The balcony can also raise orchid plants.

As the ornamental value and economic value of orchids are more and more recognized, orchids are going to thousands of families. Orchid cultivation requires venues, such as in villages and small towns, where some qualified orchid lovers can build orchid gardens or orchid sheds in the field or courtyard to grow orchids, but now most orchid lovers are urban residents and live in flat buildings. there is no condition to build an orchid garden, orchid shed, can only use the balcony to grow orchids, this is helpless, but also the only choice. However, as long as we make efforts in balcony transformation, variety introduction, pot selection, cultivation substrate selection, light control, temperature and humidification, ventilation, plant protection and so on, orchids can still grow luxuriantly and fragrantly on the balcony.

First, the venue. If there are double balconies, try to choose large areas, more orchids, conducive to operation, and conducive to air circulation, not conducive to the occurrence of diseases, but also can put excess pots, matrix. Should also choose the balcony that can accept sunlight more, the heat accumulates temperature is high, illuminance is abundant, benefit orchid growth. In addition, excessive light can be regulated by a variety of measures, such as light is too weak, it is difficult to make up for its deficiency, even if the compensation cost is high. Conditions should be installed on the outside of the balcony with plastic steel or aluminum alloy windows inlaid with white glass to block strong wind and torrential rain and regulate internal temperature and humidity. If there is no such condition, you can install anti-theft cage, and then install PC surfing board, strong board, bamboo fence, shading net and other wind shading, heat preservation and moisturizing.

The balcony should also prevent the upper layer from dripping water to pollute the leaves, or stagnant water to rot the seedlings, and oil fumes from the lower kitchen. Balcony orchids had better not be placed directly on the ground, so it is inconvenient to manage. Use stainless steel, aluminum alloy, galvanized angle steel and other profiles to make orchid racks with high 80CM to put orchid pots around, which is conducive to observing orchids and planting and plant protection operations; if the location is narrow, they can be made into multi-storey orchid shelves, and the height should be as high as the shoulder height of the upper layer of orchid basins. The balcony floor had better be waterproof so that waterlogging will not leak to the lower layer or cause disputes among neighbors. If it is possible to transform the inward side of the balcony into a plastic steel or aluminum alloy glass wall, the living room, dining room, study and orchid room are integrated with the orchid room, giving people a feeling of pleasing to the eye and looking back on nature. Anti-theft cages and steel plate nets should be installed outside the balcony.

Second, variety. Balcony area is not too large, the introduction of varieties to small and medium-sized plant type is appropriate, this can accommodate some more varieties and quantity. Large orchids take up space and should not be planted too much. of course, if they are high-quality, top-notch, excellent or expected, it is a different matter.

Planting orchids on the balcony advocates less but fine. If you have passed the cultivation barrier, you can choose medium and high-grade orchids, do not pursue rich varieties and a large number of seedlings, but win by quality, planting a pot is a pot. The so-called fine refers to the traditional or new famous products that have won many prizes and are famous and valuable at all levels and types of Lanbo fairs, which are valuable, easy to identify, have many lovers, and are easy to sell. New species with characteristics, grades and prospects in Xiashan orchids also fall into this category. In addition, if the department appreciates the planting, then the spring orchid, Xia Hui, autumn branch, cold orchid and so on can be planted a little, the four seasons flowers bloom, fragrance constantly.

Third, basin ware. The balcony space is limited, so we should try our best to choose a small and medium-sized basin with a caliber of 10-20CM, which can accommodate orchid plants and leave some room for development. The specifications of orchid pots are unified as far as possible, so it is easy to make orchid racks and adjust their placement, and the dry and humidity of the matrix is basically the same and beneficial to management. According to the traditional concept, plastic pots are not ventilated and filtered, but in fact, plastic has better technological performance, basin bottom hole design and basin wall opening have been greatly improved, and ventilation permeability is even better than porcelain basin, purple sand basin, ceramic basin and so on. Black plastic basin helps to absorb heat and increase temperature to accelerate the decomposition and combination of organic matter in the matrix and promote root sprouting, which can be the first choice; plastic basin is light, especially suitable for the use of balcony multi-layer orchid rack; in addition, plastic basin is not easy to damage and the price is low. a better choice for planting orchid on the balcony. Of course, its aesthetics can not catch up with purple sand basin, porcelain basin, pottery basin after all, if you want to pay attention to ornamental, you can choose other basin utensils, but it is appropriate to be medium in size and light in weight.

