The Ministry of Agriculture released the wind skills of promoting early maturity and preventing Cold Dew of southern double-cropping late rice in 2014.

Rice expert guidance Group of the Ministry of Agriculture

National Agricultural Technology extension Service Center

(31 July 2014)

At present, the harvest of early rice is coming to an end, and the planting of double-cropping late rice has entered the peak period. Due to the influence of low temperature, cloudy and rainy weather, the maturity of early rice was delayed in some areas of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, which affected the suitable transplanting of late rice in the next crop. In view of the fact that moderate or higher intensity El Nino events may occur this year, low temperature and heavy rain in the southern autumn, cold dew wind and disease and pest damage superimposed an increased risk, affecting the safe maturity of late rice, the Ministry of Agriculture organized experts to formulate technical guidance for field management of double-cropping late rice in South China, focusing on "planting in time to promote early development, scientific fertilization to promote early maturity, and strengthening disaster resistance and bumper harvest". Strengthen field management Strive for a good harvest of late rice.

(1) to make up for the delay by planting it at the same time. At present, most of the late rice planted are indica rice varieties with strong temperature sensitivity, and the elasticity of seedling age is small, and it is easy to cause rigid seedlings to be planted beyond the seedling age. For the fields that can not be planted in time due to the delay of early rice harvest, all localities should rush to make up for the delay, insert enough basic seedlings and prevent the shortage of panicles caused by the decrease of tillers. Due to the influence of heavy rainfall, the seedling fields where the seedlings are washed up by the flood should be densified and thinned in time. For the late rice fields that cannot be planted in time due to the erosion of seedlings by precipitation, dry grain crops such as miscellaneous grains, beans and potatoes should be replanted as soon as possible to prevent abandonment.

(2) apply fertilizer reasonably to increase ear and protect grain. Early application of tiller fertilizer, appropriately increase the proportion of tiller fertilizer, increase the amount of base fertilizer and tiller fertilizer to 75% of the total fertilizer application. Generally, tiller fertilizer is applied 3-5 days after transplanting, and urea is applied 5-7 kg per mu to promote early growth and rapid development. Skillfully apply panicle fertilizer, apply 2-3 kg urea per mu when the second leaf of the plant is extracted and the first leaf is exposed to the tip, so as to promote a strong stem and a large ear. Supplementary application of grain fertilizer, in the flowering and filling period, urea 2-3 kg per mu, or foliar spraying 1.5-2 kg urea plus 150-200 g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate with water to prevent premature senescence and promote grain filling maturity.

(3) scientifically manage water and promote root prevention. According to the principles of planting in thin water, living in deep water, promoting tillering in shallow water and alternating between dry and wet, we should do a good job in field water management. Transplanting rice maintains shallow water layer to promote tillering in the field within 15 days after transplanting, flower water should be adopted in seedling throwing field to promote seedling erection, moist management should be carried out after seedling establishment, and open field gap should be carried out to promote tiller and root development. Timely sun field control seedlings, for transplanting fields, low fertility, weak seedling potential should be light exposure, high fertility, seedling potential should be appropriate heavy sun; ploughing and throwing seedling fields, should be properly early sun heavy sun, for no-tillage throwing seedlings relatively late fields, to more sun light. After drying the field, rewatering should be done in time, dry, wet and alternate irrigation should be adopted to promote root development and enhance plant lodging resistance. Cut off the water 5-7 days before harvest, strictly prevent it from being cut off too early.

(4) the pass should be moved forward to prevent diseases and insects. Pay close attention to the occurrence of rice diseases and insect pests, focus on the prevention and control of major migratory and epidemic diseases and insect pests such as rice planthopper, rice leaf roller, rice blast and sheath blight, scientifically select appropriate pesticides, and carry out emergency control and unified control in a timely manner. The control of rice planthopper should be stressed "before and after control". Pyrethrin, aphids, dimethylide and other insecticides were sprayed during the peak period of young nymphs to strictly control the outbreak at the panicle stage. For rice stem borer and rice leaf roller, chlorobenzamide, tetrachloroamide and cyanofluorohydrazone were selected to control the main damage generation in the middle and later stage of rice according to the principle of "loosening before and after tightening and up to the standard". Rice blast and false smut should focus on the prevention and control of broken heading stage, sheath blight should focus on the prevention and control of tillering stage and jointing stage, use high content single agent as far as possible, avoid the use of high content compound agent, prevent the emergence of drug resistance and improve the efficiency of control.

(5) to deal with it in advance and guard against the "autumn cold". In view of the increased probability of low temperature, overcast rain and cold dew wind in southern rice areas this year, it is necessary to formulate preventive plans as soon as possible, and on the basis of promoting early development, we should prepare in advance the techniques and measures to deal with them in the later stage. For the fields that have not yet heading when the Cold Dew wind comes, deep water should be used to protect the "fetus"; for those that develop slowly and have begun to ear before the cold dew wind comes, spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate combined with foliar spraying with an appropriate amount of "920" to promote early heading; when the cold dew wind is coming, the paddy fields that are heading and flowering should be irrigated with deep water to keep warm from the cold, conditionally sprayed with temperature enhancers to enhance cold resistance, reduce the harm of low temperature, and ensure safe heading.