Draw lessons from the development experience of foreign countries in environmental conservation agriculture

After the end of World War II, with the rapid development of Japanese economy and the large-scale development of land, Japan's rural resources environment has become very severe in pursuit of high agricultural output and high productivity. On June 10, 1992, the Japanese government first proposed the development of environment-friendly agriculture in the New Direction of Food, Agriculture and Rural Policy, and regarded it as a new goal of agricultural policy. Generally speaking, environment-preserving agriculture refers to sustainable agriculture that gives full play to its own material circulation function, continuously coordinates with productivity, and reduces environmental load by reducing the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides.

Japan's environment-preserving agriculture consists of three systems: policy and law, agricultural technology and agricultural certification. (a) Legal system of policy. Generally speaking, Japan legalizes agricultural environmental protection policies and measures through legislation, promotes agricultural environmental protection policies and measures in the form of legislation, improves agricultural environmental protection laws and regulations system, controls agricultural environmental pollution according to law, and strengthens law enforcement to implement relevant laws. (2) Agricultural technology system. Japan attaches great importance to investment in agricultural research and education, regards science and technology as a breakthrough point in developing environment-friendly agriculture, emphasizes cooperation between government, private and scientific research institutions, develops agricultural biotechnology, new pesticides, new cultivation methods, etc., and actively promotes the use of these technologies by taking preferential measures. (c) Agricultural certification system. 1. Organic agricultural products certification system. Organic produce entering the Japanese market must be certified by a certification body registered with the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries. 2. Eco-farmer certification system. Japan's "National Conference on Environmental Conservation Agriculture Promotion" specially designed the "ecological farmer" logo in 2000 and officially used it since 2003.

The enlightenment of environmental preservation agriculture to China is as follows: First, transform traditional agricultural production mode and persist in agricultural sustainable development strategy. It is necessary to change the agricultural production mode with high input, high output and high energy consumption, advocate "low input" agriculture with minimal foreign substances such as chemical fertilizers, pesticides and machinery, develop agriculture on the premise of protecting the environment and ecological balance, and seek harmony with the environment while maintaining production upward. The second is to improve the legal system of agricultural environmental protection and strengthen policy support for environmentally friendly agricultural development. We should speed up the formulation and implementation of special laws and regulations on agricultural environmental resources protection to further coordinate agricultural environmental protection and agricultural natural resources protection. Third, establish environment-friendly agricultural organizations and improve the authoritative certification system. Through the establishment of national and local environment-friendly agricultural organizations to guide production, product processing and marketing, relevant technologies are tested and demonstrated. At the same time, we should improve the authoritative agricultural certification system so that different types of environment-friendly agriculture and agricultural products can be recognized by the market. Fourth, we should intensify environmental protection education and propaganda so that environment-preserving agriculture can take root in the hearts of the people. We should strengthen the public education on environmental protection consciousness, food safety education and environmental protection propaganda, and speed up the development of markets for organic agricultural products and pollution-free agricultural products.

Generally speaking, environmental preservation agriculture, which is beneficial to ecological civilization and environmental protection, is a sustainable agriculture and represents the development direction of modern agriculture in the long run. Therefore, attention should be paid to studying and absorbing the development experience of similar environmental conservation agriculture in foreign countries, including Japan, so as to provide reference and reference for China's agricultural ecological transformation, the realization of coordinated development of resource utilization and ecological environment protection, and the construction of ecological civilization.