Dandelion is a kind of nutritious special vegetable with high medicinal value.

Mother-in-law

Mother-in-law, the academic name dandelion, also known as Huanghua Miao, Huanghua Di Ding, Huanghua Lang, wood yam, pulp thin, patch, milk or bitter alfalfa and so on. Is a perennial herb, leaves Obovate-lanceolate, oblanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, scape 1 to several, as long as or slightly longer than the leaves. Achenes Obovate-lanceolate, dark brown, glabrous. The florescence is from April to September and the fruiting period is from May to October.

Dandelions are widely distributed in many places in North China, Central China, East China and Northeast China. In spring, summer and autumn, dandelions grow in fields, roadsides, hillsides, as well as in front and behind houses. Dandelion cultivation units or individuals are also increasing day by day. The development and utilization of dandelion has a broad prospect.

Morphological characteristics

Dandelion roots are fusiform or conical, growing vertically, deep in the soil, simple or branched. The aboveground stem is inconspicuous, 10-25cm high, the whole plant is covered with white soft hairs and contains white milk. Root leaves spread, rosette, leaf blade Obovate-lanceolate or linear-lanceolate, about 15cm long, about 5cm wide, large head pinnatifid or pinnatifid, attack piece triangular, entire or several-toothed, tip slightly obtuse or pointed, base tapering into stalk, glabrous or with spider silk-like fine hairs. Flowering in spring or autumn, the flower stem is shorter or equal than the leaves, but when fruiting, it elongates and has arachnoid hairs; the head is about 3.5cm in diameter, with herbaceous and green envelopes, some of which can be reddish or purplish red, with or without small horns at the top, with white arachnoid hairs; ligulate flowers bright yellow, with red stripes at the top, bisexual, 5 stamens, 1 pistil. Achenes oblanceolate, yellowish or yellowish brown, about 4cm, with longitudinal corrugations and transverse tumors, the transverse tumors above the middle have spiny protuberances, the beak is 6-8mm long, the crown is white and yellowish brown when mature.

Biological characteristics

Dandelion is a short-day plant, which is beneficial to bolting and flowering under the condition of high temperature and short day, and is more tolerant to shade, but good light conditions are beneficial to the growth of stems and leaves. It has strong adaptability and does not choose soil for growth, but the sunny, fertile and humid sandy loam grows better, it can germinate when the soil temperature is 1-2 ℃ in early spring, the seed germinates fastest when the soil temperature is 15-20 ℃, but it germinates slowly when the soil temperature is above 25-30 ℃, and the optimum temperature for leaf growth is 15-22 ℃.

Distribution range

There are wild or cultivated dandelions in many countries in the world, such as the United States, France, Japan, Russia and so on. Dandelions are more widely distributed in China. In many places in North, Central, East and Northeast China, dandelions grow in fields, roadsides, hillsides, as well as in front and behind houses in spring, summer and autumn. the number of units or individuals who cultivate dandelions is also increasing. The development and utilization of dandelion has a broad prospect.

Main value

Medicinal value

Dandelion can cure diseases, ancient books have long been recorded. For example, Li Shizhen's Compendium of Materia Medica said: "Women's breast carbuncle is swollen, boil and sweat drink and seal it." Detoxify food, disperse stagnant qi, dissolve heat toxin, eliminate swelling, tuberculosis, cure swelling. Black hair, strong muscles and bones. White juice: apply evil thorns, fox urine prickles, that is, the better. " Modern medicine has also confirmed that dandelion has high medicinal value. The triterpenoid alcohols in its roots are dandelion sterol, dandelion, dandelion, caffeic acid, inulin, pectin, inositol, asparagine, bitter, saponins, resins, inulin, pectin, choline, and flowers containing Ranunculoflavin, vitamin B2 and so on. Dandelion has a certain bactericidal effect on drug-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus, hemolytic streptococcus and pneumococci, meningococci, diphtheria bacilli, green bacilli, Proteus, typhoid bacillus, dysentery bacilli and so on.

