Examples of prevention and treatment of "Baylas disease"

The name and quantity of diseased orchid: one group of two buds of "Baoshan", one group of two buds of "Ruiyu" and four groups of eight buds of "Yinzui". Source of diseased orchid: import.

Time of onset: June 1992

Symptoms: under the perspective of sunlight, irregular lesions were found in the leaves, and the condition of each bud in each group was different, which can be divided into: ① virus incubation period; ② disease is mild; ③ disease is serious.

Temporary diagnosis: "Baylas disease"

The grower's psychological status: the food is tasteless, so you can borrow it.

Doctor Lan's opinion: try your best to treat

Prescription: ① isolation observation and surgical resection of diseased lobe if necessary.

② changes the environment and plant materials.

Medicine (organic matter fertilizer) supplies it inside, while herbal medicine attacks it outside.

I. isolation observation and surgical resection

The orchid shed should be inspected frequently, and the diseased leaves with depression and spread should be immediately isolated when it is found that a certain orchid is infected with "Byras" disease. If the focus of the pseudobulm is found to be serious, it should be removed at the same time, and the diseased leaves and corms removed should be burned centrally immediately. The diseased orchid after resection should be placed in the traditional orchid shed with better ventilation, and the postoperative scissors should be strictly sterilized. When removing the diseased orchid, the place that has been in contact with people's hands, and rinse it with soapy water before you can come into contact with other strong national orchids.

II. The method of solidifying the foundation and cultivating the element

The purpose of this method is to make the national orchid absorb more and better organic elements, strengthen the physique and improve the immune ability. This method can be divided into two steps, the first step: first, change the plant material, the original imported country orchid, including Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macao and other places, basically use snake wood, longan bark, water moss, magic soil, ceramsite and other plant materials, these plants are of great benefit to the breathing of the roots of the national orchid, but there is no organic matter fertilizer itself (except that the longan bark produces short-lived and weak organic matter when it is about to rot). The growth function of terrestrial orchid is more active at 18-28 degrees, but the absorption of organic fertilizer is also very slow. When the temperature is too high or too low (below 13 degrees or above 35 degrees), too much organic matter fertilizer is applied. On the contrary, it is harmful to the growth of the national orchid, so it is more ideal to use plant materials to help absorb part of the organic fertilizer, and then released by the plant materials to supply the orchid root absorption. But it is a pity that the above plant materials can not do this.

At present, it is also right to apply different methods and go their own ways on the issue of planting materials, because the temperature and humidity in different places are different, and the sources of plant materials are different, so measures should be taken in accordance with local conditions. The following is about the plant materials I use and the analysis of plant materials:

(1) the plant material from the middle to the bottom of the orchid basin: use charcoal or ancient green brick. Charcoal itself is organic fertilizer, charcoal can absorb and preserve it. Unfortunately, the water absorption is a bit strong, so the bottom plant should be controlled at about 20%. Ancient green bricks (each 0.6-1.2cm) are better at the bottom of the basin, because ancient green bricks are made of better clay, fired with firewood and mountain grass, and passed through. Over the years of weathering, moderate water absorption, can also plant some fermented organic fertilizer, the amount of each pot can account for 40% to 70% of the total plant material.

Incidentally, if we use modern red brick grains, it is not so ideal, because there is a lot of coarse sand in modern red bricks, which is basically mixed with pulverized coal during preparation, the fire is not dissipated, and the sulfur is extremely heavy, which is not conducive to the growth of Guolan.

(2) planting material from the orchid basin to the face:

Botanists divide orchids in the world into terrestrial orchids and aerial orchids. National orchids are basically terrestrial orchids, and there is nothing wrong with using soil to cultivate orchids. After years of trial, the author has found that it is ideal to use traditional pond mud, but the choice of pond mud is a very important link. It is necessary to choose the village side fish ponds with a long history (the best in the last few decades), deeper water and fatter water quality. Fish fry ponds are superior to adult fish ponds. Because fish fry ponds and farmers put peanut drums, bean drums and other feed to feed fish fry every day, some of the fry are bait, and the other part sinks to the bottom of the pond. After fermentation, the fish fry are fed. A lot of zooplankton, phytoplankton and organic clastic genera were cultivated. Salvage such pond mud after drying, when in use, crushed into 1-2cm granule sieve powder do not want, in the orchid basin 2mi 3 years will not dissolve, the above pond mud contains a lot of organic fertilizer, can be absorbed by the national orchid in a long period of time.

