Cultivation techniques of White Orchid

White orchid (Mcheliaalba), also known as white Burmese flower, Burmese cinnamon. Magnoliaceae, Michelia. White orchid is not only the backbone tree species in the southern garden, but also an excellent street tree species, blooming season, fragrance for several miles, making people relaxed and happy. Potted plants can be arranged in the hall. In addition to being used for wearing and decoration, fresh flowers can also smoke tea and extract essence, which is one of the traditional fragrant flowers generally loved by the Chinese people.

(1) morphological characteristics

Evergreen trees, simple leaves alternate, entire, long oval, thinly leathery, glossy surface, light green back. The flower is solitary in the axils of the same year's leaves, white or yellowish, thick, linear and long, extremely fragrant.

(2) Ecological habits

Native to the Himalayas and Malay Peninsula, it is widely cultivated in the south of China, and potted plants are mostly planted in the Yangtze River basin and its north. Sexual preference for adequate sunshine, warm, humid and well-ventilated environment, not resistant to shade, nor to extreme heat and scorching sun. For fear of cold, the winter temperature should not be lower than 5C. Smoke is the most avoided. Because the root system is fleshy, fat and tender, it is neither dry nor wet-resistant, especially waterlogging. Like to be rich in humus, good drainage, loose, fertile, acidic sandy soil, wood is brittle, branches are easy to be broken by the wind. In the south of the Yangtze River, new shoots are sent three times a year, the first from Qingming to Grain Rain, the second during the Meiyu period, and the third around the Beginning of Autumn. The florescence is as long as 150 days, and the flowering is the most from June to July.

(3) methods of reproduction

Commonly used striping and grafting propagation.

1. High-pressure propagation in June to July, select biennial fully developed branches, slightly carved or ring peeled, then closed with opposite bamboo tube or flowerpot, filled with humus soil or moss, tied with rope, often keep the pot moist, take root about 2 months later, cut off the mother plant, and plant it separately.

2. Grafting can be done by means of leaning and cutting. Depending on the connection, the purple magnolia which is about 0.6 cm thick can be selected as the rootstock from February to March, and the grafting can be carried out from April to September, especially from May to June. After about 50 days, the grafting site healed, it can be cut off from the mother plant, and the management can be strengthened. Cutting, using 1-2-year-old Magnolia magnolia as rootstock, grafted in the middle of March, 20-30 days later, the terminal bud leaves, 10-11 pot, moved into the greenhouse cultivation, the current year seedlings can be as high as 60 cm ~ 80 cm, which is faster than by grafting.

(4) cultivation and management

The management of white orchids is very important, which directly affects the posture of trees and the yield of flowers. It is generally appropriate to leave the room before the Qingming Festival to Grain Rain. Before leaving the room, the basin must be changed. Generally, the young plants should be changed every 2 years, and after growing up, they can be changed every 3 to 4 years. Adding loose and fertile soil is beneficial to root development. Watering is also the key to the cultivation of white orchids. After leaving the house in spring, it is better to be watered at noon, once every other day, but must be fully watered each time. The temperature rises in summer, evaporation is large, water is watered once in the morning and evening every day, and the times of spraying water are increased appropriately in the middle of summer. It can be watered every 2-3 days in autumn. Watering should be strictly controlled in winter and only the potted soil should be kept humid. After picking flowers and plants with weak growth, watering should be reduced to avoid excessive growth of branches and leaves or affect their growth. At the same time, the water temperature should not be too cold, it should be not much different from the basin soil.

Magnolia has luxuriant branches and leaves and a long flowering period. it is necessary to apply rotten cake fertilizer every 10 days and supplement phosphorus and potassium fertilizer before flowering to facilitate the germination of new leaves and promote flowering.

Pay attention to the location in summer, poor ventilation, vulnerable to red spiders, scale insects. During the growing period, diseased branches and withered branches should be cut off, and some of the old leaves should be removed to restrain the tree potential and promote bud gestation. From June to July, the flower should be in full bloom, and the fragrance of picking flowers in the morning is the best.