The planting technology of Chaotian pepper: how to plant the seeds of Chaotian pepper? Introduction to the planting method of Chaotian Pepper

As we all know, this kind of pepper is very popular in Sichuan, Chengdu and Guizhou, which is also the market value of planting it. How to plant it and how to plant it with high yield?

As an excellent economic crop, Chaotian pepper has good planting benefit, and has the advantages of saving money, labor, drought resistance and stable yield. When planting Chaotian pepper, farmers should first select the right varieties, which are disease-resistant, stress-resistant and suitable for spring and wheat stubble cultivation, according to scientific methods to achieve the goal of high yield.

Sowing and raising seedlings

As the saying goes, "spicy seeds plant flowers, eggplant plants pods". Timely early sowing is one of the important measures for high yield of Chaotian pepper, so it is better to wait for seedlings than to wait for seedlings.

The best time for sowing and raising seedlings is from the end of January to the middle and late February. The nursery bed should choose the plot which is leeward to the sun, the terrain is high and dry, the soil is fertile, has not planted chili, and the transportation and water source are convenient as the nursery ground. The seedbed is 1 meter wide, no more than 10 meters long, 20 centimeters high around, and 0.5 meters high in the arch shed. A large area of seedling bed of 810 square meters is needed for each one mu. Apply 400 jin of high-quality mature fertilizer, 1 jin of urea and 0.2 jin of potassium dihydrogen phosphate to every 10 square meters of seedbed, dig into the soil, then pour the bottom water, and after the water seeps dry, cut it into square square with a knife, and point 2 seeds in each square. Disinfect the seedbed with 50% carbendazim 800 / 1000 times before sowing. Sow the seeds 130mm 150g per mu of transplanting land, and sow them at noon on a windless sunny day. The method is to pour enough water on the neat surface of the box, then sow the seeds after infiltration, and then cover the seeds with sifted fine soil 0.5 cm thick, not too thin, cover them with plastic film immediately after sowing, and seal them with soil all around.

Seed treatment

Before sowing, it is generally required to air the seeds for 2 to 3 days, soak the seeds in water, fully stir, fish out the blighted seeds, soak the seeds in lukewarm water for 30 ℃, soak the seeds for 24 hours, soak the seeds in clean water for 4 hours, soak the seeds in 0.3% potassium permanganate solution for 20 minutes, remove the thoroughly washing solution, accelerate germination for 4 days, and sow seeds when the young root length is equal to the seed length.

Seedbed management

In the early stage, the soil temperature was kept at 20: 28 ℃ in the daytime and 15: 18 ℃ at night, and the soil temperature of the seedling bed was not lower than 18 ℃. In the later stage, it kept 1.5: 20 ℃ in daytime and 5: 10 ℃ at night. If the temperature is too low, it can be covered with grass curtain to keep warm and cold, and if it is too high, it can be cooled in the form of "letting out". Adhere to the principle of gradual and orderly progress, must not suddenly uncover the film, suddenly cover the film. If you pour enough bottom water, generally do not water, if really need watering, each watering can not be too much, later can spray 0.2% urea plus 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate to lift seedlings. Fresh film is required. Note that the film should be opened for light during the day, and the grass curtain or film should be properly opened and ventilated in cloudy days when the bed temperature is not lower than 16 ℃. Generally 3-5 days to grow a true leaf, when growing to 4-5 leaves, press 3 cm square to leave a seedling, and pull out the weeds in the seedbed. Sudden fall, blight and anthracnose were controlled with 50% carbendazim 800 × 1000 times and 75% chlorothalonil 600 × 800 times, and aphids were killed with 2800 times liquid enemies.

Timely transplanting

From the middle and last ten days of March to the first and middle of April, the pH value of keeping fertilizer and loose aeration was 6.5 × 8 loam, sandy loam or clay loam, according to the row spacing of 45 × 30 cm, 4000 × 4500 nests per mu, two plants per litter, and the depth of nests was 6 × 7 cm. The requirement for selecting plants is that the plant height is 20 cm, the seedling age is about 60 days, it has 10-14 true leaves, the Internode length is 1.2 cm, the leaf color is green, the root system is well developed, 2-3 lateral roots have occurred, a few plants have buds, and there are no diseases and insect pests. 30 piculs of high-quality dung water, 50 kg of ammonium bicarbonate, 50 kg of superphosphate and 30 kg of potassium sulfate were applied as base fertilizer per mu.

Field management

Chaotian pepper likes temperature, fertilizer, water, not resistant to high temperature, not resistant to thick fertilizer, the most avoid rain and waterlogging. The following points should be done in management:

Cultivate the soil by ploughing. Ploughing and cultivating soil in time can promote the growth and development of Chaotian pepper root system, increase soil temperature and preserve soil moisture. When there is more soil moisture, mid-tillage can also disperse moisture, which is beneficial to root growth.

Dressing up by stages. If there is no base fertilizer, it can be divided into 2 to 3 times of topdressing, about 50 kg of ammonium bicarbonate and 40 kg of superphosphate per mu. If the base fertilizer is applied and there is a lack of fertilizer, 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate plus 0.4% urea can be used for extra-root topdressing.

Prevent falling flowers and fruits. There are many reasons for the falling flowers and fruit of Chaotian pepper, such as high temperature, low temperature, drought, lack of fertilizer, overgrowth, diseases and insect pests. While strengthening agricultural measures, anti-falling element and strong yield-increasing element can be used to protect flowers and fruits.

Pick the heart and hit the top. Chaotian pepper branch type is obvious, one is the main stem fruit branch, the second is the side branch fruit branch, the third is the side branch fruit branch. The main yield is the fruit composition of the accessory branches, so the main stem and bud should be artificially extracted to promote the lateral branches. If the accessory branch occurs late and the fruit cannot mature, it should be removed in time.

Fighting drought and draining water. Chaotian pepper has shallow roots, afraid of drought and waterlogging, especially in the full fruit period, such as lack of water, the yield will be seriously affected. Small water should be watered frequently to keep the soil moist. Hot weather avoid watering at noon, so as not to lower the soil temperature, resulting in fallen leaves, flowers and fruits.

​​ control of diseases and insect pests. The diseases harmful to Chaotian pepper are sudden disease, blight, virus disease, blight and so on, which should be prevented as soon as possible, and the principle that prevention is more important than cure should be adhered to. The epidemic disease occurred frequently from July to August, and the medicine was sprayed every 7 to 8 days, which could be sprayed with carbendazim and chlorothalonil, and insect pests such as cotton bollworm, tobacco green worm and corn borer, which could be sprayed with 3000 times of cypermethrin or 5000 times of Caesar EC. Usually should check carefully, should carry on the prevention and control when the insect is few and small. When the weather is dry, we should pay attention to the control of red spiders, aphids and so on.