Domestication methods of hydroponic plants

Domestication methods of hydroponic plants

Hydroponic rich tree

Water-cultivated gold heart Yemeni iron

Hydroponic culture is a new type of plant soilless cultivation, also known as nutrient liquid culture. its core is to fix the plant rhizome in the planting basket and make the root naturally fall into the plant nutrient solution. this nutrient solution can replace the natural soil to provide plants with water, nutrients, oxygen, temperature and other growth factors, so that plants can grow normally and complete their whole life cycle. Hydroponic flower is a new type of flower product which can not only watch the root growth process of flowers, but also realize the co-culture of flowers and fish. it is gradually welcomed by the domestic and international flower industry and the majority of flower lovers because of its cleanliness, environmental protection, elegant style and so on.

I. the general domestication process of hydroponic plants

1. Removing soil and washing roots: all the soil and organic matter above the roots of soil-cultivated plants must be cleaned, otherwise it will affect the normal growth of hydroponic flowers or increase the probability of infection of diseases and insect pests.

two。 Root cutting: for those plants that can easily adapt to the aquatic environment, it is only necessary to simply trim the soil roots, cut off the old roots and diseased roots, and prevent pollution to the water environment. Some plants are relatively difficult to adapt to the aquatic environment. In order to promote the adaptability of plants to the aquatic environment, they need to cut off all the native roots and use rooting agents to promote rooting.

3. Disinfection: the aquatic environment is a relatively clean environment, if the roots carry harmful substances such as bacteria, it will pollute the water environment of plants. Generally use potassium permanganate to disinfect plants, ordinary herbaceous plants disinfect for dozens of seconds, for rich trees, banyans and other woody plants, need to soak and disinfect plants for a long time to completely kill bacteria.

4. Rooting: for many root-cutting plants, rooting is a very important step, which can accelerate the growth of aquatic roots, mostly treated with rooting agents.

5. Domestication: the process of domestication is to fix the plant in the planting basket or matrix. Perlite is generally used in the matrix to add necessary nutrients to the matrix to ensure the growth of plants. In order to promote the absorption of nutrients by plants, magnet treatment can be carried out to accelerate the movement of ions and increase the absorption of nutrient solution by plants.

6. Adaptation to the water environment: generally through the method of biological domestication, plants can grow beautiful aquatic roots for a week to half a month. When the aquatic roots grow to a certain extent, take out the plants and put them into hydroponic plant containers. Fix them with a planting basket, soak the aquatic roots in water to absorb nutrients, and the rest of the roots are exposed in the air to absorb oxygen. Usually after a week, growing well, the finished product of a pot of hydroponic plants is completed.

Hydroponic golden scallop

Hydroponic Phnom Penh tiger tail orchid

II. Targeted domestication of common hydroponic plants

1. Hanging orchid

Cut the new plant larvae on the stolon of Cymbidium, at this time, the new plant larvae have begun to grow tender green aerial roots, which are easy to be hydroponically cultured without soil pollution. Put the cut new plant into a suitable hydroponic container to ensure that the bottom of the air root can contact the horizontal plane, while the top of the air root and the bottom of the blade are exposed in the air, put them in the indoor shade and give proper light during the day. Hydroponic roots can grow in one week, and hydroponics can be completely adapted to the hydroponic environment in two weeks.

The spring and autumn season is the most suitable season for hydroponics to domesticate the orchid. During the domestication period, it is best to use tap water or pure water for two days, avoid direct sunlight and maintain ventilation. The root needs to be left about 1 inch above the water surface, which is not only conducive to the germination of aquatic roots, but also conducive to plant growth and respiration.

two。 Guangdong Rohdea japonica

Select Guangdong evergreen without disease, wash the soil with a high-pressure spray gun, remove all rotten roots and old roots, choose 0.5% potassium permanganate solution to disinfect for 15 minutes, and then directly pot the Guangdong evergreen, leaving the main root 1 beat 2 above the water surface, and do not need auxin to promote root, a week later can grow new roots, three weeks later can completely adapt to the hydroponic environment.

Guangdong evergreen is a plant easily cultivated in water, and its root is similar to the traditional hydroponic plant, Phyllostachys pubescens. During the period of hydroponics and domestication, Guangdong evergreen is treated by changing water every 5-7 days, and it is better to use tap water or pure water stored for two days. It is more suitable for hydroponic domestication in the dark room in summer.

3. Dieffenbachia

The method of soil cleaning and disinfection is the same as that of Guangdong evergreen. Because of the unique root system of evergreen, the soil bacon is white and clean, so it is easy to adapt to the aquatic environment and can be put on the basin directly. During the period of hydroponic domestication, pay attention to ventilation and change water once every 3-5 days, which is more suitable for hydroponic domestication in spring and autumn. In the process of growth, new roots will be sent out on the main stem, and the old roots are not easy to decay. If there is a phenomenon of root color deepening, it means that the roots are rotten, and it is necessary to clean up and change water in time.

Hydroponic Anthurium andraeanum

Water-cultivated mountain kelp

4. Malaba chestnut

Take the Malaba chestnut (rich tree) with good roots and no insect pests, clean the roots and cut off all the soil roots, then soak the stem base with 200mg / L NAA solution for 10 minutes for 30 minutes, which is beneficial to rooting. After drying, the hydroponic root system can be induced, and the root growth can be controlled according to different treatment methods, because the general root cross section is not parallel to the horizontal plane. We use two methods of treatment. First, the bottom of the Malaba chestnut stem is about 2 mm flush with the horizontal plane, which seems to touch the horizontal plane but not the horizontal plane, and the aquatic root system generally grows from this part with more water; second, the bottom of Malaba chestnut is directly buried in perlite. Perlite has no nutrients and plays a moisturizing role, so that the bottom can be uniformly exposed to water, and the aquatic root system will be more uniform and luxuriant.

The speed of rooting is the fastest in the indoor ventilated place in summer, and the stem of Malaba chestnut must not come into contact with water, because Malaba chestnut is a woody plant, the woody part is easy to rot in the water for a long time, and the water is changed once every 3-5 days.

5. Amorphophallus

Sea taro (dripping Guanyin) should be careful when washing its roots, do not damage the tuber, can trim all its fibrous roots, taro hair roots very fast, high ornamental value, disinfection after washing roots, put the disinfected dripping Guanyin in the shade for 3-5 days, wait for the wound to heal, you can directly hang the tubers of dripping Guanyin above the water, 1 stop 3 in water, 5 days can grow aquatic roots.

Aquatic root induction can be carried out in spring, summer and autumn, and the wound must be dried after root cleaning, otherwise it is easy to have rotten roots. Dripping Guanyin has developed roots and has high requirements for water quality. It must be pure tap water or pure water.

6. Celestial balls

When doing hydroponic domestication, cactus ball plants need to cut off their original roots thoroughly and grow new roots without disinfection and root stimulation, but the pruned cactus must be dried in the sun for 2 or 3 days to ensure that the wound of the cactus is dry. place the cactus at 2 mm above the horizontal level to ensure that the original root does not touch the horizontal plane, in a relatively high temperature and ventilated place, and the water evaporates to the root. New roots grow in a week.

It is most suitable for hydroponic domestication in summer, ensuring ventilation, low requirements for water quality, transparent and clean, and must not allow the physical part of the cactus to come into contact with water. Once exposed, it is necessary to air-dry or expose to the sun immediately. during hydroponic culture, there is no need to change water, and the amount of water can be reduced and added in time.