The growth process of eggplant: what about eggplant deformity? The cause of abnormal fruit of eggplant

In the process of eggplant production, it is common to see eggplant fruit bent, split, or hard tied up like a stone. The cause of occurrence is mainly affected by variety, plant growth potential, environmental factors and cultivation techniques.

It is pointed out that when eggplant pollen germinates, the lowest temperature for pollen tube elongation is below 15 to 17 degrees Celsius, while below 15 degrees Celsius, it does not sprout at all. Even at 15 to 17 degrees Celsius, germination is significantly poor, and pollen tube elongation is also poor. However, when the temperature is higher than 35 degrees Celsius, the eggplant floral organ is underdeveloped. It is known that the most suitable temperature for eggplant growth during fruiting period is 25 to 30 degrees Celsius. The fruit of eggplant is developed from the ovary and belongs to berries.

In the process of eggplant fruit from flowering to fruit ripening, after several morphological periods, the morphological changes of eggplant fruit are the most obvious, and the morphological periods are as follows:

1.

Flowering period: Corolla spreading, anthers revealing outside the crown, anther pores cracked, pollen scattered stigma.

two。

Petal stage: buds droop, petals wither and wither.

3.

Stare period: the ovary reveals the calyx, the fruit begins to take embryonic form, and the peel of the flower tip begins to be colored.

4.

Technical maturity period: the growth of fruit volume basically ends, and the pericarp near calyx is less white, which is the critical stage for edible fruit harvest and seed growth.

5.

Physiological maturity: the pericarp is aging, the seeds are mature and unedible.

After understanding the morphological structure of eggplant fruit, and then from the process of eggplant fruit development, it is not difficult to understand the causes of poor fruit production. After the eggplant pollinated, the ovary expanded and gradually formed the fruit, but after the Corolla fell off, the sepals remained and gradually increased with the fruit development, and the expansion rate of the young fruit was significantly faster than that of the sepals. When the young fruit protrudes above the sepals, the eggplant fruit in this period begins to enter a critical index of rapid expansion, which is also the period of enlargement of main pulp cells and increase of intercellular space. During this period, attention should be paid to the adequate supply of fertilizer and water to meet the needs of fruit growth and development. At this time, if there are too many results, resulting in competition for nutrients among eggplant fruits, it is very easy to make eggplant fruits grow slowly or grow inconsistently, resulting in bending. If at this stage, there is a lack of water or insufficient nutrient supply, the fruit often stops developing, the skin is rough, the meat is hard, the taste is bitter, and the "stiff fruit" is also formed. However, if under low or high temperature, too much nitrogen fertilizer is applied and too much water is irrigated, the growing point is overnourished, resulting in a large amount of nutrients remaining in addition to meeting the needs of growth and development, resulting in insufficient differentiation and development of flower buds. On the contrary, due to excess nutrition, the cell division is too exuberant, forming a multi-carpel fruit or stamens developed into a rough fruit.

In the investigation of whether the eggplant farmers in the central region used the plant growth regulator, most of the eggplant cultivated in the central region did not use this growth regulator, because during the harvest period of eggplant in the central region, except for poor fruit setting at higher temperatures in July and August, the fruit bearing and development of the rest of the production period can achieve the ideal goal, so eggplant farmers do not use plant growth regulators. Therefore, as long as eggplant is properly managed at seedling stage, pay attention to plant growth potential, balance vegetative growth and reproductive growth during cultivation, and avoid excessive fruit bearing and pests, it is recommended to adopt v-type pruning method, which is believed to reduce the occurrence of deformed fruit.

Note:

Curved eggplant fruit:

Refers to the eggplant fruit bent, can not be straightened.

Split eggplant:

For the eggplant fruit calyx or fruit surface split, so it can be divided into calyx crack and fruit crack.

Calyx lobed:

Most of them are caused by the high concentration of growth regulators.

Fruit split:

Because the young fruit of thrips is damaged, or the surface of the fruit is scraped by branches and leaves, resulting in the stagnation of pericarp growth, or the sudden rain after drought in the process of fruit growth, calyx crack or fruit crack may lead to fruit cracking.

Stiff fruit:

The fruit is small, the skin is rough, the pulp is hard, there are no seeds or only a few seeds, there is no edible value, the main reason is that the unpollinated fruit, especially the flowers at the end of harvest, the easier it is to bear false fruit.