Fourth, matrix. Compared with the general orchid shed, the balcony seed orchid matrix has no special requirements, but because the balcony is a part of the bedroom, the matrix should be free of radioactive substances, no smell, no toxic and harmful substances, and is not easy to breed diseases and insect pests. it is not harmful to human health and environmental hygiene and safety. The balcony space is small, the water volatilization is slow, and the matrix is too fine and greasy, so we advocate the use of granular materials, such as pine chestnut king, fairy soil, volcanic stone, wind fossils, broken bricks, pebbles, pond cornerstones, peat soil, granular bark, etc., the general requirement is to filter water and have a certain degree of fertility. The moisture in the basin can be controlled by adding water-absorbing and moisturizing plant materials such as snake sawdust, bark, leaves, water moss and so on. More mixing will lead to strong water retention capacity, while less mixing will lead to rapid volatilization and loss of water. In addition, the above-mentioned organic matter can provide some fertility for orchids in the process of decay.

Changing the basin can be combined with ramet once a year or two, as long as the granular material is not discrete, it can still be used after washing and exposure for several days; the old substrate may bring diseases, such as fine orchids, it is better to use the new substrate, the old substrate can be used to grow coarse orchids or other flowers.

Fifth, light. "the growth of all things depends on the sun". Light, temperature and humidity are the three major factors for the growth of orchids, which play an important role in the growth and development of orchids. Most varieties of national orchid like shade and can carry out photosynthesis normally under the condition of 1 stroke of all light intensity. Excessive light leads to the weakening of photosynthesis. Therefore, orchids should be shaded moderately. Different varieties of orchids require different light intensity. Cymbidium needs 60% shade, Cymbidium and Cymbidium need 70% shade, 80% shade, 85% shade, and burning orchid can grow without shade.

Balcony lighting control can be achieved by pulling plastic shading net, gauze curtain and so on. Summer and autumn can be thicker, winter and spring can be thinner, such as sunshine only in the morning, winter and early spring can not pull shade. The leaf color is light, the leaf surface is rough, the flower is more, the leaf bud is less, that is, the light is slightly stronger; the leaf color is thicker, the leaf is delicate and easy to break, the leaf bud is more, the flower bud is less, that is, the light is slightly weaker.

It is difficult for vines to grow enough to shade orchids on the balcony; in addition, the shade degree, shade location, shade time can not be controlled manually, and there is the possibility of breeding diseases, so it is not recommended to plant vines to regulate light. It is better to pull plastic shading net or screen for balcony shading. Such as balcony and living room, study, bedroom close to each other, it is appropriate to pull gauze curtain to increase appreciation. If there is not enough light in the surrounding high-rise buildings, plant lights can be used as appropriate compensation in cloudy days or in the evening. Red and orange light with longer wavelength promotes plant cell growth, while blue and purple light has dwarfing effect.

Sixth, moisture. Water is an important condition for the normal growth and reproduction of orchid plants. Balcony orchid farmers mostly live in cities and towns, do not have the conditions to use river water, well water, lake water, pool water, spring water, collection of snow water, Rain Water is not realistic, the most likely is to use tap water. Tap water can first be put in a container to volatilize chlorine and other disinfectants, and test for the first time with test paper to see if the PH value is between 5 and 6. If it is slightly alkaline, it can be treated with hydrochloric acid or citric acid; if the acidity is too large, caustic soda or caustic potassium can be added. People with tap water in cities and towns can drink normally, and it is not a big deal for orchids. For many years, the author and many orchid lovers have released tap water from water spouts to water orchids, and there have never been adverse consequences caused by water quality.

