Popularize the model of grass field rotation and vigorously develop grassland agriculture

Recently, a seminar on the exchange of forage technology and products between China and the United States was held in Beijing, and experts at the meeting pointed out that China has begun to promote the model of grass field rotation in agricultural areas, indicating that the development of a "grass agriculture" type of "grassland agriculture" is suitable for China's food structure.

China is a large grassland country, with nearly 400 million hectares of grassland accounting for about 2. 5% of the total land area. In 2013, the national output of natural fresh grass reached 1.06 billion tons, with an artificial recommendation of 280 million mu. However, compared with animal husbandry, which accounts for a large proportion of China's agricultural industrial structure, forage industry is still a weak link in the development of animal husbandry. Ren Jizhou, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, pointed out at the meeting that although China's forage industry started relatively late, China has more abundant natural grassland resources and planting experience, and give full play to these advantages, the forage industry has broad prospects.

Professor Zhang Yingjun, an expert in the technical system of the national forage industry, analyzed and pointed out that the unreasonable agricultural industrial structure in China is one of the reasons for the weakness of the forage industry. Although China put forward the ternary development structure of "grain-economy-feed" in the 1980s, in more cases, the structure of "feeding" is often ignored, while in the planting industry in developed countries, the forage industry accounts for 1pm 3, which has a reasonable "grain-economy-feed" ternary structure. In addition, in animal husbandry in developed countries, the proportion of ruminants such as cattle and sheep is as high as more than 80%, while China is only about 25%. It can be seen that such an industrial structure is not sustainable. He said that if the forage industry is coupled to the agricultural industrial structure, it can not only improve the quality of farmland, but also provide an opportunity for the structural adjustment of animal husbandry and promote the development of forage industry.

China has initially formed a national support system for the development of forage industry, which encourages and supports the development of forage industry from the aspects of policy, capital, technology and so on. With the introduction of a series of related policies, such as the national grain-saving animal husbandry development plan (2011-2020) and the cow alfalfa project, the forage industry has been guaranteed by the policy. The industrial layout of "belt and two regions", which is mainly composed of northeast Leymus chinensis industrial zone, northwest and North China alfalfa industrial belt and southern forage industrial zone, has been initially formed in the whole country. By the end of 2013, the country retained a recommended area of 20.867 million hectares, and the country's commercial grass production area reached 3.178 million hectares. Relevant experts pointed out that the development of forage industry should not only focus on technology and scale, and any technology should play the greatest role in the system. At present, China has begun to popularize the grass field rotation model in agricultural areas, which shows that the development of "grass agriculture" is suitable for our agricultural system. In the future, China should vigorously develop grassland agriculture on the basis of making full use of grassland, which accounts for 41% of the total land area.

Ren Jizhou also said that the development of grass industry should start from the "grassland agricultural system", not just the "arable land agricultural system". With the development of China's economy, there is a great demand for grassland and animal husbandry. It is hoped that grass industry can be organically combined with beef and mutton industry to develop systematically, so that the whole grassland agricultural system can be improved. This is very critical to the development of grassland in our country.