Efficacy and function: clearing heat and detoxification; eliminating carbuncle and dispersing knot. Main breast carbuncle; pulmonary carbuncle; intestinal carbuncle; gills; furuncle swelling; eye swelling pain; cold and fever; cough; sore throat; stomach fire; enteritis; dysentery; hepatitis; cholangitis; urinary tract infection; snakeworm bite. For sore swelling, mastitis, dysphagia, red eyes, sore throat, lung carbuncle, intestinal carbuncle, damp-heat jaundice, heat and astringent pain.

Long-term, a large number of facts have proved that dandelion is a precious Chinese herbal medicine with sweet, bitter and cold taste, heat-clearing and detoxification can be used for heat-toxin syndrome, especially good for clearing liver heat, treating swelling and pain of liver-heat eyes, as well as a variety of infections and suppurative diseases. Eliminate carbuncle and disperse knot to treat carbuncle swelling and sore caused by heat toxin caused by muscle, and high fever does not go back. It has good effect on breast abscess, can detoxify loose knot and pass milk, can be taken internally or externally, and is often used with honeysuckle. In addition, it can also be equipped with rhubarb and moutan to treat intestinal carbuncle.

Indications: acute mastitis, mumps, mastitis, pharyngitis, cold and fever, acute tonsillitis, rheumatoid arthritis, acute bronchitis, gastritis, hepatitis, pneumonia, cholecystitis, acute and chronic appendicitis, urinary system infection, osteomyelitis, vaginitis, pelvic inflammation, twelve finger ulcers, acne, acne, stones, and a variety of cancers. Its prescription is widely spread among the people, and many medical books, newspapers and magazines are also published.

Use taboo

Most infections are febrile, so treatment with dandelion does not cause adverse reactions or the value of the disease. However, there are also a small number of infections that are cold and Yin. At this time, fever does not occur in the body, and the course of the disease is relatively long, and the physical condition of the patients is relatively poor. At this time, if a large dose of dandelion is used to treat the disease, not only can it not lead to improvement of the disease, but even patients will have loss of appetite, physical deterioration and fatigue. Even if there are night sweats and pallor, the body will get worse and worse. Therefore, the use of dandelion in daily life must be cautious, must not simply regard dandelion as anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory omnipotent medicine, otherwise the harm to the body is greater.

In addition, taking a large amount of dandelion can easily lead to a variety of gastrointestinal discomfort, such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal discomfort and diarrhea. This is mainly due to the narrowing of renal tubules in the body after taking large doses of dandelion, and mild turbidity and swelling of liver cells and epithelial cells of renal tubules, which leads to various diseases of the body.

[can be used as veterinary drug]

Dandelion is not only a good vegetable and medicine for human beings, but also can be widely used in animal husbandry and veterinaries. it can not only be used as a precious feed additive, but also treat a variety of diseases of livestock. For example, dandelion whole grass plus boiled juice can treat upper respiratory tract infection of domestic animals; hot washing of dandelion decoction can treat domestic animal mastitis; dandelion, purple flower and wax gourd seeds can treat emphysema, fever and asthma of domestic animals; dandelion and Artemisia annua L. can treat astringent pain in urine and abdominal distension of sheep; dandelion and Wang Boulu co-study fine powder, with yellow wine and brown sugar as introduction, can treat milk deficiency of female animals. Dandelion decoction plus white sugar can treat cattle and horse nosebleed; dandelion, almond, alum decoction warm clothing, can treat cattle, horse laryngitis; dandelion, yellow chrysanthemum smash the affected area, can treat livestock carbuncle swelling and sores and so on.

