The use of sawdust and orchid particles

The plant materials of potted national orchid require loose and breathable substrate, large water holding capacity, easy irrigation and drainage, comprehensive nutrients, and can maintain these properties under the condition of long-term watering, except that the PH value is slightly acidic and does not contain diseases and insect pests. In this regard, the traditional orchid plant likes to use the mud under the orchid forest, its nutrients are comprehensive, but the ventilation is insufficient, and it is not easy to get in the non-orchid area. Several kinds of granular substrates are often used overseas, but the disadvantage is the lack of nutrients and the need to apply special liquid fertilizer frequently. According to the physiological characteristics of Langen, the author used coarse sawdust, mountain mud particles, acid round soil particles, weathered rock particles, broken brick particles, peat soil particles, rotten wood and bark pieces, peanut shell, walnut shell, water moss and fermented oil orange as plant materials according to local conditions. good results were obtained when several kinds of orchids were layered or mixed.

The characteristics of this method are as follows: after mixing the above five kinds of plant materials, four levels of filtration, air permeability, nutrients, fixed stem and basin surface are set up from the lower part of the basin to the mouth of the basin, and the nutrients, moisture and porosity of each layer show different gradients, which can not only meet the different nutrient needs of old, strong and young roots, but also retain water and air, and obviously reduce the suspicion of rotting roots caused by too much water and fertilizer, so that the roots are developed, and the blue buds grow early and grow fast. The effect of planting orchid with green leaves.

The types of materials used in each layer are roughly as follows: (1) the thickness of the lower part of the basin (the height of the basin, the same below) is the filter layer, covering the drainage hole at the bottom of the basin with several tiles, and filling it with charcoal and broken brick tree slices the size of broad bean, which has large pores and can maintain the function of German water for a long time. (2) the middle and lower part is 1 / 4 thick for breathable bottom fertilizer layer: the amount of sawdust is 50% (volume ratio, the same below), 20% of mountain mud or round soil particles, and the remaining 30% are made of decaying wood grains, peat grains, peanut shells or walnut shells, weathered rock grains, etc., add a spoonful of fermentation oil, mix and put on the basin. The particle size is the size of pea, and the sawdust can be covered with a single layer of filtered water layer or mixed with other substrates. (3) the thickness of the middle part of the basin is 1 / 4, with 60% of mountain mud or peat grains, 20% of wood layers, 20% of weathered rock grains or broken brick grains, and then mixed into the basin. (4) the middle part of the basin is stemmed and permeable, and the fertility is low. Sawdust accounts for 60%, weathered rock particles and broken bricks account for 40%. (5) the fourth layer is the basin layer, which is covered with a layer of water moss or rice-grained rock and broken bricks on the arched basin, in order to prevent the basin from being washed out during watering. The amount of sawdust accounts for about 50% of the volume in the basin.

The practice of planting orchids in the past 6 years has proved that root watering is the last phenomenon (growing grass is not fueled and withered, ripe grass should increase fertility). After 6 months and 10 months, due to the decomposition of sawdust, the basin soil sinks, and when the bulb orchid root appears, it is not necessary to turn the basin, but to add sawdust and several kinds of substrates (50% each). The organic nutrients produced by sawdust, rotten wood, bark, peanut shell and walnut shell in the second year were watered away, while others were absorbed by orchid root or fixed by soil, brick and rock grains. it is also absorbed by orchid root, which obviously promotes the development of root. If the leaf color is too light, the amount of fertilizer application can be increased according to different conditions. Other maintenance methods can be carried out as usual. (Zhang Zhengguo)