The citizenization of Rural migrant population is a Social Vertical Mobility Mechanism

Recently, the State Council issued the "opinions on further promoting the Reform of the Household Registration system" and deployed to provide services for migrant workers and promote the citizenization of the rural migrant population in an orderly manner. This is the key policy to promote the development of urban-rural integration in China, which will have a far-reaching impact.

When a society has a vertical mobility mechanism between classes, it has vitality.

How to change from dual structure to unitary structure is the core link of the realization of Chinese Dream. In the meantime, it is very important to transform people's "dual structure" into "unitary structure". It can be seen that the citizenization of rural transferred population is one of the key issues of China's economic and social transformation at present and for a long time in the future. The key premise to solve this problem is to recognize the essence of the citizenization of the rural transferred population.

The key to the vitality of an economic society lies in the mobility of its resources. If you move, you will be full of vitality; if you are stagnant, you will have stagnant water. Mobility itself is the process of economic restructuring. The flow of resources includes not only material flow and capital flow, but also the flow of population. More importantly, population mobility is the result of rational expectation and rational choice, and it is the most direct reflection of the change of economic activities.

The citizenization of rural transferred population is based on the gap between urban and rural development, its goal is the integration of urban and rural development, and its process is a mechanism of social vertical mobility. When a society has a vertical flow mechanism between classes, there is hope and vitality at the bottom of the society, and there is an error correction mechanism for social development, which can avoid the phenomenon of "mismatch" of resources to a certain extent.

To realize the perseverance of those who have permanent property is the key to the citizenization of the rural transferred population.

If the citizenization of rural transferred population is to become a mechanism of social vertical mobility, it is necessary to make people feel that they have permanent property and perseverance.

Since the reform and opening up, the relationship between the rural migrant population (commonly known as migrant workers) and the city is "surging in and out". This is a state in which "those who have no permanent production have no perseverance". However, urban builders, product manufacturers and service providers are isolated from urban civilization and can not enjoy the fruits of the development of modern civilization. In this state, the employment decision of migrant workers will be full of uncertainty due to time and place, making a living has become the primary goal, developed into extravagant talk, and upward mobility is a small probability event. Schultz, an American economist, points out in his classic book the Transformation of traditional Agriculture that the narrow understanding of farmers is a misunderstanding and that farmers are rational. The duck with warm water in the river is the first to feel the smell of spring. The farmers' union makes the choice that is best for them.

The realization of perseverance for those who have permanent property is the key to the citizenization of the rural transferred population. Citizenization is a dynamic adjustment process between the current welfare and the future welfare of the rural transferred population. The maximization of expected welfare is an important link in the citizenization of rural transferred population.

Education is a substitute for raising children to prevent old age. The most important thing for the citizenization of the rural transferred population is to integrate into the modern education system. Education is the most important way of social vertical mobility and the invisible path of intergenerational inheritance. Human capital investment is the key to maximize intergenerational income and to achieve intergenerational equity. Hope for success is not to go with the tide, but a rational choice. If the next generation can have access to fair education, this will be a permanent property, an invisible permanent property, a permanent property full of hope, and a feasible way to "give birth to a noble son from a poor family". The realization of the wide coverage of the education system is the primary link of the citizenization of the rural transferred population and the largest project for the benefit of the people.

Social security replaces land security. With the citizenization of the rural transferred population, social security needs to be supported step by step. The so-called bottom support is to form stable expectations and have something to rely on in life. The so-called step by step should be based on the financial capacity of the government and the ability to increase the income of the social security fund. More importantly, the citizenization of the rural transferred population is the result of conforming to the trend with economic development and industrial structure adjustment, rather than a simple "land for hukou". In rural areas, land has economic function and security function. After the citizenization of the rural migrant population, the bottom line of life needs to be relied on, and the elderly need to be supported. The transformation and convergence of the two security systems should not form a vacuum zone.

Employment instead of living allowance. Salary, which is the discount of the income of a person's ability to work, is the most important guarantee for the formation of stable expectations. After the citizenization, it is very important for the rural migrant population to find employment. It is difficult to form stable expectations by relying solely on low-income living subsidies. In addition to the local industrial absorptive capacity, an important way is to encourage entrepreneurial migrant workers to start businesses in the place where they work. At this time, equal opportunities provided by the government are very important.

The flow of resources replaces stagnation. The citizenization of rural transferred population is to realize the integration of urban and rural areas, which depends on the free flow of resources. The process of resource flow is the process of diversified sources of income. After the citizenization of the rural transfer population, part of its material property may still be in the countryside, whether this part of property can flow through leasing, shareholding, guarantee, mortgage and other channels, it is very important to realize the income of property rights. On the one hand, the flow of resources is very important for the scale development of the rural economy, on the other hand, it can realize the connection between the rural capital market and the urban capital market. Capital spans time and space, regardless of urban and rural areas, capital only looks at advantages or no benefits. Capital flow is not only the process of urban-rural integration, but also the process of realizing income diversification.

In a word, those who have permanent property have perseverance, and the core is the right of survival and development, which is a kind of positive energy and the sustainable basis of citizenization of rural transferred population.