Bonsai art: how to make running waterfalls in bonsai?

The making of bonsai flowing waterfall

With the progress of science and technology, motor miniaturization (or even miniaturization) has made rockery and bonsai add real waterfalls, which has become an important content and landscape of rockery and bonsai. According to practice, running water and waterfall can be summarized into several basic forms, such as Triassic water, herringbone spring, pool, Yongquan and so on.

1. Triple water: at the place of the main peak, a water curtain waterfall flows straight down, and two water curtain waterfalls are made below it. Of course, the shape, size, orientation and position should be different and changed to form a triple water landscape. This method is suitable for large horizontal cloud-type hard stone rockery, magnificent, beautiful and magnificent.

two。 Compound type of herringbone spring, water pool and water curtain cave: several mountain springs flow out of the main peak and secondary peak, and below them they diverge to form herringbone springs, most of the springs gather into the water pool in the middle of the mountain, the water in the pool overflows the waterfall outlet to form a water curtain direct discharge pool, and a cave is built behind the water curtain to form the scene of water curtain cave. this method is suitable for rockery and large bonsai, both soft and hard stone, which is characterized by many contents and changes of running water. The form is lively and interesting.

3. Herringbone spring: as the name implies, a spring gurgling down, midway resistance is divided into two strands, hence the name "herringbone spring", this method is simple and easy, the main peak, secondary peak can be set up this scene, suitable for small and medium-sized bonsai.

4. Pool: generally set in the mountain below 1ax 2, the top is a cliff, below is a cave, there is a water outlet can be a trickle, but also a water curtain waterfall, the pool is not only a landscape, but also make the water pause, calm, and then overflow from the outlet easy to form a water curtain, rockery and large and medium-sized bonsai can be designed.

5. Yongquan: set up a water outlet for the island in the water, which should be set below the water surface and vertically upward. After turning on the pump, the water surface tumbles like Baotu spring. This scene is suitable for rockery and large bonsai with wide water surface.

one。 About Water Curtain Waterfall:

To make a waterfall, you must first understand the two characteristics of water.

1. Surface tension, due to the decrease of the surface pressure of water on the contact surface between liquid and gas, the structure of water molecules is loose, so the mutual attraction between water molecules is enhanced, and the surface tension of water is formed.

two。 The attraction of water to other objects, if water can be attached to other objects in the process of flowing down, water will be attached to other objects downstream, this is the attraction of water to other objects.

To make a waterfall, one is to have a calm, stable and adequate water supply, so that the water can continue to overflow from the spillway, and the second is to make use of the surface tension of the water so that the water flowing downwards can be connected together. third, to overcome the adsorption of water to other objects, it is not difficult to achieve the first three points.

Choose the pump with the right flow rate.

The outlet should be flat, positive, smooth and with a certain slope.

How to overcome the adsorption of water to other objects, our ancestors have given us an answer. In order to solve Rain Water's erosion and erosion of the wall, the ancients invented and used tiles, which extended forward beyond the wall. Rain Water lost an object to rely on in the process of flowing down, and could only flow down naturally, thus avoiding Rain Water's erosion of the wall (urine eaves), so The outlet of Shuiliang waterfall should also follow this principle, so that the end of the outlet exceeds the surrounding and lower objects, and the running water can only flow down naturally in the absence of adsorbable objects, therefore, if you meet the first three conditions, the water can form a waterfall.

two。 With regard to the outlet:

The mountain wants to lock its waist with high clouds and mist, and the water wants to cover its end. Seeing that the running water does not come from will give people a feeling of deep mountain and far water, so the outlet should be set in a dark place. Concealing the outlet can produce an implicit, mysterious and intriguing effect. Before making the outlet, lead the water to the highest point of the mountain (the place of the main peak), cut a round hole at the back of the main peak, and dig a vertical ditch under the garden cave to bury the hose in the vertical ditch. Seal the back of the garden hole and vertical ditch with cement, and the horizontal hole can lead to the garden hole anywhere in front, the big hole can see the running water, the small hole forms dripping seepage, and the effect is different after opening the pump, depending on the needs of the creator.