Farm manager: the new hope of grain production in China has realized the mutual benefit of many parties.

According to media reports, Sang Jijun, a villager of San er Village, Pingchuan Town, Linze County, Gansu Province, is busy directing tractors to plough land in the spring ploughing season. Unlike in the past, he is now a monthly paid "farm manager". In 2010, Linze County implemented land transfer, and a local seed company called Oruijin contracted 5300 mu of land in the third and second Village of Pingchuan Town. In the same year, Sang Jijun transferred his family's 18 mu of land at the price of 1160 yuan per mu. Just when he was ready to leave home to plan a way out, the person in charge of the company came to the door to hand over the 23 mu of land contracted by the company to Sang Jijun for management. In this way, Sang Jijun, who had been farming all his life, became the "farm manager" of the company. "the rent of land is more than NT $20,000 a year, and the management fee paid by the company can also get NT $15000 a year, a net drop of more than NT $30,000 a year, which is better than farming!" Sang Jijun pinched his finger to get even: "the seeds and chemical fertilizers are all distributed by the company, and the company pays for watering and cultivated land. Even if I plant, manage and protect the fields in season." When there is a large amount of labor in the harvest season, the company also pays for the workers, and I don't have to worry about the price and sale. " The Oruijin Company has contracted 15000 mu of land in Linze County, which is divided into more than 500 small farms, large and small, all of which employ farmers who are good at planting corn to operate and manage. Because the risk belongs to the enterprise, hundreds of local farmers who have transferred their land are willing to serve as the "farm managers" of the company.

The emergence of "farm manager" is not simply a change in the identity of farmers from generation to generation, but means a deep change in the mode of agricultural production in our country, which brings new hope for grain production in our country.

In a sense, the problem of grain in our country is not a problem of production, but a problem of circulation. The fundamental point is that the price of grain is on the low side and the income of farmers producing grain is low, which dampens the enthusiasm of production. Although the state has implemented the minimum grain purchase price policy since 2004, and the minimum grain purchase price has been raised year by year in recent years, the rigid rise in the prices of means of production and labor prices has led to the low income of growing grain. In order to pursue higher economic benefits, many farmers adjust their planting structure and plant crops with good economic benefits; coupled with a large number of rural labor going out and other factors, there is a large number of grain fields abandoned. If we rely solely on the traditional mode of grain production, it is bound to cause the shrinkage of grain production in our country. With the emergence of "farm managers", this situation will be changed.

The "farm manager" realizes the combination of capital and advanced productive forces.

China, which has stepped into the second largest economy in the world, has a huge capital looking for the direction of investment all the time. The 18th CPC National Congress made the development of agricultural production, especially grain production, a top priority. In 2013, the No. 1 document of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on speeding up the development of modern agriculture and further enhancing the vitality of rural development pointed out: "in accordance with the requirements of large-scale, professional, and standardized development, guide farmers to adopt advanced and applicable technologies and modern factors of production, and speed up the transformation of agricultural production and management methods. Create a good policy and legal environment and adopt various measures such as incentives and subsidies to support joint household operations, professional large households and family farms. "

Although the capital strength from all aspects of society is strong, many of them are non-agricultural capital and are not familiar with agricultural production, especially grain production. The technical, seasonal and other factors of grain production are rarely or even unknown to many kinds of social capital. In order for these capital to function effectively, it must be combined with the most active factor in food production and advanced labor productivity-labor force.

Agricultural producers who can act as "farm managers" have accumulated a wealth of labor experience in the process of agricultural production over the years. Relying on the tradition handed down from generation to generation and the continuous learning of advanced scientific farming techniques, they have become experts in production. However, the congenital deficiency is that they contract too little arable land. At the same time, there is not much accumulation, unable to transfer, expand the area of contracted cultivated land, let alone increase production input. Under the circumstances that they can not get the expected profit from growing grain on a small scale, in order to support their families, they have to switch to cash crops with good economic benefits, or leave their hometown to work and do business. The entry of social capital into the field of grain production provides a stage for these experts in grain production to give full play. On the one hand, you can transfer your contracted land and get the transfer fee, on the other hand, you can contract more cultivated land management provided by social capital and get a salary. Why not be happy to engage in grain production without changing your career and get much more pay than in the past?

The "farm manager" realized the connection between the capital and the local "soil and water".

