A brief talk on Orchid Associated bacteria and Orchid growth

Eryuan County, Yunnan Province is the main producing area of "Xiao Xuesu". It has a long history of raising orchids and magnolia, and is the place where orchid culture spreads. It is named by the Chinese Orchid Association as the hometown of Mr. Li Yinglong, the owner of "Lotus Petal Orchid Garden".

There are many lovers of raising orchids and art orchids in Eryuan. Most farmers have big snow element, small snow element, Jasper element, lotus petal element, and a few orchid gardens and orchid farmers have planted valuable orchids such as Cangshan strange flower element, Cangshan strange butterfly, Yunnan plum (Baocao grass), tie flower, Jianyang butterfly and so on.

The art orchid said, "it is not easy to raise orchid grass well. It is difficult to grow orchids. This is a reflection I often hear." Why? Because orchids have special growth habits.

From a biological point of view, orchids have the characteristics of nutritional "symbiosis" with fungi in the process of their growth. This fungus, which is symbiotic with orchids, is called "orchid associated bacteria" or "orchids".

The fleshy root of orchid is enlarged, does not have root hair, and can not absorb nutrients directly from the soil. In the process of growth, orchids get nutrients by digesting the hyphae of orchids that invade their bodies, and the supply of this kind of nutrients is different from that of artificial fertilization, so some people say that orchids are friends of orchids.

The orchid bacteria that supply orchid nourishment generally belong to the genus Rhizoctonia, which are distributed in temperate to tropical forest areas, and their hyphae live widely in the soil. In the course of mycelium life, it can secrete catalase, protease, urease and other insoluble organic compounds and inorganic salts such as cellulose, lignin, protein and minerals, making them substances that can be absorbed by themselves and symbiotes-orchids. In addition, orchid bacteria can also fix free nitrogen for orchid utilization and synthesize auxin to stimulate orchid root growth and germination. In this way, orchids get a lot of nutrients from roots and pseudobulbs, coupled with the role of auxin to promote orchids to take root, sprout and blossom.

According to the practical experience of some local orchid experts, orchids and orchids are mutually beneficial and harmless. Orchids supply carbohydrates and metabolites to orchids, which assimilate organic matter, dissolve minerals and other nutrients, together with water, for orchids to absorb. At the same time, because the life of blue bacteria is stronger than other harmful bacteria and bacteria, its mass reproduction forms a physical barrier to prevent the pathogen infection carried by the orchid strain from the soil.

Wild orchid plants begin to be infected and symbiotic by orchids from the beginning of seed germination, while domestic orchids have destroyed this symbiotic relationship directly or indirectly in the process of transplanting, changing soil and dividing seedlings. Therefore, when raising orchids, the seeds can not develop into new plants, and the seedling rate is low, and it is not easy to blossom. In the flower grower experiment with strong technology, after using orchid bacteria and orchid co-planting, there is no longer the difference between autumn seedling and spring seedling, but sprouting all the year round, the height of orchid plant is shrinking year by year, the leaf is broad, the root system expands, the flower is more prosperous, and its growth is closely related to the prosperity and decline of symbiotic orchid bacteria. Of course, in order to make orchids grow well, reasonable daily management methods are also very important. This management method also lays a foundation for creating an adaptive environment of symbiosis between orchids and orchids. Most orchid farmers have reached a consensus in practice, that is, three-point transplanting and seven-point management has a scientific concept and is worth using for reference and popularizing. (Yunnan-Zhang Shaohua)