The cultivation and cultivation methods of peony flowers have a look ~

Before planting peony flowers, it is necessary to select places with high dryness and good drainage, requiring deep, loose and fertile sandy urban soil. When planting in saline-alkali areas, it is necessary to change the soil; when planting in lower areas, to build a high platform, there should be sufficient clean water sources for irrigation. Avoid continuous cropping of peony. Field cultivation generally rotates once every 3 to 4 years, otherwise the growth will be weakened and the damage of diseases and insect pests will be serious. When cropping cannot be rotated on time due to land limitations, deep turning should be carried out 1-2 months before planting. With a depth of 60cm and 100cm, cake fertilizer of 1500kg to 2000kg or 200kg to 250kg can be applied every 666.7 square meters. remember not to apply raw fertilizer without maturity.

one

Planting time: no matter sowing seedlings or planting seedlings, it is from late August (the End of Heat) to late September (the Autumn Equinox) in Heze and from late September (the Autumn Equinox) to early November (the Beginning of Winter) in Yangzhou. It is usually carried out in combination with ramet.

two

Planting specifications: the row spacing of ornamental cultivation plants in the garden can be 1 m × 1 m, and the planting points can be arranged in "product shape", so that the land can be used uniformly and reasonably, which is conducive to the symmetrical growth of plants. however, the field operation is sometimes inconvenient for field management and observation and recording, the horizontal and vertical "square" arrangement is often used. The specification of the planting hole, the depth is about 35cm, the diameter of the upper mouth is 18cm, the digging pit should be narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, the thick root should not be removed during ornamental cultivation and propagation, and the root-promoting seedling after rooting is used in medicinal cultivation (Zhejiang Dongyang method), the hole is naked about 25 cm. If you directly use the peony root after planting, the depth can also be shallow.

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Planting method: the bottom of the hole is applied with rotten dried manure or cake fertilizer. Mix well with the subsoil. Before planting, the seedlings of Paeonia lactiflora were treated with the mixture of thiophanate methyl and isofloxate 1000 times to prevent the harm of diseases and insect pests. Hold the peony seedlings by hand, so that the roots are sparsely placed in the hole, when filling to the half pit, shake and lift the seedling plants, so that the root system is closely combined with the soil. When the height of the seedling is raised, the bud is flat with the ground, and the soil pit sinks after watering, which is the suitable planting depth. Planting is too deep, the bud is not easy to sprout, even if the seedling, the growth and development is not exuberant; planting is too shallow, the rhizome exposed to the ground, summer exposure, easy to lead to death. Finally, fill the soil until the hole is full, tamp it, and pile up a 10-centimeter mound to prevent cold and preserve soil moisture, which also plays a role in marking and protecting. Depending on the soil moisture, if the soil is moist, it can not be watered after planting, and it should be irrigated immediately after planting.

The cultivation of Paeonia lactiflora is mainly carried out by traditional propagation methods, which can be planted by ramet, sowing, cutting, striping and other methods, of which the ramet method is the most easy and widely used. The sowing method is only used for the cultivation of cut varieties, the production of grafted peony rootstocks and the production of medicinal materials. The rapid propagation of ornamental varieties is an urgent problem to be solved, which has been pinning its hopes on tissue culture. A lot of work has been done at home and abroad, although progress has been made so far, but there is still a long way to go from the practical application.

Planting methods of Paeonia lactiflora

1.

Cutting method

Select a high-lying, well-drained nursery as a cutting bed, after the bed soil is loosened, spread 15 cm thick river sand, and the river sand should be disinfected with 0.5% potassium permanganate. The cutting substrate can also be vermiculite or perlite. Build a 1.5-meter-high sunshade on the bed. According to the experience of Changchun and other places, the effect of cutting cuttings in mid-July is the best. The cuttings are 10-15 cm long. With two nodes, the last compound leaf, leaving a little leaf; the next compound leaf, even petiole cut off, with a concentration of 500 × 10 ~ 1000 × 10 naphthalene acetic acid or indole acetic acid solution quickly dipped in cuttings, cutting depth of about 5 cm, the spacing between leaves do not overlap each other. Pour water after insertion, and then cover the plastic shed. It is observed that the rooting effect is the best when the substrate temperature is 2830 ℃ and the humidity is 50%. If the temperature is 20: 25 ℃ and the humidity is 80% 90% in the cutting shed, it can take root and form dormant buds 20-30 days after cutting. After taking root, the amount of water spraying and watering should be reduced, and the plastic shed and sunshade should be removed gradually. The cuttings grow slowly and need to be covered with soil on the bed to survive the winter, and then moved to the open field for planting the following spring.

