Bergamot has such characteristics.

Another name for bergamot

Bergamot, five-finger tangerine, Feilong, mandarin, five-finger citron, five-finger orange.

The living habits of bergamot

Bergamot is a tropical and subtropical plant, like warm, humid, sunny environment, not resistant to cold, frost and drought, shade, barren, waterlogging. There is plenty of rain. It is suitable to be cultivated in areas where there is no freezing in winter.

The optimum growth temperature is 22-24 ℃, the overwintering temperature is above 5 ℃, the annual precipitation is 1000-1200 mm, and the annual sunshine hours is 1200-1800 hours. It is suitable for growing in acid loam, sandy loam or clay loam with deep, loose and fertile soil, rich in humus and good drainage.

Distribution of origin of bergamot

Bergamot is distributed in Fujian, Guangdong, Sichuan, Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces in China. In Guangdong, it is planted in the open area of hilly plain with an elevation of 300 to 500 meters, while in Sichuan, it is distributed in the hilly areas of 400 to 700 meters above sea level, especially at the top of the hills.

A complete collection of bergamot varieties

Guangdong big fruit species bergamot: the tree is tall and the trunk is grayish brown. The branches are greenish, the branches have sharp spines, the long branches are easy to droop after hanging fruit, the short branches are many, and the tips of the tender shoots are purplish red. The leaves are larger, similar to pomelo leaves. The fruit is larger, the yield is higher, the fruit size is more uniform, light yellow when ripe, with a special aromatic smell. It is one of the best cultivated varieties of bergamot.

Nanjing species of bergamot: tall trees, grayish green stems, small leaves, about 8 cm long and 5 cm wide, green leaves and green shoots. The flowers are white, and there are more male flowers from April to May and more bisexual flowers from late June. The fruit is slightly smaller than the big fruit in Guangdong. When the young fruit falls seriously, it is not easy to drop fruit when the fruit grows to 2 centimeters long. The fruit is light golden yellow when it is ripe, and there are two kinds of fruit: fist fruit and open fruit. The yield of this variety is high, the annual phenomenon is not significant, the tree growth is exuberant, and it is easy to grow branches and erect branches.

Large kind of bergamot: the tree is tall, slightly smaller than the Nanjing species, the branches are green and grayish brown, there are not many branchlets, the long branches are easy to droop, and open field planting needs to be set up. The leaves are larger, about 11 cm long and 6 cm wide, with dark green leaves and dark purple shoots. The flower is purplish red, larger, slightly larger than the Nanjing species. The fruit is also larger, the largest single fruit can reach 1 kg, most of them are clenched fruit, the size of the year phenomenon is significant, cold tolerance is worse than Nanjing, the yield is not high, less planted in production.

Small bergamot: the stem is light gray, the plant is short, and the flowers are white. The fruit is small, the ripening period is early, and most of them are fist-clenched fruit with sufficient fragrance. The cold resistance is poor and the yield is low. Generally more for potted plants (bergamot pot technology), less for cultivation.

The value Application of bergamot

Ornamental value: the ornamental value of bergamot is different from the general bonsai flowers. Bergamot flowers are white, fragrant and open in clusters, which are very lovable. To the fruit ripening period, its shape is like finger shape, fist shape, fist finger shape, hand cover shape. The shape is like a human hand, lifelike. Bergamot can not only be used for pot appreciation, but also can be used to cut fruit, decorated in the bouquet, do not have some beauty.

Medicinal value: bergamot is covered with treasures. Root, stem, leaf, flower and fruit can be used as medicine, such as pungent, bitter, sweet, warm and non-toxic; entering the three meridians of liver, spleen and stomach, it has a variety of medicinal functions such as regulating qi and resolving phlegm, stopping vomiting and distension, soothing the liver and invigorating the spleen, and stomach.

Bergamot essential oil. Bergamot peel can squeeze essential oil, fresh and elegant, similar to orange and lemon, slightly floral, integrated fruit and floral aroma, is one of the most commonly used essential oils in perfume.

Edible value "bergamot fruit is rich in nutrition, can drink tea after drying, can also be used fresh, and has a good dietotherapy effect." The outer surface of the fruit is orange, yellowish green or brownish green, with wrinkles and oil spots. The flesh is yellowish white with vascular bundles dotted or linear. It is hard and brittle and flexible when exposed to moisture. The gas is fragrant, the outer taste of the pericarp is slightly spicy, and the internal taste is sweet and bitter.

The Flower language of bergamot

The flower language of bergamot is auspicious and lucky.

Bergamot is favored by people at home and abroad, especially the Chisong Golden bergamot in Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, because Chisong Township is the place where Wong Tai Sin becomes immortal, so the people of Chisong call it "immortal fruit" to worship Wong Tai Sin. Today, friends and businessmen from Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan, Singapore and other places come here to visit pilgrimage fairies as treasures and bring fairy fruits as gifts to their relatives and friends to show good luck and luck.