Market Prospect Analysis and Economic benefit Analysis of Ginkgo Biloba Leaf picking Garden

Market Prospect Analysis and Economic benefit Analysis of Ginkgo Biloba Leaf picking Garden

1 Analysis of the market prospect of ginkgo leaf nursery

As traditional Chinese medicine has been very recognized in Europe, Japan and North America in recent years, the series of traditional Chinese medicine made in China is very popular in foreign markets. at the same time, due to the aging population in China, many middle-aged and elderly people have cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases such as hypertension. the domestic consumption of cardio-cerebrovascular drugs is very large, and the annual consumption is on the rise. Ginkgo biloba extract is mainly composed of ginkgo flavonoids and terpenoid meat esters, which are widely used in the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and the prevention and treatment of senile dementia. in particular, the bioactive substances of flavonoid glycosides can increase cardio-cerebral vascular flow, reduce cardio-cerebrovascular resistance and improve vascular circulatory function. it is essential for the treatment of coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, hypertension and other diseases.

Take Jiangsu Pizhou Xinyuan Biological products Co., Ltd. as an example, the company is the largest processing enterprise of ginkgo biloba leaves in China. In recent years, dried ginkgo biloba leaves are purchased more than 8 000 tons, converted to 25 000 tons of fresh leaves, and 200 tons of flavonoids are processed and extracted. The products are exported to the United States, Germany and Japan about 80 tons, and the domestic market sales are 120 tons. The purchase price of dried leaves of ginkgo biloba is 1.6 ~ 17500 yuan per ton, and the purchase price of fresh leaves is between 4.6 and 5.3 yuan per kilogram, the market is very stable. Therefore, the ginkgo leaf nursery has a broad market prospect for the purpose of collecting and selling ginkgo leaves.

2 cultivation techniques of Ginkgo biloba

In order to meet the requirements of deep gully and high bed, the middle trench, back trench and chamber trench with a depth of 20 cm were excavated in the nursery according to the requirements of deep trench and high bed. Compound fertilizer, cake fertilizer and organic fertilizer were applied at 1500 kg, 200 kg and 4000 kg per hectare. When planting, the seedlings of 1-year-old and 2-year-old were selected, the ground diameter of seedlings was more than 0.6 cm, the row spacing was 50 cm × 60 cm, and the number of seedlings per hectare was 37,500,42000, which was planted in January to March every year. In terms of management, the first year focuses on weeding, topdressing, drought resistance, drainage and other work. In the second year, the seedlings are basically closed, and the labor input is relatively reduced. At this time, they begin to benefit. The annual picking time for fresh leaves is from late July to mid-September.

3Economic benefit analysis

The ginkgo leaf picking nursery began to enter the high yield period from the fourth year. When the seedlings grow to the sixth year and the height is more than 3 m, it is not convenient to pick fresh leaves, that is, the seedlings will be cut off, and new strong branches will sprout in the next year, and leaves can be picked in the same year. Therefore, the benefit period of ginkgo leaf nursery is 6 years. Jingshan County, Hubei Province, located in central Hubei, is a major forestry county. The woodland area of the county is 168000 hm2, accounting for 51% of the total land area. Jingshan County has been cultivating Ginkgo biloba since the 1990s. At present, the cultivation area of Ginkgo biloba in Jingshan County has reached 2600 hm2, and the cultivation technology of Ginkgo biloba is mature. taking Jingshan County as an example, the economic benefits of ginkgo leaf nursery are analyzed.

The input of ginkgo leaf picking nursery mainly includes four aspects: land preparation, purchase and planting of seedlings, daily management and protection, leaf picking, and its output is the sale of fresh leaves.

3.1 input calculation

The input cost of ginkgo leaf nursery is mainly divided into: mechanical land preparation, seedling purchase, fertilizer purchase, seedling planting, weeding, fertilization, leaf picking and other labor expenses.

(1) the total land preparation by mechanical reclamation, including trenching and trenching, costs about 8250 yuan per hectare.

(2) the seedlings of 1-year-old and 2-year-old seedlings were planted with 42 000 seedlings per hectare at a price of 0.35 yuan per plant and 14,700 yuan per hectare.

(3) Fertilizer cost. In the first year, 3000 kg (1.8 yuan / kg) of cake fertilizer and 1500 kg (2.4 yuan / kg) of compound fertilizer were applied per hectare, and then 750 kg per hectare.

(4) Labor cost. It takes 45 man-hours per hectare to plant seedlings. Weeding 3 times in the first year, fertilizing 2 times, then weeding 2 times a year, fertilizing once, 15 man-hours per hectare, 80 yuan per man-hour. The labor cost of picking fresh leaves is calculated by weight, about 0.7 yuan per kilogram.

3.2 output calculation

The output of ginkgo leaf picking nursery is fresh leaves, and its price per kilogram is calculated as 4 yuan.

Table 1 Analysis of economic benefits per hectare of ginkgo leaf nursery

3.3 Economic benefit analysis

The total investment of ginkgo leaf nursery is about 120000 yuan per hectare for 6 years, with an average annual investment of 20, 000 yuan, the total income is 294000 yuan, with an average annual income of 49000 yuan, and the net profit is 174000 yuan, with an average annual income of 29000 yuan. It can be seen that its profit is much higher than that of ordinary crops, and compared with other forest industries, the benefit cycle is short and the late input is low. For the areas with sufficient labor, the income will be further improved.

4 suggestions

In view of the stable market, large demand, low requirements for cultivation techniques and low consumption of human resources, combined with the current situation of rural labor force, farmers are encouraged to adopt various management modes, such as independent management, joint household management, land ownership and so on. Ginkgo biloba leaf nursery is used as an accurate poverty alleviation and transformation of agricultural development project in mountainous and rural areas. The government and relevant departments should issue corresponding support policies, combine with accurate poverty alleviation work, make rational use of poverty alleviation funds, develop ginkgo leaf nurseries, and fully mobilize the enthusiasm of farmers to plant ginkgo leaf nurseries. Forestry departments should do a good job in planning, technical guidance, market information collection and product sales, so as to serve for the increase of forest farmers' income.