Introduction, cultivation and Cuttage Propagation of Fagopyrum esculentum

Introduction, Cultivation and Cutting Propagation of Fagopyrum tataricum

Fagopyrum tataricum belongs to perennial deciduous semi-shrub liana belonging to Polygonum family, likes light and bears shade, bears drought and bears barren, has strong cold resistance, can safely overwinter at-30 DEG C in the open field, the aboveground part will not dry, and new leaves will naturally sprout in the next year. It is an ideal vertical greening and ground covering material. It is not only beautiful and has good greening effect, but also can effectively solve the problems of few plant species, single landscape and single color of landscape greening plant resources in northern China. the prospects for development are great. After several years of introduction experiment and cuttage propagation, it was proved that Fagopyrum tataricum could grow and breed normally in Urumqi, Xinjiang.

1 Biological characteristics

Fagopyrum sibiricum stem twining or erect, initially herbaceous, 1~2 years later into woody or nearly woody, tendrils 10~15m long. Leaves alternate or clustered, glabrous on both surfaces, triangular or ovate-triangular, entire, 4~9cm long, veined; apex acute, base halberd, margin often undulate, petiole 3~ 5 cm long; ocrea short tubular, caducous. Stems are soft, round, glabrous and non-ribbed, shoots are light green, surface smooth, with obvious white spots, old stems are more than 3 years old, all lignified, roots developed, mainly distributed in the topsoil 30~40cm below, root regeneration ability is very strong. Fagopyrum tataricum has a long flowering period, about 1 month per ear, and a population flowering period of about 60 days. It is a good climbing and nectar source plant. It likes sunny, humid environment, drought tolerance, few pests and diseases, blooming luxuriantly, is a kind of deciduous vine with strong adaptability and rapid growth. Fagopyrum esculentum is easy to cultivate, and its requirements for soil are not strict. It grows vigorously under extensive management conditions and grows more luxuriantly in fertile and moist soil.

2. Introduction and cultivation experiment of buckwheat

In 2009, Qinghai Botanical Garden introduced healthy seedlings of Fagopyrum esculentum without diseases and insect pests, and planted them in Nanshan and Changji City of Urumqi City respectively. In Shuixigou Town, Nanshan Mountain, Urumqi City, the soil is gravelly chestnut soil, with total salt content of 0.104%, organic matter content of 0.94%, pH value of 7.93, which is a typical regional soil lacking organic matter, phosphorus and nitrogen. The natural conditions are bad. The average annual temperature is 7.5℃, the average temperature from July to June is 26.85℃, the extreme minimum temperature is-23.1 ℃, and the extreme maximum temperature is 36.7℃. The annual precipitation is 266.9mm and the annual evaporation is 2730mm.

After 6 years of growth observation, it showed that it could normally overwinter, germinate at the beginning of May, grow more than 1.8 m per year, branch more, leave later, old stem thickened 8~15mm per year, and the outer skin had obvious longitudinal crack. The green period lasts 7 months. September flowering, white flowers, flowers in full bloom, white flowers floating in the green leaves, the scenery is very spectacular, is an ideal view of leaves, flowers, fruit vertical greening materials. Frozen shoots occur every year, mainly concentrated in the top 20~30cm of unlignified tender shoots, does not affect the overall growth effect; under drought conditions, there is still a certain amount of irrigation protection, otherwise it will affect the growth of buckwheat.

3. Reproductive techniques of buckwheat

Fagopyrum esculentum is propagated by cuttings. Cutting in spring, summer and autumn can be carried out, cutting has been selected mature pests and diseases have lignification or semi-lignification branches, the substrate to sandy soil is appropriate, with ferrous sulfate disinfection, cutting to keep wet; cutting, substrate temperature above 18℃, temperature above 20℃ is appropriate. The cuttings were soaked in clear water, then treated with ABT rooting powder and gibberellin. The relative humidity of air was kept about 80% after cuttings were transplanted. The survival rate of cuttings could reach 93% after rooting for about 20 days. In summer, can also use layering propagation, the vine branches bent buried in the soil about 10cm deep, keep wet, with this method is easy to root. Transplanting is generally carried out in spring and autumn. If there are conditions when transplanting, a certain amount of base fertilizer can be applied to help plant growth. Water control should be paid attention to in autumn. After defoliation in winter, a little pruning can be done to remove excessive branches, reduce water loss and reduce frozen shoots.

4 Conclusion

Fagopyrum tataricum can grow normally in arid area, overwintering without protection, long flowering period, fast growth, branches intertwined with each other, covering a large area of buildings, not only beautiful, good greening effect and artistic effect, but also easy to reproduce, strong adaptability, strong resistance, extensive management, low greening cost, prolonging the green period of urban greening, great development prospects, and is an excellent urban greening vine worthy of wide popularization and application. At present, there are few researches on domestication and breeding of Fagopyrum tataricum. Meanwhile, it is necessary to strengthen the physiological and ecological adaptability of Fagopyrum tataricum and the cultivation methods of Fagopyrum tataricum in different urban greening, so as to provide technical guarantee for the popularization and application of Fagopyrum tataricum and lay a solid application foundation for the development and application of Fagopyrum tataricum.