According to the traditional experience, orchid cultivation is "three-part wet and seven-minute dry" and "dry orchid wet chrysanthemum", but now the newer concept of orchid water management is "heavy water planting orchid", that is, under the premise of using small pots and loose plant materials, increase watering times and water quantity, which is beneficial to the gas exchange in the basin, the decomposition of organic matter in the basin and the absorption of water by orchids. Especially in spring and summer, giving enough water to orchids can make them germinate early and grow rapidly.

The balcony raises the orchid general basin small matrix is few, and mostly uses the granular material, the watering should be a little more, the sprouting period can keep the matrix moist at any time, the dormant period can buckle the water slightly, the florescence is also suitable to be dry.

Balcony orchid watering should open the window to maximize air circulation, waiting for leaf buds, leaf axil water volatilization and then close the window, otherwise it is easy to cause waterlogging rotten buds. Orchids generally open stomata during the day, absorb dioxin carbon, capture light energy through chlorophyll and synthesize carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates, which not only requires water, but also moist air can reduce water loss, so it is appropriate to water when the temperature rises in the morning. Orchids have different requirements for moisture due to different varieties, such as spring orchid and cymbidium should be dry, four seasons orchid should be wet.

7. Humidity. Orchids generally grow in tropical and subtropical humid environments, and the air relative humidity reaches 60%. For this reason, orchids raised on the balcony should try to create a suitable small environment. The humidification methods include splashing water on the ground, laying bricks on the ground (often sprinkling water on it), hanging cotton fabric on the wall (placing a water basin at the lower end of weaving cotton to absorb water), setting a sink under the flower rack, sitting under the flowerpot, using a humidifier, and so on. High-rise balconies do not encourage sprinkling water on the ground and laying bricks to absorb water, because the problem of building leakage is "building cancer", which is difficult to solve completely. for example, long-term stagnant water will leak to the lower floor or adjacent houses of other people and cause disputes.

If a humidifier is available for fine orchids, the power can be matched with the balcony space, and it is not necessary to add too much humidity to the orchid leaves without obvious moisture or wet stains; if economic conditions permit, an ultrasonic humidifier with constant humidity should be selected. will not produce additional heat, but also easy to operate and manage.

The humidity requirements of orchids are also different at different times, such as high requirements for growing period, low requirements for dormant period, high requirements for daytime, low requirements for night, high requirements for sunny days, low requirements for cloudy days, high requirements for heat and low requirements for coolness. It is not necessary to maintain a certain humidity regardless of the growing season, cloudy days and sunny days and nights.

8. Temperature. The most suitable temperature is also the fastest growing temperature of the orchid plant. The national orchid can carry out normal photosynthesis at 5 ℃ and 36 ℃, and the most suitable temperature is between 18 ℃ and 28 ℃. The photosynthesis of 0 ℃ will be inhibited, and the photosynthesis of orchid will be weakened or even stopped when it is over 36 ℃. The leaves and buds of orchid are easy to suffer chilling injury. To this end, we should try to create a microclimate in which the temperature is kept between 18 ℃ and 28 mol.

If there is no special need, the temperature of orchid planting should be semi-natural-that is, conform to phenology, do not use artificial means to control the temperature as far as possible, let it cold, let it cold; if it is hot, let it hot. Of course, if the temperature exceeds the better growth range of orchids, it can also be regulated. You can close the window to increase the temperature during the day; in winter, you can also use measures such as closing the window and reducing shade to increase the temperature; for example, fine orchids can use air conditioners, heaters and Yuba to increase the room temperature; if the temperature is too high, open the window and use exhaust fans, electric fans, air conditioners and other cooling to maintain the most suitable temperature for orchid growth.

If there are few local Greater Cold and Greater Heat, then do not advocate artificial high temperature and humidity, if you do not grasp it well, it may lead to "warm room disease", Bayas disease and other rotten roots and seedlings.

Low temperature is conducive to the hydrolysis and transformation of substances, so orchids grow slowly during the day and fast at night, and the balcony should open windows to cool down at night; low temperature can also promote flowering, especially spring orchids, so it is good for the appearance and color of orchids to reduce the balcony temperature during flowering.

