Classification and appellation of microorganisms

Recently, I have benefited a lot from reading posts. But there is a small problem: many people still don't know much about the classification of microbes. Allow me to point out. Also, let me drop my schoolbag (don't bother me): for example, there is a post titled "is stem rot a bacterial virus or a fungal virus?" (thank you for the hard work of the owner of the post), bacteria are bacteria, fungi are fungi, viruses are viruses, and they are three microbial species juxtaposed with each other, as called in the title, which seems a bit confusing. I think it's appropriate to call it "is stem rot a bacterial disease or a fungal disease?"

So drop the book bag as follows:

Classification of microorganisms:

At the end of the 19 th century, organisms were only divided into the plant kingdom and the animal kingdom. With the development of microbiology, it is considered that microorganisms do not belong to these two realms, and the concept of protozoa (Protista) is put forward. There are two cell types in protozoa, eukaryotic cell type (Eukaryotic) and prokaryotic cell type (Pokarytic). Fungi belong to eukaryotic type and bacteria belong to prokaryotic type. The virus is called acellular type because it has no cellular structure.

one。 Eukaryotic microorganisms: highly differentiated nuclei, with nuclear membranes, nucleoli and chromosomes. There are complete organelles in the cytoplasm. Fungi fall into this category. The fungi related to orchids are as follows:

1. Alternaria spp. Cause anthracnose of orchids.

two。 Brown Phytophthora. Orchid blight was introduced.

3. Fusarium. Causing basic rot of orchids.

4. Deba has Pythium. Cause orchid rot.

5. Rhizoctonia solani. Cause orchid root rot.

6. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Causing Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.

7. Prunus przewalskii. Cause orchid leaf blight.

8. The leaf spot is a fungus. Cause orchid leaf spot disease.

9. Alternaria is a fungus. Cause orchid black spot disease.

10. Cercospora fungi. Cause orchid sand spot disease.

11. Fungi of the genus Botrytis. Causing orchid tip blight.

twelve。 Small sclerotiorum. Causing white silk disease of orchids.

13. Botrytis cinerea is a fungus. Cause orchid flower rot.

two。 Prokaryotic microorganisms:

Only primitive nuclear structure, no nuclear membrane and nucleolus, few organelles, most types of microorganisms belong to this category, such as bacteria, actinomycetes, spirochetes, mycoplasma, chlamydia and rickettsia. Closely related to orchids are bacteria, of which two are the most important:

1. Soft rot Euclidean bacillus. Causing bacterial soft rot of orchids.

two。 Pseudomonas spp. Cause bacterial brown spot of orchid.

three。 Non-nuclear microorganisms: small in size, capable of passing through an antiseptic filter, no cell structure, no complete enzyme system, must grow and reproduce in living cells, only nucleic acid and protein capsids. There are many kinds of viruses related to orchids, which can be searched and queried in old posts. I will not repeat it again.