Cultivation and maintenance of Cymbidium

I. habit and distribution

Spring orchid commonly known as grass orchid or mountain orchid, with fleshy roots and globular quasi-bulbs, leaves clump and tough, about 20 to 25 centimeters long, narrow and pointed, the edge is rough. Before and after the Spring Equinox, there were flowering stems in the rhizosphere, with white membranous bracts on the stems and a flower at the tip. There are many valuable varieties with rich aroma.

Cymbidium is a common original species of terrestrial orchids, mostly in temperate zones, mainly distributed in China, is a specialty of our country. Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong, Sichuan, Yunnan, Anhui, Jiangxi, Gansu, Taiwan and other places are the most. Orchid is one of the famous flowers in China, which has a long history of cultivation. Potted plants are often used as indoor ornamental plants. When they bloom, they have a particularly elegant aroma and have flowers all year round, so they are good products for indoor layout, and their roots, leaves and flowers can be used as medicine.

II. Planting techniques

1. Soil for basin selection

Planting spring orchids should be carried out at the end of autumn. Before planting, it is appropriate to choose a new tile basin that has been soaked in water for several hours, such as purple sand basin or plastic basin. The size of the basin is suitable for the root to stretch in the basin. Orchid mud is the most ideal culture soil, or mixed with humus (or humus) and sandy loam. Do not use alkaline soil.

two。 Upper basin

First, put tiles on the drainage holes at the bottom of the basin (preferably with 3 drainage holes), crushed stones, slag and other things on the pad, accounting for about 5% of the basin, which is covered with a layer of coarse sand, and then put in the culture soil. It is best to put the orchid seedling into the basin, straighten the root, let it stretch naturally, gently lift the orchid seedling in the middle of the filling, and shake the flowerpot at the same time, so that the orchid root is closely combined with the pot soil, continue to fill to the edge of the basin, and press it. Leave about 3 cm along the mouth for fertilization and watering.

3. Shade

Pour water into the basin and put it in a shady place. Keep it indoors in early spring and winter, and put it under the shade for the rest of the time. It is shaded from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m. In summer, and the shading degree of Chunlan should reach about 90% in summer. It is about 70% or 80% in spring and autumn.

4. Watering

The leaves of orchids have thicker cuticle and sunken stomata, which are more resistant to drought, so they do not need much water, so it is better to keep the orchid soil "seven minutes dry and three points wet". In general, the basin soil should be watered once every 2-3 days in spring, and the basin soil should be kept slightly dry after flowering, and it should be slightly moist after April; if the temperature is high in summer, it can be watered once a day; in autumn, it should be dry and wet; and less in winter. Spring orchid bud period, it is appropriate to keep moist, but not too wet. In the dry and hot season, spray the ground around the flowerpot in the evening to increase the humidity of the air.

5. Fertilization

Orchids do not apply thick fertilizer. It is not suitable to apply fertilizer in the first year of newly planted orchids, but can not be fertilized until the new roots grow vigorously after 1-2 years of cultivation. Generally from April to the Beginning of Autumn, fully mature thin pancake fertilizer and water are applied every 15 to 20 days. In the heat of summer, stop fertilizing. The suitable time for fertilization is in the evening. Avoid liquid fertilizer contaminating leaves when fertilizing.

6. Shu Lei

After budding, it is appropriate to keep one of the buds with the best development and the best ornamental value, and remove the rest, so as to make the flowers large and beautiful. Spring orchids can be cut off together with flowers after blooming for about 10 to 14 days, and do not wait until the natural tax falls behind to reduce nutrient consumption and facilitate flowering in the coming year.