Dietotherapy value

Dandelion, whether wild or artificially cultivated, is a special vegetable with rich nutrients. The edible part of fresh and tender dandelion whole grass is about 84%, and per 100g, the edible part contains 4.8g protein, 1.1g fat, 5.0g sugar, 2.1g crude fiber, calcium 216.0mg, phosphorus 93.0mg, iron 10.2mg, carotene 7.35mg, vitamin B 10.03mg, vitamin B 20.39mg, vitamin C 47.0mg, nicotinic acid 1.9g. Dandelion is not only rich in nutrition, but also has high medicinal value. Therefore, it is not an ordinary special vegetable, but a precious dietotherapy vegetable.

How to eat it? There is a saying in the Compendium of Materia Medica: "Dandelion tender seedlings can be eaten, and raw food is especially good for the treatment of infectious diseases." Thus it can be seen that dandelion can be fried and eaten, or it can be used as a cold dish. Of course, it can also be mixed with other dishes and seasonings to make a variety of excellent food treatments with all kinds of colors, flavors and flavors. For example, stir-fried shredded pork with dandelion has the function of clearing heat and detoxification, detumescence and dispersing knot, and pork has the effect of nourishing yin, moistening dryness, tonifying and replenishing qi, and the two are made into dishes, which can not only taste delicious, but also provide a variety of nutritions. therefore, it can be used to treat colds, gastritis, cough, hematochezia and other diseases. Minced garlic dandelion can be used to treat acute mastitis, lymphitis, acute conjunctivitis, cholecystitis, gastritis, hepatitis, sores and other diseases; dandelion mung bean soup can treat a variety of inflammation, urinary tract infection, constipation and so on. In addition, manufacturers can also adopt the method of deep processing to make dandelion into dandelion coffee, dandelion beverage and a variety of health food for sale, which can not only achieve better economic benefits, but also conducive to people's health, but also promote the development of dandelion industry.

Cosmetic effect

Dandelion (mother-in-law)

Dandelion is not only rich in nutrition, high medicinal value, is a good food and vegetable, good medicine for diseases, but also has been widely used in cosmetology.

Whether you are dry skin, oily skin, aging skin, or freckles, pigmented spots, dermatitis, acne, acne, whiskers, white hair, hair loss, etc., dandelion can help you eliminate "imperfections", get rid of troubles, and make you "flawless" and radiant. For example, dandelion with Forsythia suspensa and Equisetum can be used for skin health care-for acne; dandelion with purslane can be used for the treatment of oil dermatitis; dandelion decoction is filtered and applied to the face, which can be used to treat dry skin; dandelion is mashed and mixed with honey, which can be used to treat old skin; dandelion flower boiled juice, sooner or later applied to the face, can be used to treat freckles and pigment spots. Dandelion juice and parsley juice are mixed and used as emollients for the treatment of albino pigment spots.

Dandelion contains vitamins, has the effect of clearing away heat and detoxification, can treat liver heat, furuncle, swelling and a variety of infections, suppurative diseases, for thermal toxic acne will have some effect, internal or external application, the effect depends on each person's symptoms and physique.

Ornamental value

Monographs such as "hundred Flowers" and "interpretation of Group Mang Spectrum" have a detailed introduction to the role of dandelion in greening and beautifying the environment. Although Baihuahui also pointed out: "Dandelion does not have the delicate beauty of peonies, the fragrance of roses, and the snow-white of cherry blossoms, but it is plain and elegant, and its vitality is extremely strong." The main performance of the inner show of dandelion is: first, it is simple and unadorned, the growth is extremely prosperous, and it is quite in shape; second, it blossoms twice in spring and autumn, and the flowering period in spring is very early; third, although the flowers are not big, they are not as beautiful as peonies, roses and cherry blossoms, but their flowers are large and pure, unique and popular; fourth, they have a wide range of uses, can kill more than one stone, and achieve twice the result with half the effort. The main manifestations of its strong vitality are: first, it can be planted once and can be used for many years; second, flowers become catkins, flying because of the wind, and they can grow in wetlands; third, they do not choose soil, although they are thin and thin, they can also thrive; fourth, they are cold-resistant, heat-resistant, drought-resistant, waterlogging-resistant, disease-resistant and pest-resistant, and there are few natural disasters; fifth, they can fight against all kinds of weeds and win. Therefore, satisfactory results can be obtained whether dandelion is planted on the ground or bonsai cultivation.

