Potted soil knowledge teaches you to know and use soil.

As an important support of plant growth, soil plays a very important role in the process of plant growth. However, according to the growth needs of different plants, the composition of soil is also different. Let's take a look at it. How to choose the soil according to the needs.

1. Basic composition of soil

The basic components of soil are sand, clay and humus (substances formed after decomposition of animal and plant residues).

2. Ideal soil

Plants can grow well only if the soil has good drainage, water retention and air permeability, and is rich in nutrients needed by plants. The ideal soil consists of a mixture of sand, clay and humus in an equal proportion. The composition of the soil in your garden or vegetable field should be close to this proportion.

3. Soilless cultivation

Soilless cultivation is a technique that uses substrates (including rock wool, peat, vermiculite, perlite, bark, sawdust, water, etc.) and nutrient solution instead of soil. Soilless cultivation has not only fast growth, high yield and good quality, but also few diseases and insect pests, sanitary and tidy, which only needs to irrigate nutrient solution, and the management is very convenient.

4. Cultivated soil for soil cultivation

Soil cultivation can also be used to grow vegetables at home. Compared with soilless cultivation, soil cultivation also has its advantages, such as strong buffer to PH, good fertilizer and water conservation capacity, various beneficial bacteria activities conducive to plant growth, and so on.

5. The organic cultivation soil is usually used to grow vegetables in the family.

In order to meet the needs of the growth and development of potted flowers, according to the different requirements of various varieties of soil, the artificially specially prepared soil is called culture soil, which is rich in nutrients, has good drainage and permeability (air permeability), can keep moisture and fertilizer, does not crack when dry, does not bond when wet, and does not crust after watering.

There are many kinds of cultivated soil, and the commonly used ones are:

Rotten leaf soil

It is made of fallen leaves, withered grass, vegetable peel and so on. Pile these materials into the human pit, according to a layer of leaves (or withered grass, vegetable peel), a layer of garden soil, sprinkle some livestock or poultry dung and urine repeatedly accumulate several layers, cover the soil and cover the top, after more than half a year, mix the rotten leaves with the garden soil, and then sift, dry, collect and store. This kind of culture is rich in humus, has excellent physical properties, is beneficial to fertilizer conservation and drainage, and the soil is loose and acidic.

Stable manure soil

Barnyard manure is made of cow manure, horse manure, pig manure, sheep manure, poultry manure and soil weeds through accumulation, fermentation and maturation. It should also be dried and screened after ripening. It contains nutrients and humus.

Garden soil and field mud

Garden soil and field mud refer to the topsoil in the garden or in the field, that is, the ripe soil of cultivated crops is stored indoors after accumulation and exposure.

Pond mud

Pond mud is widely used in the south. The pond mud is dug out into thin blocks, dried and stored in the sun, and the thin pieces are broken when used. it has the advantages of high fertilizer content, good drainage performance, neutral or slightly alkaline.

Rice chaff ash

Rice chaff ash is mainly rice husk or rice straw ash, also known as plant ash, plays the role of loose soil, conducive to drainage, potassium fertilizer, alkaline.

Yellow sand

Generally, using river sand as culture soil is beneficial to drainage and aeration. Rinse with clean water before use and use after removing salt.

Sawdust

After the sawdust is fermented and ripened, it is prepared with the soil to make the cultivated soil loose and have good water retention performance. it is a newly developed cultural soil material in recent years.

Brick slag

Smashing tiles or bricks is good for drainage and ventilation, but lack of fertilizer.

Garbage soil

Garbage soil is called "soul soil", which is made up of waste soil after dumping basin and adding manure. After the soil is rotten, it is screened and dried in the sun.

How to prepare culture soil?

Due to the different requirements of various plants for nutrients, acid and alkali tolerance, drainage and ventilation, and the proportion of preparation is also different, the basic requirements for cultivated soil should be based on the following principles:

With an appropriate proportion of nutrients, including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other trace elements.

It is required to be loose, aerated and well drained.

Diseases, pests and other harmful substances that do not harm the growth of flowers and trees, such as insect pupae.

Remove grass roots, gravel and other sundries, sift and carry out general disinfection, such as exposure to sunlight or heating and steaming.

The preparation methods of culture soil for several different plants are as follows:

Sowing and seedling soil

2 parts of rotten leaf soil, 1 part of garden soil, a small amount of stable fertilizer and a small amount of sand. Or use 1 part of rotten leaf soil, 1 part of garden soil, 1 part of rice chaff ash and a small amount of stable fertilizer.

General soil for potted flowers

1 part of rotten leaf soil, 1 part of garden soil, 0.5 part of rice chaff ash and 0.5 part of stable fertilizer soil. One part of rotten soil, 1.5 parts of garden soil and 0.5 part of stable soil. There are 0.5 parts of rotten leaf soil, 2 parts of garden soil, 1 part of stable fertilizer soil and 0.5 part of rice chaff ash for shade-tolerant plants.

Cutting soil

Cuttings are often made of yellow sand or frogstone because there is no nourishment before rooting. If you use 1 part of garden soil, 1 part of rice chaff ash, or 1 part of garden soil, 1 part of rotten leaf soil can be used. For some flowers, rice chaff ash cuttings can be used alone.

Acidophilic plant soil

Add a small amount of yellow sand to mountain mud, rotten leaf soil and garden soil.

Pulpy plant soil

0.5 parts of yellow sand, 0.5 parts of garden soil and 1 part of rotten leaf soil can be used. Or use 1 part of brick slag and 1 part of garden soil.

Camellia, rhododendron and Michelia mollissima

2 parts of rotten leaf soil, 1.5 parts of yellow mud, 0.5 parts of coke ash, 1 part of sand, adding a small amount of bone powder, etc.

Orchid soil

A few days ago, most of them use black mountain mud, that is, rotten leaf soil naturally accumulated by fallen leaves in mountain forests, or add a small amount of yellow sand to the decaying leaf soil.

In addition, there are the following soil types:

Loose soil

2 parts of garden soil and 1 part of rice chaff ash. Suitable for cutting.

Light fertile soil

1 part of garden soil, 2 parts of rotten leaf soil and 1 part of stable fertilizer soil. It is suitable for plants with weak root development and fine seeds.

Heavy fertile soil

2 parts of garden soil, 1 part of rotten leaf soil and 1 part of barnyard manure, which are suitable for the cultivation of general flowers. 2 parts of clay fertilizer garden soil and 1 part of stable fertilizer soil, which are suitable for cultivating plants with thick roots and rhizomes, such as palm, cycad and so on.

Well, is it much easier to identify? Potted soil is also a lot of knowledge, so if you want to grow a pleasant potted plant, we should also use more thoughts on the soil.