High yield and High efficiency cultivation techniques of Tomato in Spring greenhouse

High yield and High efficiency cultivation techniques of Tomato in Spring greenhouse

The growing period of Tomato and its requirements for Environment

(1) organs of tomato

Typical seed plants of root, stem, leaf, flower, fruit and seed →

Root: the root system is more developed and the ability of regeneration is strong.

Stem: low degree of Lignification, strong branching ability (lateral branches) leaves: simple leaves, leaves with deep cracks: flowers: leaves with deeper cracks

Fruit:

Seed: weight of 1000 seeds is about 3G

(2) the growth and development process of tomato (4 stages)

1. Germination period

The first true leaf appears when the seed germinates

2. Seedling stage

The first true leaf appears in a big bud (before flowering)

The critical period of management is "rapid root growth, flower bud differentiation and acquisition of accumulated temperature".

3. Flowering and fruiting period

Plant → ear fruit sit

Protect flowers and fruits at the turning point (increase early yield)

4. Result period

The first ear fruit sits with → to pull seedlings.

Production focuses on regulating the relationship between seedlings and fruits, which requires a large amount of fertilizer and water.

(3) the environmental conditions needed for tomato growth

Five elements of the environment: temperature, light, water, gas and fertilizer

The sixth element: biological activities (diseases and insect pests)

1. Temperature

Tomato is a temperature-loving vegetable.

2. Lighting

Tomato requires a light saturation point of 70000 lux, and a light intensity of more than 30000 lux should be guaranteed in general to maintain its normal growth and development. Sufficient light in the seedling stage is beneficial to early flower bud differentiation and early flowering. If the light is less than 13000 lux, flower bud differentiation will be greatly delayed. Even the application of nitrogen fertilizer can not overcome the effect of weak light.

3. Moisture

Tomato is a semi-drought-tolerant vegetable with well-developed roots and strong water absorption capacity; its suitable air relative humidity is 50% Mur60%. If the air humidity is too high, it is easy to cause a variety of fungal and bacterial diseases, and also affect self-pollination and fertilization.

The soil water content should reach 60% Mel 80%. If the soil moisture content changes unevenly, such as suddenly dry and wet, it is easy to form fruit cracking, affecting the commerciality of the fruit, thus affecting the efficiency.

4. Fertilizer

Tomato is one of the crops most in need of fertilizer. In the process of growth and development, tomatoes need to absorb a large number of nutrient elements, in addition to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and other elements, but also absorb boron, sulfur, iron, zinc, manganese and other trace elements from the soil in order to obtain high yield and high quality. According to the investigation, the yield of 5000 kg tomato per mu requires 17 kg of nitrogen, 5 kg of phosphorus and 26 kg of potassium.