Bonsai four virtues

(1) there are close structural branches and rods that can complement each other, ring fastening, primary and secondary, protruding center, upper and lower, left and right can cooperate with each other and echo each other, such as the beginning and end of an article. Viewed from below, it stretches back and forth and has a clear hierarchy. The branches with more branches are arranged properly, and the branches with few branches are sparse and angry.

(2) balanced and barycentric bonsai, whether upright, oblique dry, cliff, horizontal, etc., tree balance is very important. If the balance is handled well, the composition is harmonious and natural, and the plant is like health, no matter how its density changes, it appears that the center of gravity is stable and calm, otherwise, it violates the law of plant growth and the plant is not like a real tree, then there is no beauty to speak of.

(3) there are changes, movements, bonsai composition is sparse and dense, sparse places can walk horses, dense places are not ventilated, this is a change, but not up and down average, left and right consistent. But sparse is not so thin that there is nothing, and it is not so dense that there is no standing cone, there is movement and stillness, so that it can appear lively and lively. If there is movement without stillness, it will be chaotic if it moves too much; on the contrary, it will be too quiet and too stillness. When there are changes and movements, they are lively and lively.

(4) having qi and powerful qi is the vitality of bonsai connotation. Qi and force come from Dharma, that is, from the law of plant growth. The principle is the same as calligraphy, according to the style of writing, the turn is straight, the turn is to turn, bold to write, there is power to go, if the pen is half-hearted, hesitant to move forward, whether it is straight, whether or not to turn, naturally powerless.