two。

Root insertion method

The roots of Paeonia lactiflora were cut off in autumn and cut into 5-10 cm root segments, which were inserted into deep-turned and flat ditches with a depth of 10-15 cm, covered with fine soil 5-10 cm thick, and watered thoroughly.

3.

Strip pressing method

In spring, the young buds unearthed soon after they are unearthed will pass through the pots of the flowerpots and be introduced into the flowerpots with a diameter of 15cm to 20cm. They will gradually fill the soil with growth, keep the potted soil moist, take root in summer, and cut off the stems under the pots before winter to form a potted peony.

4.

Modern tissue culture methods

Plant tissue culture, that is, plant aseptic culture technology, is based on the theory that plant cells are totipotent, using isolated organs, tissues or cells of Paeonia lactiflora (such as roots, stems, leaves, etc.). Callus, adventitious buds and adventitious roots were induced under the conditions of aseptic and suitable artificial medium, light and temperature, and finally formed a complete plant with the same heredity as the mother. This technology, also known as cloning technology, achieves the purpose of rapid propagation and has the value of wide application.

The culture method of Paeonia lactiflora mainly focuses on the following four steps, hoping to help flower friends to maintain the peony flower on a daily basis.

1.

Temperature

Paeonia lactiflora is a typical temperate plant, which likes temperature and cold tolerance and has a wide range of ecological adaptation. It can be cultivated in open field in northern China with strong cold tolerance. In Nenjiang County in the north of Heilongjiang Province, the annual growth period is only 120 days and the extreme lowest temperature is-46.5 ℃. It can still grow and blossom normally and survive the winter in open field. Summer is suitable for cool climate, but also quite heat-resistant, such as in Bozhou (bo zhou), Anhui Province, and the summer extreme maximum temperature up to 42.1 ℃, can also safely pass the summer.

two。

Light

Paeonia lactiflora can grow luxuriantly and brightly in the growing period, but it can also grow and develop normally in light shade, and it can appropriately reduce the temperature and increase humidity during the flowering period, so as to prolong the viewing period, but if it is too shaded, it will cause overgrowth, weak growth, unable to blossom or bloom dilute sulfur.

Paeonia lactiflora is a long-sunshine plant, which differentiates flower buds in short-day season in autumn and winter and blossoms in spring. Bud development and flowering should be carried out in long days. If the sunshine time is too short (8-9 hours), it will lead to retardation of bud growth, acceleration of leaf growth, poor flowering and even failure of flowering.

3.

Soil

Paeonia lactiflora is a deep-rooted plant, so it requires deep soil layer and strong succulent roots, suitable for sandy loam with loose and good drainage, poor growth in clay and sandy soil, high soil water content and poor drainage, and easy to cause rotten roots. it is suitable to be planted in neutral or slightly acidic soil, but not in saline soil. The growth of fertile soil is better, but we should pay attention to the nitrogen content should not be too high, in order to prevent the growth of branches and leaves, the growth period can be appropriate to increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, in order to promote branches and leaves to grow strong and bloom beautifully. Bogey continuous cropping of peony, in the traditional concentrated producing areas of peony, planting peony continuously for many years on the same plot, is a very common phenomenon, which has caused serious losses, not only serious diseases and insect pests, yield and quality decline, and even lead to large area death. Therefore, a scientific and reasonable rotation system must be carried out.

4.

Moisture content

Paeonia lactiflora has a high and open terrain and a relatively dry environment, which does not require regular irrigation. Because peony is fleshy root, especially not resistant to waterlogging, stagnant water for 6 hours and 10 hours, often lead to rotten roots, low humid areas are not suitable to be used as peony producing areas in our country, every flood is almost destructive to peony, only in the high open place, the unflooded peony remained.

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