To strengthen structural reform and enhance agricultural competitiveness

Attaching importance to agriculture and strengthening the foundation is the foundation of peace and security for the people. The Central Rural work Conference held before New Year's Day accurately grasped the current agricultural and rural work situation and made major arrangements for strengthening agricultural supply-side structural reform. a practical path has been planned for strengthening the driving force for innovation, planting development advantages, and enhancing agricultural competitiveness.

In recent years, the work of agriculture, rural areas and farmers in China has made landmark and great changes in agricultural production capacity, farmers' income level, rural social appearance and so on, but the problems we are facing can not be ignored. From the perspective of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" themselves, the driving force and stamina for the sustained and healthy development of the agricultural and rural economy are insufficient; from the perspective of the domestic environment, the effective supply fails to adapt to the changes in demand, resulting in a structural imbalance between the supply and demand of agricultural products, and the unreasonable supply structure brings great pressure to the resources and environment. From the perspective of the international situation, in the context of global economic integration, China's agricultural competitiveness is insufficient, and the prices of major agricultural products are upside down.

These contradictions and problems are prominently reflected in the structure, mainly on the supply side, and the core requirement is to produce around human needs, so as to make the supply of agricultural products more adequate in quantity, and better meet the needs of consumers in terms of variety and quality. truly form a more reasonable structure and ensure a more effective supply of agricultural products. Therefore, strengthening the supply-side structural reform of agriculture and realizing the jump of agricultural products from low-level supply-demand balance to high-level supply-demand balance is not only an important task of agricultural and rural work in the future, but also the fundamental way to enhance agricultural competitiveness.

To promote the structural reform of agriculture, first of all, we must understand what to "keep" and what to "change". On the one hand, ensuring the food security of the grain country is the basic bottom line of agricultural structural reform, and this bottom line should be maintained. At present, the "customs clearance theory" and "guarantee theory" of grain are on the rise, and we should be sober about this. More grain at a time is a technical issue, but food security is a strategic issue. we must not let technological problems in development affect strategic decision-making. What's more, China's grain producers are farmers of thousands of households, and once there is a big decline, it will not be so easy to mobilize back. On the other hand, reform and exploration should be deepened, and the development of appropriate scale operation of various forms of agriculture is an important force in agricultural structural reform. However, there are also some problems in promoting moderate scale operation of agriculture: first, the cost of land transfer is getting higher and higher; second, the benefits of industrial development that farmers can share are less; third, there is a trend of non-agriculture and non-grain. Therefore, while promoting land circulation, we should actively explore various forms of appropriate scale operation, such as land trusteeship, co-cultivation and so on, in order to effectively reduce land management costs and achieve cost savings and efficiency. At the same time, policy design should pay more attention to allowing farmers to share the results, especially to study how to ensure the basic income of farmers producing important agricultural products, especially large producers, through subsidies, insurance and other policy support, so as to stabilize production.

Second, we must distinguish between what the market is going to do and what the government is going to do. Market mechanism is the most fundamental driving force of agricultural structural reform, and letting the market play a decisive role in the allocation of agricultural resources is the key to promoting agricultural structural reform. In particular, in improving the price formation mechanism of grain and other important agricultural products and the reform of collection and storage policies, we should not only adhere to the orientation of market-oriented reform, but also protect farmers' interests and farmers' enthusiasm for growing grain, and carry out differentiation policies according to the functional sensitivity and market distortion of different varieties. The structural reform of agriculture cannot be promoted without the guidance and support of the government, and we must step up efforts to ensure investment in agriculture and rural areas.At present, we should not only think of ways in terms of increments, but also optimize the stock. The key point is to make efforts to integrate agriculture-related projects and innovate the input mechanism.

Finally, the fundamental purpose of reform must not be forgotten. The poet Gibran cautioned: "We have gone so far that we forget why we started." Increasing farmers' income is not only the fundamental purpose of agricultural and rural development, but also an important symbol to measure the effectiveness of structural reform. In order to promote the "multi-legged" walk of increasing farmers' income, we should not only find ways to stabilize the market prices of agricultural products and promote the transfer of employment of farmers, but also promote the "mass entrepreneurship and innovation" in rural areas with reform and innovative ideas, find a way out in the structural reform of agriculture, and open up new growth points for increasing farmers' income.

When agriculture enters the stage of structural reform, it is bound to face an arduous and painful process of climbing. However, the steeper the slope, the higher the climb, we must not only have the courage and wisdom to break the existing pattern and reconstruct the development mechanism. We should also have the reform responsibility and historical patience of "planting cool trees for future generations", think about progress day by day, move forward step by step, and make all-out efforts to enhance China's agricultural competitiveness under the leadership of comprehensively deepening reform.