Agricultural subsidies are accurate and efficient.

By defining the target of subsidy and adjusting the idea of subsidy, we should explore the mechanism of linking agricultural subsidy with grain production, improve the accuracy and directivity of subsidy, and let those who produce more food get more subsidy.

Recently, I went to several major grain producing counties for interviews and talked with some big grain growers about agricultural subsidies. They generally have two views on the agricultural subsidy of more than 100 yuan per mu of land: first, they feel that with the increase in income such as working, although this little money is not a large sum, they feel that the country is still thinking about them, and their hearts are very warm. Second, according to the current policy, no matter how much land they transfer to grow grain, only their own contracted land can enjoy subsidies, and the rest are received by the transferred households, so it is very difficult for large households to mobilize their enthusiasm for growing grain through subsidies. At present, these mentalities are more common in new types of agricultural operators, such as large grain growers.

Agricultural subsidy is a policy of agricultural support and protection widely adopted by countries all over the world. China's agricultural subsidy policy has entered its thirteenth year since it was launched nationwide in 2004. at present, it is based on the "four subsidies" of direct subsidies, comprehensive subsidies for agricultural materials, subsidies for the purchase of agricultural machinery and subsidies for improved varieties. The basic institutional framework is supplemented by agricultural insurance premium subsidies and subsidies for key agricultural production links. Data show that China's agricultural subsidies reached more than 160 billion yuan last year. It should be said that the existing agricultural subsidy policy conforms to the changes of China's economic and social development situation, has played an important supporting role in promoting the continuous growth of grain production and farmers' income, and has been wholeheartedly supported by hundreds of millions of farmers.

However, there are also some problems in the implementation of agricultural subsidy policy. The big grain growers "complain" that the subsidy target is not accurate enough is one of them. In recent years, there has indeed been a decoupling of subsidies from food production in some areas. As long as it complies with the land contract policy, some farmers abandon their land and take subsidies; some farmers have completely "got rid of agriculture" when they go to work in cities, and their subsidy income will not be reduced at all. Therefore, some experts say that the stimulating effect of subsidies on grain production is slowing down day by day, gradually evolving into an "income-oriented welfare" for farmers.

In fact, the purpose of the agricultural subsidy policy was to encourage farmers to buy more grain. But in the actual operation, the final transition is basically based on the contracted arable land area to farmers. This is mainly because it is difficult to calculate clearly the indicators of grain sown area, output, commodity volume and so on. This is also the objective reason why the orientation of agricultural subsidy policy is not clear and the accuracy is not very high.

Although it is very difficult, some things have to be done. Because under the background that the cost of growing grain continues to rise and the comparative benefit of growing grain continues to decline, because the subsidy target is not accurate enough, people who really grow grain can not get more subsidies, and farmers' enthusiasm for growing grain decreases, which may not only lead to a more serious tendency of non-grain cultivation of cultivated land, but also not conducive to the cultivation and development of new agricultural operators such as large grain growers. All these urgently need to improve the accuracy of agricultural subsidy policies.

This year's Central Committee document No. 1 proposed that "new subsidies should be tilted to grain and other important agricultural products, new agricultural operators, and major producing areas," and "pilot subsidies to producers according to actual grain sown area or output should be carried out in places where conditions permit." This is a further adjustment to the agricultural subsidy policy with the change of the situation. By clarifying the objectives of subsidies and adjusting the ideas of subsidies, we will explore the formation of a mechanism for truly linking agricultural subsidies with grain production, improving the accuracy and directivity of subsidies, and giving more subsidies to those who produce more food, which will further enhance the enthusiasm of farmers in growing food. we will more effectively avoid the non-grain phenomenon of cultivated land and ensure national food security. Of course, to achieve the accuracy and orientation of subsidies, we can not ignore the maneuverability of the policy, we should not only pursue efficiency, but also take into account fairness, in order to maximize the effectiveness of agricultural subsidy policy.