What does rational fertilization mean? What is the significance of rational fertilization?

What should be done to rationalize fertilization? Do you know? Don't apply fertilizer indiscriminately, waste fertilizer, and can't make the crops absorb properly. So let's take a look.

For a long time, under the public fertilizer production and marketing system, in order to reduce the burden of farmers, the policy of low fertilizer price has been adopted, especially since the mid-1970s, fertilizer resources are abundant, private fertilizers participate in the competition in the market, and farmers can choose to buy fertilizer freely. In addition, due to labor shortage and high wages in rural areas, in order to save fertilizer wages, superficial application and a few times and a large amount of fertilizer, resulting in high fertilizer use and waste, but also has a negative impact on environmental maintenance, causing widespread concern among the public.

In order to reduce farmers' fertilization costs, the government promotes rational fertilization measures at the technical level, educates and publicizes farmers to apply fertilizer reasonably according to the fertilizer application amount and methods recommended by agro-technical units' fertilizer diagnostic services, reduce the waste of fertilization in order to curb the increase in fertilizer prices. According to the experimental and demonstration results of various agricultural experimental improvement sites for many years, fertilization according to the recommended amount of fertilizer diagnosis has no effect on yield and quality, and even has the benefit of increasing yield or improving quality.

Crops absorb more or less various nutrient elements from the soil, and the ones that need more are nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, which are called three elements. Because the three factors affect crop production and product quality, and also account for the largest part of the cost of fertilization, therefore, the application amount, application methods and types of fertilizers are important topics in crop fertilizer management. Generally speaking, short-term crops can recommend fertilizer elements according to soil analysis and determination, while long-term crops still need plant (leaf) analysis and diagnosis to recommend reasonable fertilizer application.

Silicon, magnesium and calcium, which are less required, are often selectively used because of crop and soil characteristics. According to the results of soil response test, the use of calcium and magnesium lime is very important in acidic soil, but some acidophilic crops such as tea and pineapple do not need to be used except in very strong acidic soil (pH value below 4.5), while acid paddy fields need to use silicon-containing fertilizer, such as silicic acid slag, etc.

Very small amounts of iron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum and boron are "trace elements". The content in general soil should be fully supplied, but there may be a lack of local and regional trace elements. once the lack of certain elements affects the growth and yield to the greatest extent, the use of such trace elements can not be ignored, but the lack of trace elements can only be applied according to their symptoms, analysis and diagnosis, and can not be applied arbitrarily. To avoid poisoning or contaminating the soil.

Whether or not various elements are needed and how much they are used depends on soil analysis and the application of plant (leaf) nutrition diagnosis technology. agricultural experimental improvement sites and other agricultural academic institutions in various regions have done a lot of related experimental research over the years. Establish information such as the concentration of different elements of various crops as a basis for crop fertilizer diagnostic services to recommend fertilization.

Fertilization is an effective method to improve the yield and quality of agricultural products, but the type, dosage and use of fertilizers should be recommended in accordance with crop types, cultivation management and other scientific diagnostic techniques in order to achieve the purpose of fertilization. it can also reduce the impact on the environment. Therefore, rational fertilization is to "haggle over everything" in the use of fertilizer, rather than "asking for 50 cents and giving one piece".