Knowledge of fertilization in Cymbidium

Four seasons orchid needs the same nutrients as other plants. In addition to carbohydrates produced by photosynthesis, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, magnesium, calcium and other trace elements are indispensable.

"Nitrogen" is mainly to promote the growth of leaves and buds, so that the color of leaves becomes thick. When nitrogen fertilizer was too much, the plants tended to overgrow and delay maturity, and the disease resistance was weak; when nitrogen fertilizer was insufficient, the new buds grew slowly and tapered, and the leaves of adult plants were yellow and thin.

Phosphorus is one of the main components of plants. Phosphorus is needed for cell division, seed setting, flower and bud differentiation of roots, stems and leaves. If the plants lack phosphorus, the flowering rate and germination rate are not high, root, stem, leaf growth is also hindered.

"Potassium" is also one of the main elements for orchid growth. However, potassium is not a tissue component in the body, but only exists in the cell fluid in a free state. Potassium's role is to dissolve nutrients and transport them to various tissues. Nitrogen is useless atmosphere; phosphorus is useless phosphorus, if helium or phosphorus is not combined with potassium. When potassium is sufficient, orchid bulbs are large, roots are vigorous, drought resistance, cold resistance, disease resistance can be increased, and flower colors are more bright and lasting.

"Calcium" function and potassium opposite, calcium for solid nutrients to facilitate the uptake of various tissues. When potassium is too much and calcium is insufficient, the leaf base tissue is easy to soften and droop, especially in the orchids; when calcium is too much, the new buds are easy to stop growing. Calcium is soluble in acid and easy to combine with alkali. When the water quality is neutral or slightly alkaline, the absorption rate of phosphorus and calcium fertilizer turns high, and nitrogen fertilizer tends to be slightly acidic. Therefore, more N and K fertilizer should be applied before five minutes of water, and more P and Ca fertilizer should be applied after five minutes of wood.

"Magnesium" is the main component of chlorophyll, if magnesium deficiency, leaf color easy to yellow.

"Sulfur" is the main component of wax on the leaves of orchids. Rainwater contains a large amount of sulfur. The leaves of orchids planted in open rain places will be brighter, that is, because rain contains sulfur.

Other trace elements have similar functions to the above elements, and have no obvious effect on orchid plants.

Cymbidium has strong reproduction rate and high flowering rate, which is very suitable for cultivation in natural environment. Under the condition of no rain protection facilities, fertilizer loss is serious. In terms of base fertilizer, Changhuan wins solid fertilizer directly; top fertilizer is suitable for quick change wins liquid fertilizer.

Long-acting solid fertilizers are divided into organic fertilizers and chemical fertilizers. Organic fertilizer refers to traditional rice bran, bean cake, bone meal, phosphate rock powder, guano, plant ash or seaweed powder, plus microbial fermentation and decomposition of fertilizer, namely the market called microbial organic fertilizer. Its advantages are no odor, fast fermentation, and 3 to 4 times shorter than traditional natural fermentation time. To avoid twin pests, minimize the use of animal organic matter, such as chicken manure, carrion and the like. The surface of the pot should be straight to prevent the roots from being damaged by heat generated by fermentation in the pot.

Long-term chemical fertilizer that is generally marketed compound fertilizer, such as magic fertilizer, good Kangduo and the like. By using the resin gel heat release principle, the fertilizer is slowly released, and the aging period varies from 90 days to one year. Its advantages are odorless, tasteless and convenient to use. The disadvantage is the lack of trace elements.

Quick-acting organic liquid fertilizer, namely the refined vinegar liquid and microbial organic liquid fertilizer of the latest biotechnology at present. its raw material are syrup, soy milk, eggs, milk and other high protein, sugar and a variety of beneficial microbial fermentation decomposition enzyme and amino acids, and plant stewed refined water vinegar mix, and according to crop needs, rice bran (nitrogen) can be added. Phosphate rock powder (phosphorus), seaweed extract (potassium), shell powder (calcium magnesium iron). It is more complicated to make, but it is very convenient to use. It can be diluted and sprayed directly with water, and it can also inhibit diseases and insect pests. It has obvious effects on bright colors, thickened leaf quality and long roots.

Quick-acting chemical fertilizer, such as flower treasure, Baide fertilizer, Yifei Dan, urea and the like. There are two kinds of liquid and powder, its advantage is fast effect, relatively, its loss is also fast.

Solid fertilizer application method, to pot surface or pot surface under an inch for straight, if evenly mixed into the soil, accumulated over time, uneven distribution up and down easy to hurt roots.

Liquid fertilizer application method, it is best to choose in the morning, because most of the liquid fertilizer is a quick-modified fertilizer, no photosynthesis, not for plant absorption and utilization. Don't water before fertilizing, otherwise you lose more than you absorb. (Liu Qingyong)