Marx analyzed in Das Kapital that in capitalist society, "if there is 10% profit, capital is guaranteed to be used everywhere; if there is 20% profit, capital becomes active; when there is 50% profit, capital takes risks; for 100% profit, capital dares to trample on all human laws; with 300% profit, capital dares to commit any crime or even risk hanging its head." Our country is on the socialist road, and "omnipotent capital" cannot do whatever it pleases, but must act within the provisions of the Constitution and laws. Therefore, like the entry of capital into other areas, there is also a problem that social capital enters the field of food production.

The "farm manager" is a bridge between capital and local producers. When social capital finds the "farm manager", it is tantamount to finding the "golden key" to open food production. If social capital enters a certain area, it may be possible to achieve initial success by rashly hiring people from other places to engage in food production when they are not familiar with the local situation. However, the chances of success are slim. As the basic factors of production such as geography, climate and hydrology are different, the same production benefits may not be achieved even if the most advanced production methods are used. There must be local "guides" who can adapt to the local "soil and water". Such a "guide" is the local "farm manager".

"farm manager" is the cornerstone of capital expansion. Different from cash crop production, the benefit of grain production depends to a large extent on intensification and scale. It is impossible for social capital to enter the field of grain production on a large scale at the initial stage, but when it is tried to reach a certain extent, it needs to be expanded, and the most important thing to expand the scale is to transfer cultivated land. The circulation of cultivated land needs capital support, but only capital support is still not enough. Under the condition of market economy, farmers who are hurt by illegal businessmen have a great "defensive nature" to social capital. Even if social capital is hyped up, farmers do not necessarily transfer arable land to them. This requires native-born farmers to "speak for themselves", and the "farm manager" is the right person.

The "Farm Manager" has achieved mutual benefit and win-win results.

In China, which has a large population, limited arable land and low per capita resources, it is a very difficult task for Chinese policy makers to achieve stable and sustainable development of grain production and ensure 95% of domestic grain self-sufficiency. At a time when more than 1 billion people in the world are underfed and the grain market is monopolized by a few big countries, it is particularly urgent to solve the problem of feeding more than 1.3 billion Chinese people.

The 18th CPC National Congress pointed out: "Speed up the development of modern agriculture, enhance the comprehensive production capacity of agriculture, ensure national food security and the effective supply of important agricultural products, adhere to and improve the basic management system in rural areas, build a new agricultural management system with the combination of intensification, specialization, organization and socialization. We will speed up the improvement of the system and mechanism for the integration of urban and rural development, promote the equal exchange of urban and rural elements and the balanced allocation of public resources, and form a new type of industrial-peasant and urban-rural relationship of promoting agriculture by industry, leading townships by cities, mutual benefit between workers and farmers, and integration of urban and rural areas. " The emergence of "farm manager" embodies the spirit of the 18th CPC National Congress. This is an important aspect of the transformation of the mode of grain production and has achieved mutual benefit and win-win results in many aspects.

From the national level, it not only makes the social capital play a full role, but also ensures the national food security. The crazy "hype" of social capital in land and real estate has kept land prices and house prices high, and ordinary people "look at houses and sigh", unable to afford to buy or live in houses, and lead to rising prices. Under the reasonable guidance of the state, social capital enters the field of agriculture and develops grain production, which not only promotes the stability of the real estate market, but also promotes the intensive and large-scale development of grain production, which lays the foundation for the country's food security.

In terms of social capital, it not only obtains the space to carry out, but also makes a profit. It is clear from the 18th CPC National Congress and the No. 1 document of the CPC Central Committee this year that the state will introduce a series of preferential policies to guide and encourage social capital to enter the agricultural sector, and industries that did not seem to make money in the past will become "fertile ground" for investment. Grain production will become a safe profit-making industry.

As far as farmers are concerned, it has not only liberated the productive forces, but also promoted the growth of income. The grand blueprint formulated by the 18th CPC National Congress is: "to ensure that the grand goal of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way will be achieved by 2020, and that GDP and per capita income of urban and rural residents will double that of 2010." To achieve this goal, it is impossible for farmers to achieve this goal only by relying on the existing mode of production. The emergence of "farm managers" not only enables a considerable number of farmers to achieve the goal of doubling their income soon, but also makes the goal of doubling the income of all grain farmers a reality.