nutritive value

Mother-in-law, also known as dandelion, many people have seen it in the wild. Its pollen contains vitamins and linoleic acid, while branches and leaves contain choline, amino acids and trace elements. The main functions of mother-in-law are heat-clearing and detoxification, detumescence and diuresis. It not only has a broad-spectrum antibacterial effect, but also can stimulate the immune function of the body, and achieve the role of cholagogic and liver protection. After blanching, it can eat raw, stir-fry or make soup, such as jellyfish skin mixed with mother-in-law Ding Ding, mother-in-law Ding Ding fried shredded meat; it can also be mixed with green tea, licorice, honey, etc., into a cup of mother-in-law Ding green tea that can clear away heat and detoxify and reduce swelling.

Edible value

Eating method

Dandelion can be eaten raw, fried, made soup, mixed, unique flavor.

[raw]: wash the fresh and tender stems and leaves of dandelion, drain and dip in sauce, slightly bitter, delicious and refreshing.

[salad]: blanch the washed dandelion with boiling water for 1 minute, drain and rinse with cold water. With chilli oil, monosodium glutamate, salt, sesame oil, vinegar, mashed garlic, etc., can also be mixed into dishes with different flavors according to their own taste.

[stuffing]: wash and scald the tender stems and leaves of dandelion, hold them slightly, chop them up, and add seasoning to make stuffing (can also add meat) to make dumplings or steamed buns.

Therapeutic diet

Cold dandelion

[materials]: a handful of dandelions, 1 tablespoon of chopped chili peppers, 3 cloves of garlic

[seasoning]: right amount of salt, 1 tablespoon of oyster sauce, 1 tablespoon of sesame oil, a little chicken essence

[practice]:

1. first pick and wash the dandelion, sit in the pot and boil water, then sprinkle a little salt under the dandelion to blanch it and quickly remove the cold water, then soak it in cold water for a while

2. Chop garlic cloves, add chopped chili, oyster sauce, chicken essence and sesame oil to make sauce

3. Remove the dandelion from the supercooled boiled water, squeeze the water dry, pour in the chopped pepper juice and mix well.

Tips:

1. The dandelion itself has a bitter taste, so be sure to blanch it with boiling water and float it in cold water.

2. Cold dishes are recommended to be cooked again and again with cold boiled water, which is more hygienic.

3. Chopped chili peppers and oyster sauce are salty. No additional salt is needed for this dish.

4. Dandelion, also known as bedding grass, has a very good effect on diuresis; it is rich in vitamins An and C and minerals, which can improve indigestion and constipation; in addition, leaves have the cleansing effect of improving eczema, relieving dermatitis and joint discomfort; its root has anti-inflammatory effect and can treat cholelithiasis and rheumatism.

Minced garlic dandelion

[raw materials]: 250 grams of dandelion, 6 grams of minced garlic, 3 grams of refined salt, 1 gram of monosodium glutamate, 12 ml of balsamic vinegar, 26 ml of sesame oil.

[practice]:

1. Wash the dandelion and cut it into 2 cm long segments.

2. Put minced garlic, refined salt, monosodium glutamate, balsamic vinegar and sesame oil in the container, stir well, add dandelion and mix well.

Fried shredded pork with dandelion

[ingredients]: 100 grams of pork, 250 grams of fresh leaves or stems of dandelion.

[seasoning]: monosodium glutamate, refined salt, cooking wine, chopped onions, minced ginger, soy sauce and vegetable oil.

[practice]:

1. Wash the fresh leaves or flower stems of dandelion, blanch them in a boiling water pan, remove and wash, drain and cut into sections.