9. Fertilizing. If the orchid cultivation substrate is humus soil, the basin is large, and the soil is changed once a year, there is no fertilization. However, the balcony orchid basin is small Landuo, and most of them are based on granular materials, so it is necessary to apply fertilizer. The balcony is adjacent to the living room, dining room, study and bedroom, so it is not recommended to use farm manure, because it is mostly decayed organic matter, it is inevitable to have peculiar smell, tease insects and ants, and some bring diseases; balcony orchids should be cultivated with inorganic fertilizers such as Huabao, Zhiquan, hair transplant and Huakang, which should be used in strict accordance with the concentration, dosage and frequency indicated in the instructions to meet the growth needs of different growth periods. Urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, compound fertilizer and so on also have definite fertilizer effect, but the dosage should be about 2 × 3 lower than that of ordinary crops, and thin fertilizer should be applied frequently to avoid irreversible fertilizer injury.

The proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium of fertilizer was about 3:1:1 in seedling stage, 1:1:1 in growth stage and 1:3:1 in flowering stage. In addition, other elements should also be used, so the special fertilizer for orchids rich in various elements is also available. Fertilization time can be from the end of spring to the end of autumn, generally 10 rain once every 15 days, avoid strong wind and rain days, high temperature weather fertilization may also cause fertilizer injury, should also be avoided.

Ten. Ventilation. Raising orchids on the balcony can easily lead to poor ventilation, breeding brown spot, white silk disease, shell insects, etc., and the orchid plant is also relatively weak, even folding from the base of the leaf. For this reason, in addition to the windy and cold days at night, windows should be opened to allow fresh air to provide oxygen for orchid respiration and carbon dioxide for photosynthesis, so as to promote its metabolism. increase the absorption and transportation of water and nutrients and the production and accumulation of nutrients.

In addition, the balcony ventilation at night can also cool down, high during the day and low temperature difference between day and night, can promote the growth of orchid plants. Balcony ventilation should also pay attention to such as up and down the floor or neighbors is the kitchen, cooking time should close the window, in order to prevent orchids from being fumigated.

Balcony orchid should not be too dense, if the site is really narrow, you can use stepped orchid frame, effective evacuation of orchids is conducive to ventilation.

11. Plant protection. Because the balcony orchid cultivation is not satisfactory in many aspects, the probability of disease occurrence is high, and the orchid basin is highly concentrated, and the infection is also fast. therefore, disease control is also more important.

First of all, it is necessary to block the source and not introduce diseased orchids; second, prevention is more important than treatment, strengthen the daily maintenance of orchids, make them grow and thrive, and have a strong ability to resist diseases; hitting chlorothalonil, methyl thiophanate, Dysen zinc, carbendazim and so on at the beginning of spring can effectively prevent diseases; dimethoate and Gaolubao can effectively kill pests Third, once the occurrence of diseases and insect pests should be killed in time, the use of pesticides should be in strict accordance with the proportion, for those who have not been used in the past, they must first be tried on coarse orchids, and ten days and a half months will be beneficial and harmless after being used for fine orchids.

The balcony is closely linked with other people's work and living environment, so when choosing pesticides, you should try to choose low-toxic and efficient, no residue or harmless human and animal. When taking medicine, the balcony should be isolated from other rooms, and the doors and windows should be opened and ventilated in time after the drug effect is produced, so as to prevent harmful people and pets.

Raising orchids on the balcony is obviously not the best choice for orchids, but it is the only choice for many orchid enthusiasts. For this reason, if you pay more attention, spend more energy, spend some money appropriately on the re-election balcony, and make serious efforts in various aspects of orchid cultivation, you will be able to grow a good orchid with numerous leaves and fragrance on the balcony. I will publish orchid knowledge and pictures every day, take you in-depth understanding of orchids, teach you to easily raise orchids, you can always ask me or leave a message below if you don't understand orchids. If my knowledge brings you help, I hope you can help me or forward it to help more people!