The Ministry of Agriculture released techniques for drought resistance and bumper harvest of maize in drought-affected areas of Northeast China in 2014.

Since July, there has been less precipitation, high temperature, lack of soil moisture and serious summer drought in central and western Inner Mongolia, western and southern Liaoning, maize plants wilted and leaves turned green in varying degrees. The meteorological department predicts that there is no effective rain in the drought-affected areas in the near future, and the drought continues. "the Beginning of Autumn" has passed, the northeast spring corn is in the period of male silking, which is the peak of water demand, and it is also the most sensitive period to water shortage. In order to effectively deal with the current drought and the possible continuous drought in summer and autumn, the Ministry of Agriculture has organized experts to formulate technical guidance on drought resistance and bumper harvest of spring corn in drought-stricken areas, focusing on "resisting high temperature, preventing continuous drought, promoting grain filling, and ensuring maturity." scientific field management, disaster resistance and damage reduction, and make every effort to win a bumper harvest of corn.

(1) to irrigate early and build soil moisture to protect seedlings. We should make full use of drought-resistant water sources and water-saving drip irrigation projects, and give priority to ensuring water use in high-yield fields and critical periods of water shortage. According to the growth of seedlings and the change of soil moisture, shallow watering should be taken to maintain the normal filling and fruiting of the plant. Where possible, drip irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, furrow irrigation, Xiaobailong and other irrigation measures should be taken to replenish water in time to expand the effective irrigation area. In unconditional areas, methods such as wrong time ridge irrigation and alternate ridge irrigation are adopted to reduce water consumption, reduce field temperature and minimize the loss caused by drought.

(2) topdressing to promote growth, strong stalks and panicles. Combined with irrigation and watering, topdressing spike fertilizer in time, applying 10-20 kg urea per mu and deep application on the side of trenching to avoid surface application, promote maize roots to tie down, enhance nutrient and water absorption capacity, and promote strong stalks and large ears. In the later stage of grain filling, foliar fertilizer or plant growth regulator was applied by tall stalk spraying machine, 0.5-0.7 kg urea per mu plus 0.2 kg potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 50-100 kg water, cooling and humidification, increasing plant ear and leaf moisture, speeding up grain filling maturity and increasing grain number and grain weight.

(3) Scientific field management, disaster reduction and loss reduction. After watering for 1-2 days, one shovel or shallow ploughing should be done to break soil consolidation and reduce water evaporation. For the fields with delayed development caused by drought, artificial pollination should be carried out in time to improve the seed setting rate. In the later growth stage, measures such as releasing autumn ridges, pulling big grass, cutting empty plants and cutting bottom leaves can improve the ability of ventilation and light transmission, reduce water competition, reduce disease infection, and ensure full filling. For spring corn fields with severe yield reduction or no harvest, replant open field vegetables or forage crops in time. For the corn fields which are difficult to form seeds, silage should be carried out in time to make up for the yield loss.

(4) strengthen monitoring and control of diseases and insect pests. Strengthen monitoring and early warning, pay close attention to the occurrence trend of diseases and insect pests such as corn borer, third-generation armyworm, aphids and leaf spot, and timely carry out emergency control and general control. Scientific selection of prevention and control agents, grasp the reasonable timing and dosage, appropriately increase the frequency of application, reduce the concentration, and improve the effect of prevention and control. Leaf spot diseases are first removed from the bottom 1-2 diseased leaves and destroyed, and then sprayed with 50% carbendazim or 70% methyl topiramate 500-fold solution, or 75% mancozeb 500-800-fold solution spray control. Corn borer was sprayed with 4.5% cypermethrin 1500-2000 times or 2.5% kungfu 1500-2000 times 6-8 days after the peak silking period. Armyworm can be controlled by spraying 4.5% cypermethrin or 1500-2000 times of cypermethrin.

(the National Agricultural Technology extension Service Center of the Maize expert guidance Group of the Ministry of Agriculture)