2. Wash pork and cut into shreds. Mix cooking wine, salt, monosodium glutamate, soy sauce, spring onions and ginger in a bowl to form sauce.

3. Heat the oil, stir-fry the shredded meat, add the sauce and stir-fry until the meat is cooked, stir-fry the fresh leaves or flower stems of the dandelion until seasoned, remove from the pan and serve.

[note]: this dish can be made with dandelion fresh leaves or flower stems, and the edible effect of flower stems is better.

[efficacy]: dandelion has the effect of clearing heat and detoxification, diuresis and dispersing knots. Pork has the effect of nourishing yin and moistening yang, tonifying middle and replenishing qi. The two match to make this dish, which can provide the human body with rich protein, fat, carotene and vitamin C. It is suitable for furuncle, swelling, red eyes, hematochezia, cough, thirst, gastritis, cold and so on.

Jellyfish dandelion

[raw materials]: 150g jellyfish, 200g dandelion, 5g shredded ginger, 20g sugar, 20ml balsamic vinegar, 1g refined salt, 15ml sesame oil.

[practice]:

1. Shred jellyfish, blanch them in an 80 ℃ hot water pan and soak them in cold water. Remove and control the moisture when there is no salty taste.

2. After washing the dandelion, cut it into 4 cm long shreds.

3. Mix sugar, vinegar, refined salt and sesame oil into sweet and sour sauce, mix shredded dandelion and shredded ginger on a plate, mix the remaining juice with shredded jellyfish and put it on dandelion.

Heat-clearing egg soup

[raw materials]: 100 grams of dandelion, 1 egg, half ham sausage, 6 grams of refined salt, 1 gram of monosodium glutamate, 1 gram of chicken essence, 6 ml of Shao wine, 600 ml of fresh soup or water, 10 ml of sesame oil, appropriate amount of starch.

[practice]:

1. Cut the washed dandelion and ham sausage into thin shreds and beat the eggs.

2. Pour the fresh soup into the clean pot and put it on the fire, add the refined salt, monosodium glutamate, chicken essence and Shaojiu until the soup boils and thicken with water. After boiling again, add the shredded ham, until the sausage floats, pour into the dandelion and pour in the egg liquid. After boiling, quickly remove from the heat and serve in the soup bowl. Sprinkle with sesame oil.

Dandelion red bean carp

[main ingredients]: one carp, 100 grams of dandelion and 50 grams of red beans.

[seasoning]: 6 grams of tangerine peel, 6 grams of apple, a little spring onion, ginger, refined salt, sugar, monosodium glutamate, pepper, chicken soup. The right amount of green leafy vegetables.

[practice]:

1. Remove the scales, gills and internal organs of the carp and wash them. Wash tangerine peel, red beans and apples and stuff them into the belly of the fish.

2. Wash the dandelion, cut it into pieces, put all the flowers and grass into the gauze bag, fasten the mouth of the bag, add water to the pot, and remove the gauze bag to get the thick juice.

3. Put the fish into the basin and add the right amount of onion, ginger, sugar, pepper, refined salt, medicine juice and chicken soup.

4. Steam in a cage for about 60-80 minutes, and the fish can be out of the cage after they are cooked. After blanching the green leafy vegetables in boiling water, add monosodium glutamate to the fish soup to adjust the taste and serve.

[efficacy]: this product has light soup, fresh taste and fragrant medicine juice. Can be used for thirst edema, jaundice hepatitis, beriberi, damp-heat, adverse urination and other diseases.

Dandelion mung bean soup

[ingredients]: 100 grams of dandelion and 50 grams of mung beans.

[seasoning]: appropriate amount of white sugar.

[practice]: wash dandelion in soup pot, add appropriate amount of water, take filtrate, discard residue, put filtrate into soup pot, add mung beans, boil until ripe, add sugar and mix well.