Step 2: apply organic fertilizer. ① liquid organic fertilizer: use flower or bean drum 5%, human urine 40%, white Yan Zai (seafood shellfish) 5%, add water 50%, add tangerine peel 6, mix and seal in a container, ferment for more than 4 months. When applying, the parts below the false corm should be watered with 20 times diluted water, and a little water should be sprinkled after fertilization. The policy of thin application should be carried out (strong orchid should be applied once a quarter, diseased orchid should be applied three times a month). But the national orchid dormant period can not be fertilized, please remember not to mistake; (2) solid organic fertilizer: 90% peanut drum or bean drum, 5% white clam (rich in calcium, such as inland conditions, beef bone powder or other calcium can be used) mixed and processed into powder or small particles, add 5% human water, packed in a container, and dried for 4 months. If maggots appear in the fermentation process, you can use "trichlorfon" to spray. Application method: sprinkle solid fertilizer on the plant surface. Release amount: first of all, it is necessary to examine the size of the orchid basin, the number of orchid plants per pot, the strength of the orchid body, the state of water absorption, and so on. For example: the general normal big orchid basin, big leaves report age class more than 10 buds per basin, and absorb relatively well, each basin can be given 4-6 money each time. For those who use Lanto (small basin), special attention should be paid to the quantity. In principle, it is better to have less than more. At the same time, we should also pay attention to the national orchid dormancy period to be less or not drenched, so as not to accelerate the dissolution of solid organic fertilizer, the national orchid itself can not be absorbed, in this case, it will often cause root fat injury.

Third, use herbal medicine to treat

Using raw sun-cured tobacco (Xinhui, Taishan, Zhongshan, Gaohe and other places as raw cut), the main vein bone of tobacco leaf (referred to as tobacco bone) is one of the ancient pesticides in China. Our ancestors used in vegetable mites, citrus orange leaf rust and so on.

How to make and use:

About 5% of the tobacco bones were soaked in boiling water for 24 hours to remove the tobacco bones, and the rest of the solution was filtered and sprayed with leaf surface and back, false corm and even orchid root; every part of the whole orchid was required to stick the liquid to be qualified. 30 minutes after spraying, the leaves of the national orchid glowed and dazzled (the action process of plant oil of tobacco bones). Special attention should be paid when spraying: do not spray the liquid into the new bud core, and the root should not be sprayed too much, otherwise it will affect the growth of national orchid.

Using the same method mentioned above, spray twice a day (every four hours) continuously for 10 days as the first course of treatment; stop the drug for 10 days followed by the second course of treatment, continuously spray for five days, stop for 10 days, followed by the third course of treatment, continuous spraying for another five days. Spray when the best choice of temperature between 18-26 degrees, should pay attention to the spraying period can not let Rain Water rinse or sprinkle with water on the leaf, so as not to affect the efficacy. When it has to be drenched, please drench on the plant surface.

After 40 days of observation before and after three courses of treatment, the obvious sunken lesions basically controlled the non-spread, and the irregular yellow and white spots gradually disappeared under the perspective of sunlight or light. Lan you, if this group of national orchid is your pet or the treasure of the town shed, please continue the fourth, fifth and sixth course of treatment, the effect will be better. Because tobacco is an herbal medicine with no major side effects, it is of great benefit to the national orchid. In order to ensure the efficacy, the preparation had better be prepared once every 3 days. If the preparation is used for a long time, it will oxidize and deteriorate so that part of the liquid will be converted into organic fertilizer and the efficacy will be reduced. But you can continue to use it and don't waste it.

The course of medication required for "Bayas disease" is relatively long, and generally requires treatment of 1 Murray for 2 months or even longer. If Lanyou lacks the mental preparation for a "protracted war" and does not adhere to systematic treatment (for example, diligent application, thin application of organic fertilizer, selection of plant materials rich in organic elements, etc.), it will often lead to a recurrence of the disease.

After two years of experiments on drugs and comprehensive treatment of "Bayas disease", the author does not dare to say that the disease has been cured, but it can basically control the spread and transfer of the virus, and the milder disease orchid can regain its youth. make its leaves thicker, chlorophyll increased, bright luster, spring buds in 1993 and 1994 have not yet found the heredity of the virus, and full of vitality, thriving. (Li Guoming)