Is your family meat suffering from genuine soot disease?

Soot disease should be the most famous disease in the bacterial damage of succulent plants. Many flower friends have heard the saying of preventing black, summer heat and soot before they enter the pit.

But I have communicated a lot with flower friends, but found that many flower friends do not know soot disease at all. Some flower lovers always suspect that their meat has soot disease, but when they take a picture, they know that many of these so-called "soot diseases" are not "genuine".

Therefore, when it comes to the prevention and control of soot disease, we should start with the identification of genuine soot disease.

As we have said before, the common bacterial damage of meat can be divided into two kinds unscientifically, one is called internal medicine disease, and the other is called surgery disease. The so-called internal medicine disease, is the fungus runs into the plant body, needs to let the plant inhale the drug to kill from the body. The common medicine for internal diseases is carbendazim, because carbendazim can be easily inhaled by meat after filling the root.

Surgical disease, that is, fungi grow on the body surface of plants, and drugs need to be sprayed directly on the pathogenic bacteria to kill them. There are many drugs for surgical diseases, such as chlorothalonil and mancozeb are all drugs for the treatment of surgical diseases. The way to sterilize is to spray leaves.

So what kind of disease is soot disease? Hehe, it doesn't belong to either category. Soot disease belongs to both internal and external repair type. Let me draw a sketch that is not scientific at all to help you understand soot.

In the picture above, the lower part can be understood as the cells in the epidermis of plant leaves. The thing above, which looks like an alien spaceship, is the pathogen of soot disease, called small soot bacteria.

The small coal fungus has some attached branches, which are similar to the roots of plants. These attached branches can take root inside the plant's cells and absorb nutrients in the cells.

The small soot fungus reveals that there are many spores on the big head on the surface of the leaves, and these spores will fly in the air, forming a strong infectivity.

After looking at this picture, you can understand why I say that soot disease is repaired both internally and externally. this is because the pathogen of soot disease takes root in the plant, and the closed capsule that spreads spores is exposed on the surface of the leaves.

These small soot bacteria look black and insert deeply into the epidermal cells with attached branches, so the authentic soot disease looks like a small black spot, and it is difficult to remove it from the leaf surface by wiping.

Most of the pictures of soot disease circulated on the Internet are inaccurate. There are only pictures of sunburn. Some are pictures of black mold or gray mold, while others are pictures of other bacterial diseases.

Those that have obvious fluffy effect on the surface that can be removed by wiping and cleaning are not genuine soot disease. The pathogens of soot disease do not form a large mildew spot visible to the naked eye. what they look like is that the leaves are dark and dark, covered with very small black spots. The leaves are soft. It was covered with all kinds of small pits. The waxy leaves lose their luster. The leaves wilted and lost water. The stem of the infected meat will also become soft and lose its normal support.

After talking for a long time, let's take a genuine picture of soot disease.

Some flower lovers may think that since the attached branches of small coal fungus take root in the cell, can it be solved directly with internal insecticides (such as carbendazim)?

Unfortunately, no. In fact, carbendazim is not a specific cure for soot disease. Why, I'll draw another picture and you'll understand.

When the epidermis of a plant is infected, the cells die soon. At this time, the fungicides inhaled by plants cannot be transmitted through dead cells, and they will not be able to kill pathogenic bacteria.

To say the least, even if the small soot bacteria inhaled carbendazim was poisoned, we still can not cure soot disease. Why is that? Because the small soot fungus reveals the big head on the surface of the plant, it will continue to spread spores. If these spores continue to fall on the leaf surface, they will continue to take root and sprout again.

When more and more cells are infected and die, these dead cells will also appear black. The epidermis of plants will also become further potholed. The injured epidermis becomes opaque, making it impossible for light to pass through the cells into the underlying healthy cells, seriously affecting the light and function of plants, weakening the self-healing ability of meat, and eventually leading to death.

So, for soot disease, the most frightening thing is the following three characteristics:

The main results are as follows: 1. Internal inhalation of fungicides is not good, even killing molds does not affect the spread of pathogens by external sporoconidia.

2. the dead epidermal cells will also turn black, and then block the light, affecting photosynthesis, resulting in weaker disease resistance of the plant, and the whole plant becomes dehydrated and paralyzed.

3. New spores will continue to fall on the surface of the leaves, causing new infections until the plant dies.

In view of the above three characteristics, we have countermeasures to deal with soot disease. First of all, use protective fungicides, such as mancozeb, to sterilize from the outside, and closely protect the leaves that are not infected with soot disease, so that the scattered spores fall on the leaves and are killed immediately.

Second, we know that there is no cure for leaves that have been infected with soot disease. Even if the mold attached to the leaf surface is killed, the leaf cells that have been infected and died are still black, which block the light and affect photosynthesis. The infected stomatal cells will not be able to close, and the water in the leaves will continue to be lost, resulting in wilting of the leaves.

Therefore, do not expect the meat suffering from soot disease can be cured, those black spots caused by soot disease are permanent. We can only block new routes of transmission so that other leaves are not infected.

If some of the tender poles have been infected and become soft, or if some leaves have been seriously infected, you can consider cutting them off or removing them. In the end, the standard for the cure of soot disease is that the new leaves are clean and show no sign of further infection.

Finally, briefly answer a few common questions about soot disease:

Q: what is the cause of soot disease?

Answer: the spores of small coal fungus and moist air environment are the most important causes. Small soot bacteria can not live in a very dry environment. So if your meat infected with soot succeeds in living to a relatively dry autumn, it is likely to be cured.

Q: does soot disease recur every year?

A: I don't think it makes much sense to talk about relapse. Because mold spores are everywhere, it is almost impossible for us to kill all the spores. When the environment starts to get wet, soot will make a comeback.

Q: what is the specific cure? How to use the medicine?

Answer: the specific drug of soot disease is difenoconazole, which can be treated both internally and externally, that is, it can be used both internally and externally, so the treatment of soot disease alone will be more effective. Mancozeb is my most commonly recommended medicine. The reason is that mancozeb is very protective and can quickly block the spread of soot disease after spraying, thus achieving good results.

When spraying, you need to spray all the meat in the whole space. You don't need to spray a lot of medicine, just spray it with a fine mist sprayer. Repeat spraying every 2-3 days, and it is more important to strengthen the protection of normal plants during treatment.

Q: can the plant with very serious soot disease be saved?

Answer: the leaves that have been seriously infected and wilted can be removed directly, and this kind of leaves can no longer be restored. If some young stems have been infected, showing a soft start, they should also be cut off directly. The only hope for plants with severe soot disease is to sprout again. Even if the infected site is cured, it will not grow again.

The final conclusion:

1. Recognize what soot disease is before treatment, and then treat it in the right way after diagnosis.

2. Spraying all the plants together to block transmission is a serious thing.

3. Soot disease is not difficult to treat at all, and there are specific drugs. The three early rules of early prevention, early detection and early treatment are the secret books to deal with soot disease. Don't use local methods such as alcohol tampons, which are time-consuming, laborious and have little effect. Most of the flower friends who have been wiped out by soot disease are superstitious and do not use medicine.