[efficacy]: this soup is made of dandelion and mung bean, which has the effect of clearing heat and detoxification, diuresis and detumescence. It is suitable for all kinds of inflammation, urinary tract infection, adverse urination, constipation and other diseases.

Dandelion rice porridge

[raw material]: 150 grams of dandelion tender seedlings and 100 grams of japonica rice. The right amount of refined salt, chopped onions and vegetable oil.

[practice]: wash the dandelion, blanch it in a boiling water pan, remove, wash and chop it up. Wash the japonica rice clean. Heat the oil pan, stir-fry with chopped onions, add dandelion and refined salt to stir-fry until tasty, mountain pot to be used. Add the right amount of water in the pot, add japonica rice to cook until porridge, pour in dandelion and cook for a period of time.

[efficacy]: the edible porridge taste is slightly bitter, with the effect of clearing heat and detoxification, detumescence and dispersing knots. It is suitable for breast abscess, sores, lymphadenitis and other diseases with remarkable curative effect. Folk is often used for infection inflammation, breast abscess swelling and pain and other diseases. Eating for healthy people can enhance the ability of disease resistance and prevention, moisturize the skin, strengthen the muscles and bones.

Dandelion, water shield, shredded chicken soup

[ingredients]: 50 grams of dandelion, 1 bottle of West Lake water shield, 100 grams of chicken breast, 150 grams of clear soup, 2 eggs.

[seasoning]: the right amount of refined salt, monosodium glutamate, cooking wine and water starch.

[practice]:

1. Wash the dandelion and cut it into sections. Remove the tendon and skin of the chicken breast, soak it in cold water for 30 minutes, remove and cut into shreds, open the water shield and pour into a bowl, remove the eggs and leave them clear.

2. Wash the shredded chicken slightly with clean water, remove and squeeze the water into the bowl, add egg white, refined salt and water starch to mix well. Remove the shredded chicken from the heat after boiling water, put it into the boiling water, then heat the pan, use chopsticks to disperse the shredded chicken, see the shredded chicken turn white into the bowl, soak it with cool soup.

3. Boil 500 grams of clear soup, put dandelion into clear soup and blanch thoroughly, fish into soup bowl. The shredded chicken is also scalded thoroughly with boiling clear soup and put into the soup bowl. Boil the rest of the clear soup, mix it with cooking wine, refined salt and monosodium glutamate, and pour it into the soup bowl.

Features: this product dandelion and water shield are crisp, tender, soft and smooth, and the soup is delicious.

Fried dandelion

[raw materials]: 300 grams of dandelion, one cup of rice noodles, one egg, one bowl of cold boiled water, right amount of vegetable oil and refined salt.

[practice]:

1. Wash the dandelion and control the water.

2. Beat the eggs into the container, add cold boiled water and beat again, then pour in the rice noodles and stir, sprinkle with a little salt and mix into a thin paste.

3. Dip the drained dandelion into the egg paste one by one, that is, starching or hanging powder clothes.

4. Put the oil in the pan over medium heat, heat the vegetable oil until 60% hot, deep-fry the dandelion until crisp green, remove, drain the oil in a leaky spoon and serve.

Features: this dish has no bitter taste, crisp and delicious, and has a unique flavor.

Beef and dandelion in soup

[raw materials]: 400 grams of dandelion, 300 grams of lean beef, 500 grams of chicken soup, a little sesame, salt, soy sauce (or ketchup, jam, salty sauce, etc.).

[practice]:

1. Wash the dandelion into boiling water, remove it immediately, spread it into the bottom of the soup bowl after controlling the water.

2. Cut the beef into very thin slices and cover it on the dandelion in the soup bowl. When the soup is boiled, rinse on the sliced beef. Spread the soup over the meat and vegetables, cover and simmer for 3-5 minutes. In addition, use a small dish to hold seasoned soy sauce or sauce, sprinkle with sesame, and dip it in when eating. Different sauces are used with different flavors.

[features]: use the juicy essence of the soup to maintain the original flavor without oil.