Peat

In recent days, Central Radio 7 has introduced the advantages of using peat to cultivate bowls, plant and cultivate flowers and trees, but I do not know whether orchids can be cultivated. I hope you can give us a reference.

Peat soil is peat soil. Peat, also known as black soil and peat, is the plant remains of ancient low temperatures and wetlands, buried in the ground. After tens of millions of years of accumulation, under the conditions of low temperature, less Rain Water or lack of air, the plant remains are slowly decomposed to form special organic compounds, mostly brownish yellow or light brown. It is widely distributed in the north of China, but only sporadically under the low-lying surface soil of some valleys in the south. It is a good substrate for cultivation.

The main plants that form peat soil are peat moss, ice moss, moss and other aquatic plants. According to the burial conditions, plant species and decomposition degree of peat formation, peat can be divided into three categories: low, high and middle peat.

① high peat: formed by long-term accumulation and carbonization of plants buried in high latitudes in the temperate zone. The main plants are Leymus and Bryophyllum, with low degree of decomposition, low content of nitrogen and ash, strong acidity, and pH value between 4 and 5. The bulk density is small, the water absorption and permeability is good, and the water absorption can be more than 10 times of its dry weight, so it is suitable to be used as soilless culture medium, but the pH value must be adjusted to about 5.5 to 6.0, which can also be used to prepare culture soil.

② low peat: distributed in low-lying swamp areas, mainly Carex and Reed plants that need more inorganic salt for growth, as well as alluvial plant residual branches and leaves, after a long period of accumulation, the degree of decomposition is high, the content of nitrogen and ash elements is high, acidity is not strong, fertilizer effectiveness is high, air-dried and crushed can be directly used as fertilizer. Because of its large capacity, poor water absorption and ventilation, it is not suitable to be used as a cultivation substrate alone.

③ median peat: it is a transitional peat between the two, and its properties are also between the two. it can be used not only for soilless cultivation, but also for the preparation of culture soil.

They are essentially different from rotten leaf soil, which is an organic matter formed by accumulation and fermentation of fallen leaves. It is soft and light, and has good drainage and air permeability. it can be directly used as pot culture soil, but it can not be used as soilless culture medium.

I just know that coal is transformed from peat! What I bought is the flower and tree culture peat, 1 yuan 1 jin, what is peat?

Peat is the coal with the lowest degree of coalification. Peat can also be called peat, grass coal or peat. It is composed of water, minerals and organic matter. It is not only a kind of energy, but also a necessary raw material and chemical raw material for many departments of industry and agriculture, and it is a kind of precious natural mineral resources. Peatland also has an important function of nature conservation.

Peat contains a certain amount of humic acid, also known as humic acid. It is a kind of organic matter formed by the decomposition and synthesis of animal and plant remains, mainly plant remains, affected by microorganisms and media. Coal humic acid exists in peat, weathered coal and lignite. Humic acid contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and other elements, as well as aromatic nuclei, hydroxyl, carboxyl, carbonyl, methoxy and other functional groups. these functional groups determine that humic acid has weak acidity, hydrophilicity, ion exchangeability, complexation, redox and biological activity.

II. History of human use of peat

For a long time, peat has been used as one of the important fuels, mainly for heating, and in modern times, it has also been used for power generation; because peat (water moss) itself is a special material, it can be made into activated carbon after distillation, used to purify sand, etc. In Czechoslovakia in the 18th century, peat baths were heated to 40 degrees Celsius and then bathed, which is said to treat various rheumatic diseases, spondylosis, arthritis, gynecological diseases and so on. Since the 1960s, peat has been used in horticulture in western countries as a matrix material for large-scale factory horticulture.

Third, the formation of peat

Peatland can be divided into moss peatland (Bogs) and swamp peatland (Fens). The main difference between these two types of peatland lies in the different conditions for the formation of peatland. Generally speaking, moss peatlands are formed only by plants irrigated by Rain Water, while swamp peatlands are formed by plants with leaf surface water.

When the swamp peatland was formed, it mainly depended on sufficient surface water, which was formed by the accumulation of some reeds, sedge, etc. However, when the water moss peat land is formed, its surface layer is not directly related to the surface water. There is always a special plant-Sphagnum growing on the surface layer of the water moss peat land. Because this kind of cell structure is very large, so the water holding capacity is very strong. Therefore, through the special water holding capacity, the water moss plant can raise the surface water level of the peat land up to a few centimeters below its top. The vertical exchange rate of water in moss peat is very slow. It usually takes about a day for Rain Water to permeate one meter down from the surface, and it may take several weeks for Rain Water to reach the bottom of the peat.

For the formation of water moss peat land and conditions, in addition to the water moss itself, the peat land should not be easily drained, the environmental climate should be that precipitation is greater than evaporation, and pure and nutrient-free water quality is the key to the growth of water moss plants. The PH value of water moss peat land is generally 3mur4, this growth environment makes most plants unable to grow and multiply in it, and water moss plants can grow in this specific environment, through thousands of years of continuous growth and accumulation, and finally form the water moss peat land which is the most suitable as the raw material of horticulture matrix.

IV. Classification of peat

According to the classification method of Swedish scientist Von Post, according to the degree of decomposition and composition of peat, it is divided into ten grades of H1-H10, as detailed in the peat classification table.

Peat classification table

Degree of resolution

Measured value

Types

Rarely decompose

H1

White peat

H2

Baltic states

H3

Medium dark peat

Slightly decompose

H4

Such as: Irish water moss peat

H5

H6

Moderate

H7

Black peat

H8

Such as: low sedge peat

H9

Height

H10

Von Post also suggested the relationship between the percentage of humic acid and sugar in different grades of peat.

The lower the decomposition degree of peat, the higher the sugar content; on the contrary, when the decomposition degree of peat is higher, the humic acid content is higher, so the PH value of peat is lower.

Yuan Donglin