Cultivation and growth management of orchid vase seedlings

First, bottle seedling training

The training of plant seedlings is nothing more than the adjustment of temperature and sunlight; the seedlings must be trained in the natural environment for seven to ten days before they come out of the bottle. Because bottle seedlings are generally stored in an environment with a temperature of about 25 degrees Celsius, and in darker places, if the environment is too different for a while, it is easy to sunburn or unable to adapt to the new culture ground. Therefore, when you buy back bottle seedlings, you should first store them in the future planting bed for seven to ten days after training in the natural environment, and then plant them in bottles. The sun needed for training bottle seedlings is about 30% and 40% of that of full-time sunshine.

Second, the seedlings are cultivated in bottles.

After the bottle seedlings have been trained, they can be cultivated in bottles. If you open the bottle cap with a long clip, you can take out the seedlings easily, do not pull the leaves and hurt the plants as much as possible, do not wash the seedlings with water when it is not necessary, avoid groundwater or wash the seedlings with water with great temperature difference, and the seedlings are delicate and aseptic when they come out of the bottle. Groundwater often contains a large number of miscellaneous bacteria and unknown minerals, and the acidity and alkalinity are often beyond the adaptive range of the seedlings, which is easy to cause injury. If there is too much difference in water temperature, it will also affect the future growth of seedlings. The seedlings are taken out from the bottle, and the roots should not be left with a culture medium. If washed with water, soak them with 2000 times of HyponexNo.1, Peter or instant food for a few seconds, then pick them up, put them on the newspaper, place them in a cool place, let them ventilate naturally, and wait for damp and completely dry before planting. ? The company suggests that it is better not to wash the seedlings, nor soak in any nutrients, and the bottle seedlings are sterile, let alone do any disinfection measures.

III. Preparation of planting materials

Plastic basin or hole plate; the diameter of the basin mouth for planting a single seedling is about 4.5 cm, and then replace the larger basin? 6 or 9 cm basin according to the situation three or five months later; there must be a drainage hole in the bottom of the plastic basin.

Aquatic plants; better aquatic plants should be used, because good aquatic plants have high water permeability and are not easy to corrode, so they are suitable for orchid air root growth. First of all, wash the aquatic plants with tap water, soak them in disinfectant for about an hour, then dry them or thoroughly dehydrate them with a dehydrator before use.

4. The planting method of bottle seedlings

Trim off too long or excess roots with sterilized scissors, then take a small dropout plant and a small seedling, wrap the roots in water plants, and plant them into a hole in a plastic basin or hole plate. The wrapped part of the aquatic plant is lower than the growing point as far as possible, and how much of the aquatic plant material can be used to steadily erect the plant, too loose water content is not good, too tight is not easy to water, and will hinder the normal growth of the root system. After planting one plant after another, the plastic basin should be loaded into a trailer for easy handling and neat appearance. After planting, do not water the water plants before they are dry.

5. Basic management of seedlings

The planted seedlings should be placed in a cool and ventilated place and all the internal and external networks should be pulled up in the standard greenhouse. At this time, the seedlings should be illuminated by about 35%~45%?5000~10000lx (950ft-c). About, after two or three days, let the water plants almost dry before watering by spray, and then according to routine, only about every 7 to 10 days should be irrigated to thoroughly wash and flush the algal gas from the basin, reduce acidity and reduce the occurrence of root rot; at the same time, fertilization can promote root growth.

After 60 days out of the bottle, Phalaenopsis has entered the middle seedling stage, so the light should be increased to 50%~60%?15000lx (1400ft-c)? After 180 days, the light intensity of adult or flowering plants of medium and large seedlings increased slightly, about 60%~70%?20000lx (1900ft-c)? About 60 days after Oncidium, Calderia, Dendrobium, Dendrobium, Cymbidium and Cymbidium are out of the bottle, the light should be increased to 60%-70%. Adult or flowering plants need higher light, about 70%-85%. Even some orchids need about 90% light to blossom.

VI. Humidity

Orchidaceae plants all like the environment with higher humidity, and it is better to have a relative humidity of 50%, 85%.

7. Temperature

The suitable environment for the seedling growth period of Orchidaceae is 23oC~28oC, and the orchid genera of different families are slightly different after they grow up. The reason for the failure of orchid cultivation is mainly frostbite caused by cold current, and high temperature is easy to cause pathological changes and loss.

VIII. Ventilation

Orchids are air root plants and have a habit of loving clean air. Good ventilation will reduce the incidence of leaf rot.

IX. Fertilization

Foliar fertilization and regular fertilization, do not use organic fertilizer. Seedlings or adults should focus on foliar fertilization, spraying about once or twice a week within 30 minutes after watering. In order to make up for the deficiency of foliar fertilization, regular fertilization adopts the method of putting into the basin, generally using magic fertilizer particles and so on.

Generally, HyponexNo.1, Pete or Suizi are used for foliar fertilization of seedlings.

Foliar fertilization of middle seedlings or adult plants can increase nitrogen fertilizer.

If foliar fertilizer is applied to flowering plants, high phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be used.

10. Environmental hygiene

Orchidaceae plants also like to be clean. If commercial plants are cultivated with cash crops, different families and genera should be planted separately. Apart from being easy to manage, they are also less likely to get sick.

Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests

The greenhouse should be thoroughly disinfected before it is used, and the old greenhouse should be strengthened. The greenhouse should be equipped with screen windows to prevent insect invasion, yellow armyworm paper should be installed beside the planting bed, and lime and sulfur should be sprinkled on the periphery of the greenhouse to prevent the invasion of ants and other reptiles. In general, if there are insect pests in the greenhouse, it will bring bacterial infection.

The newly bottled seedlings should not share the greenhouse with the adult plants as much as possible, and the purchased potted seedlings must be isolated and sterilized before they can be cultivated together with other orchid plants in the greenhouse.

Spraying pesticides should be carried out inside and outside the greenhouse every two to three weeks to prevent the occurrence of insect pests.

It should be carried out every month to prevent bacterial infection and spray germicidal liquid once to prevent the growth of bacteria and harm the plant.

Infection should be sterilized immediately for more than three times in a row. Once every other week, it is best to change the germicidal agents each time to increase the germicidal efficacy and avoid the occurrence of bacterial drug resistance.

Diseased plants should be eliminated immediately, or infected leaves should be removed for laboratory testing to find out the cause as soon as possible.

Non-essential personnel shall not enter the cultivation greenhouse; the staff shall wash the equipment and shoes when entering and leaving the greenhouse; and the equipment shall not be moved to other greenhouses casually to prevent bacterial infection.

The knife should be sterilized, and the second plant should not be continuously trimmed each time. Before use, it should be sterilized with 5% formalin and 5% sodium hydroxide, soaking for about 1-2 minutes each time to avoid bacterial infection. The prevention and control of diseases and insect pests will be introduced in detail and discussed in another chapter.