Three key points for disease prevention of orchids

The disease of orchid often begins with the dampness and dryness of the matrix. The substrate is wet and unclean, the air is excluded, the bacteria multiply in large numbers, and the orchid root is damaged, resulting in a variety of diseases, harming the orchid plant. The matrix is too dry, the meat quality is very difficult, after the loss of water, the meat is withered, the transport capacity is lost, the water and nutrients can not be supplied in time, and the orchid leaves are rough and scorched. The orchid plant, which is struggling on the line of life and death, will open its stomata to absorb water from the air in order to maintain its life. all kinds of germs take advantage of the deficiency, and the disease occurs subsequently. In addition, fertilization, drug concentration is too high, more than the concentration of blue plant cells, causing reverse osmosis to make bluegrass lose water, which will also cause disease.

In order to prevent orchid diseases, in addition to keeping the environment clean and humid, ventilated, watering and fertilizing light and evenly, timely and moderate use of medicine, clean and transparent matrix, suitable light and other measures, but also according to the actual situation of various places, grasp the principal contradiction, targeted prevention and control. In Jiangsu and Zhejiang, the climate of Meiyu season is warm and the air humidity is high, which is not only the golden season for the growth of bluegrass in a year, but also the peak period of various diseases. According to the author's observation for many years, all kinds of diseases are most likely to occur when the temperature is about 22 degrees. In order to avoid diseases, we must pay attention to two things in this season: one is to control watering, and the other is to apply pesticides in time.

In autumn, the climate changes from hot to cool, which is another growing season for bluegrass. The air is relatively dry in autumn, bluegrass is easy to lose water, we should pay attention to timely watering. At the same time, bluegrass after the hot summer, consumption is larger, resistance is relatively weakened, early autumn should be timely supplement of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to enhance disease resistance. Autumn is also the epidemic period of all kinds of diseases, so the pesticide must be applied in time. During the period from the week before the Beginning of Autumn to Cold Dew, orchid should be given medicine every ten days to ensure that bluegrass can grow healthily throughout the autumn and until the next spring.

In winter, orchids need to keep warm inside, and some people put sealed plastic sheds under indoor balconies or eaves sheltered from the wind and sun, and pot orchids are placed inside to receive sunlight. Sometimes the temperature in the shed is as high as more than 20 degrees, making it steamy, and disease spots occur from time to time. Once found, it is useless to apply the liquid to the leaves. For enclosed plastic sheds, including glass sheds, you must always be careful. If the temperature in the shed exceeds 10 degrees, you should open the window in time, open the film, and let the orchid ventilate. In case of high temperature and sunny weather, it should be properly shaded. Do not be exposed to the sun and steam. Mr. Wang Shuping, the late master of raising orchids in Yuyao, emphatically pointed out in the article "talking about the experience of Yilan in the past 50 years" that "people who grow orchids often ignore this point, so they should be reminded of this."

To sum up, orchid cultivation in Jiangsu and Zhejiang areas, on the basis that other management measures can keep up in time, plum season control watering, timely application of medicine; timely watering in autumn, supplement of phosphorus and potassium, timely use of medicine; do not be exposed to sun and steaming in winter, it is the key to disease prevention and treatment in different seasons. If you seize the three key seasons that are prone to disease, the effect of disease prevention will be very different. As for the high temperature season, due to the high temperature, the disease is not obvious, do a good ventilation, shade on it.

In addition, the layout and treatment of the matrix are also very particular. The matrix in the orchid basin should be thick at the bottom and fine at the top, and the level is clear, so that the water will be uniform. The substrates of different thickness had better not be mixed together to plant orchids, so as not to cause excessive water supply and dry shrinkage of orchid roots due to the blocking of large matrix and uneven distribution of water during watering. Before planting orchids, the matrix should be disinfected, which can be exposed to the sun, steamed, or fried in a pan. The aim is to kill germs and eliminate the inherent pathogens of the matrix.

Yu Zongying