Ministry of Agriculture issues 2014 Technical guidance for promoting early maturity and preventing early Frost of Northeast Soybean

This year, some parts of Northeast China suffered from severe low temperature and spring waterlogging in spring, the sowing date of soybean was obviously delayed compared with normal years, and there was periodic cloudy and rainy weather in some areas during the flowering and pod period, the growth process was slow, and the maturity period may be later than usual. The Ministry of Meteorology predicts that the time of the first frost in Northeast China may be earlier this year due to the possible occurrence of an El Nino event of moderate or above intensity. In order to promote the normal growth and development of soybean and ensure its safety and maturity, experts from the Ministry of Agriculture put forward the technical guidance for promoting early maturity and preventing early frost of soybean in Northeast China, focusing on "drainage, foliar spraying and artificial fumigation".

(1) drainage, reducing stains and promoting growth. In August, the northeast region is still in the flood season, with more rainfall. For low-lying areas or plots prone to waterlogging, mechanical drainage and trenching drainage should be taken to eliminate stagnant water in the field and stagnant water in the plough layer in time. After drainage, straighten and straighten the plant in time, wash away the surface silt, and promote the soybean to return to normal growth as soon as possible.

(2) foliar spraying promotes precocious maturity. Foliar fertilization at flowering and pod stage can accelerate the growth process of soybean and promote its normal maturity. General foliar spraying urea plus potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the amount of urea per mu is 350-700 grams plus potassium dihydrogen phosphate 150-300 grams, according to the lack of soil elements can be properly increased to apply micro-fertilizer. General mu with 25 grams of ammonium molybdate, 100 grams of borax, mixed with water spraying, spraying time after 4: 00 p. M., flowering and pod stage can be sprayed 2-3 times. Farmers who have the conditions can also spray high concentration foliar fertilizers such as brassinolide and growth regulators such as thalidomide and paracetamol to effectively supplement nutrients and enhance plant resistance to stress and cold. At the same time, by pulling out the big grass in the field, it can increase the ventilation and light in the field and promote the growth and development of soybean.

(3) artificial smoking to prevent early frost. Pay close attention to the weather change trend, at 2-3 am, when the temperature drops to the critical temperature of 1-2 ℃, the method of artificial smoking is adopted to prevent early frost. In the upwind of the immature soybean plot, straw, leaves and weeds were ignited and burned slowly, so that the ground was covered with smoke, increased the temperature near the ground by 1-2 ℃, changed the local environment and reduced the harm of frost. The smoke pile should be dense and evenly distributed, and the smoke should control the whole field as far as possible. In addition, chemical drugs such as red phosphorus are burned in the field to form a smoke screen, which also has anti-frost effect.

(national Agricultural Technology extension Service Center of Soybean expert guidance Group of the Ministry of Agriculture)