent, with a strong visual impact, and the leaves fall out after winter. the branches are vigorous and show the beauty of strength.

two。 Street tree

The trunk of the disease-free son is obvious, the crown is large, it has a good shading effect, and it has many advantages, such as no effect on daylighting in winter, strong resistance and so on, which makes it the darling of most landscape designers. It is a very competitive species of street trees in East and Central China and even North China.

3. Planting trees in a piece

In large spaces in parks or similar common places, planting disease-free children in large clumps or patches can also form an excellent landscape effect. Due to the different planting density, coupled with the influence of light and other factors, the trunk shape and crown size of the disease-free children will be significantly different, but as a whole can play a good role in covering. Looking at the autumn leaves in autumn, the golden yellow brings the viewer an excellent visual experience. More can be planted under the forest shade-tolerant evergreen cover or shade-tolerant flowering shrubs, can adjust the atmosphere to a certain extent, so that the color is richer, the rhythm is more brisk, but also can enrich the landscape effect of winter.

4. A pool or array of trees.

Tree species used as tree ponds or tree arrays generally have certain requirements for their drought and barren tolerance and tree crown, and the super drought and barren tolerance of disease-free children can match, coupled with the perfect crown shape and the effect of colorful leaves in autumn. used in the square and all kinds of tree ponds, can play its role well.

5. Afforestation

Used for mountain afforestation, especially in the landscape forest belt along the highway, it has many advantages, such as short seedling delay period, rapid growth, affordable price, extensive management, good landscape effect and so on, which make it an excellent tree species for mountain greening and afforestation.

II. Pest management

1. Disease

The main diseases of disease-free children are Fusarium wilt, canker and coal pollution. Among them, Fusarium wilt mainly occurs in the cases of too close spacing between plants, poor ventilation, stagnant water and so on. The above diseases should be prevented as far as possible, and then the trauma should be avoided as far as possible, mainly the mechanical damage of bark, which can reduce the impact of the disease on it to the greatest extent.

two。 Insect pest

The main disease-free pests are longicorn beetles, bark beetles, bat moths, wood lice and so on, in which longicorn beetles are the most common, generally adopted in the mating period of longicorn beetles for insecticidal control, combined with dry larva killing method can be well controlled. The damage of bark beetle to the disease-free son is the most serious, and it is often fatal if it is not treated in time.

III. Other uses

In addition to garden uses, disease-free children also have many economic uses. Because its pericarp contains a lot of disease-free saponins, it is an excellent plant surfactant, which can be made into pure natural disease-free soap milk, which will not bring fluorescent agents, surfactants and environmental hormone pollution. it will not cause water eutrophication and other problems. In fact, in many places, people have directly used the peel as a natural detergent. The oil content of disease-free seed kernel is as high as 40%. It is an excellent industrial oil and can be developed and promoted as a biodiesel plant. In addition, the disease-free seed can also be used as a honey source plant, its roots and fruits can also be used as medicine, coupled with strong anti-pollution ability, it can also be planted as an environmentally friendly tree species in the factory and other polluted areas.